Requirements of the syllabus:
Discriminatory and Sick Sentences, Sick Sentence Types: improper word order, incorrectly incomplete or redundant constituents, confusing structure, unknown ideograms, illogical.
Two, the test site released
The discrimination and candidates of the test site. It can be seen from the recent years of the college entrance examination, the test site proposition, there are four main aspects: (1) to determine the sentence, if there are language problems, (2) to allow candidates to analyze the original sentence (4) (3) to determine whether the subject matter is correct to determine whether it is appropriate to the sick sentence. To determine the type of question appeared in the first paper, such as 1999, 2000, 2001 National Higher Level Examination question title 5 people, and sometimes in order to allow candidates to get their hands dirty, appeared in two papers in 1998, as the National Higher Level Examination question question 32.
Many kinds of disease sentence sentence type of the examination instructions clearly defined six kinds, we should grasp the main points of the study and effectively grasp the substance of the examination points targeted review.
Three knowledge points to break down
Sick Sentence Types:
(a) improper word order
Inappropriate word order *** with the same characteristics:
1, the sentence's determiner and the center of the position inverted:
For example: China's cotton production, rather than a long-term self-sufficiency. ("Cotton production of cotton production)
The real language in the position of the gerund:
Situation: Most of the young people showed unprecedented enthusiasm for reform. ("unparalleled" before adjusting "enthusiasm") <BR / 3, the position of the gerund:
For example: should play the full effect of the majority of young people. ("fully" adjust "play" before deleting ").
4, multi-layered improper definite article word order:
For example: thousands of years ago, unearthed artifacts on display. (should be thousands of years ago, "adjusted" artifacts "before, after")
5 multi-layer pronominal word order is incorrect.
For example, we can no longer be without any national foreign powers to bully. (If any" adjust "bully")
6 words are not placed correctly:
For example: If he can't, realistically, the cause will suffer ("he" should be moved behind if)
7, the main clause is not in the correct order. p>
7, subject and object inverted:
For example: Ostrovsky's "how steel is made" youth is not strange. (Should read: Chinese youth Ostrovsky.) </ No. Improperly placed:
For example: their own way, exploring their own judgment, they are looking forward to, what they think. (Should read: in their own way, they are thinking about their judgment, they are exploring, they are looking for a mismatch)
(B).
1, incorrect verb collocation:
For example: the moment of his revolutionary spirit came back to me. (Inappropriate: the
case: commemorate the arrival of the "spirit" and "emerging" can not form a subject-predicate relationship, "spirit", "images "
Verb - three main parts. ("commemorate" "Women's Day", not "arrive")
3, modifier and center do not match:
In the case of:
We studied carefully the workers' suggestions and sought advice from experts with an open mind. ("serious" and "study", can not be, can be replaced by "serious", "careful")
< p> 4, the honor does not match the guest:For example, we firmly believe that one day, China's agriculture and agriculture developed countries. (should be "country" to "behavior)
5 words do not match:
Example: Since you're here, I have to go. ("Now" and "also" cannot be used, and should also be "changed to")
(C) Incomplete redundancy of constituents
1, incomplete constituents
(1) Lack of theme:
For example: from the teachers and classmates unanimous praise, because she is such a good grade. (should be changed to "such good grades, she got the unanimous praise of teachers and classmates")
(2) Lack of predicate
For example: in the old society, the working people's hunger, wearing a warmer life. (or get rid of the "life" or "eat" in front of the "live)
(3) lack of object:
Patients: their enthusiasm for the country and the world as a whole, vigorously carry forward the courage to fight, and finally won the championship. Finally won the championship. (In addition to dare to fight "spirit")
(4) lack of necessary additional components:
For example: a spring wheat looks good, a welcome harvest. (It should be "before the time limit of "summer")
(5) Related words that are incomplete:
E.g. Academic Council, learned a lot, for a long time. (before "time")
2 redundancy
(1) In addition to redundant
Example: our revolutionary predecessors, for the benefit of the people, and how much blood was shed, and sacrificed his precious life. (Previously already "revolutionary predecessors, and therefore" they "unnecessary.)
(2) predicate redundant:
For example, students are reviewing and meeting the college entrance examination. ("Meeting", "entrance", not "coming", therefore, should be deleted.)
(3) object redundant:
For example: Today, I came to Yangzhou to the Slim West Lake, the place where the Lake Yue Yuetai County White Pagoda, the Wuting Bridge and scenic spots, tourism. ("place" is redundant, should be deleted)
(4) other components redundant:
for example: to simplify some of the words, there is a slight excision. (The repetition of "slightly" before "partly" can eliminate one)
(D) Combined confusion
(1) Sentence mishmash
Example: How can there be a good result without serious study can be imagined. (A mixture of rhetoric and syntax destroys the structure and tone of a complete sentence. Rhetorical "So how can there be a good result?" (If the judge had ruled, it would have been "Bad results are conceivable.")
(2) Miscellaneous Statements
For example: Shanghai Literature and Arts Publishing House published "Survival" by an undercover agent's life overseas for 20 years, Canadian, Chinese writer's hand. (The subject-verb-predicate clause is blended at the end of the sentence to get rid of the hand.)
(E) Unknown
1 refers to an unknown: BR/> case: someone advocating acceptance of someone else who opposes the claim, and he agrees with it. (Whether the "advocate" actually "accepts" or "opposes" the account is unclear.)
2, the ambiguity of the sentence:
Example: My sister is unlikely to find the father, mother, I was very anxious. (The condition is what "sister" worried, very worried. "Dad", "mom", "mom is very worried it can be "father" and "mother "; a comma in the middle, a comma before the illogical "dad")
(F):
1, self-contradictory:
BR /> eg: He is the victim of the number? Those who are spared. (Since the spared, naturally, is not dead, how can you say that in it the victim? "should be changed to: people who lost their lives, he was spared one)
Scope is not clear:
E.g.: from the point of view of career development, there is also a lack of scientific experts and talents (including scientists, including all kinds of talents, should not be side by side, I should say "different disciplines and talents "experts)
Imposing causality:
For example: I saw him twice in this factory, I know that this elderly patient is eager to help the original workers. (Seeing the old man twice out of the factory workers is not convincing.) /> Rejection of inappropriate behavior:
For example: for several years, all his time did not forget to collect, organize the folk songs, accumulated a lot of information. ("all the time", "any time" , indicates the opposite sentence, "forget" ")
Summary: The above classification of wrong sentences is not strict sentences, it is not necessary to remember its type, with practice, to be able to find the language problem, to be able to correct it.
Four, examples of high school exam questions
1, the following sentences, there is no language problem in the National General College Entrance Examination (1999) ...... /> A During this year's Spring Festival, the city's 210 fire engines and more than 3,000 firefighters and soldiers, to give up vacations, always stick to their duty posts.
B and Consumer Protection Law", welcomed by the majority of consumers, because it strengthens people's awareness of self-protection, the rights and interests of consumers are maximized protection.
C, she guided the accumulation of $ 400 pocket money to subsidize the out-of-school children in poor areas Zhaozhang Bo, to ensure that he can pay the tuition fees to finish elementary school.
D, March 17, six members were expelled from the IOC bribery scandal. The next day, international sporting events shocked the world's leading newspapers with detailed reports.
Analysis: the correct option is C. A does not match, officers and men "give up to leave their posts, you can not" fire trucks ", B belongs to the sentence mixing should be" welcomed by consumers. D, the incorrect preposition should be "changed to" ".
2, the following sentence, language problems (2000 National College Entrance Examination questions)
A, this short online students, in addition to Beijing school staff, teachers, students, as well as scientific and technical workers for 15 years, by Tsinghua University and other colleges and universities are also involved in this study.
B, our newspapers, magazines, television, and all publications, more responsibility to lead by example to eliminate the phenomenon of non-standard characters, enhance the use of language norms awareness.
C, in the new millennium, the country of China, the Dragon will proudly create amazing miracles in the vast sky, making a difference in the world.
D, the factory specification is small, but has twice won the Provincial Science Assembly Award, three evaluations awarded the title of provincial quality products, the products are exported to all parts of the country and Southeast Asia.
Analysis: this question of discrimination language questions key test. The correct answer is C. A situation where the sentences are mixed up, so to speak, with participants coming from... Tsinghua University ...... teachers, students, and scientific and technical workers. "This can be said of students ...... From outside ...... also participated in the study. "Sentence adulteration soft together), will inevitably lead to confusion in the structure. B illogical, "all publications, including newspapers, magazines, and therefore can not be them side by side D mismatch, the subject of the sentence is "factory", "small" there are two Provincial Science Congress Award "can refer to" factory "but" won the title of provincial quality products can not be "factory".
3, the following sentences, there is no language problem (2001 National College Entrance Examination questions) BR /> A in science and technology is the concept of the first productive forces, today's people, who will not believe that will bring good to the human high-tech, because of this, it is no wonder that the liars to fish in troubled waters, to play with the fancy new high-tech.
B, how can we all get rich the key issue is that knowledge plays a decisive role. The lack of knowledge inevitably leads to the wealth of the poor, and adequate wealth is usually based on the premise of knowledge enrichment.
C, by the Beijing People's Art Theatre complex of large-scale historical drama "Cai Wenji line is scheduled to be staged on May 1 in the Capital Theatre, before the intense rehearsals.
D, in recent years, China has accelerated the pace and scale of development of higher education, colleges and universities will further expand enrollment, focusing on the construction of a number of high-level universities and disciplines.
Analysis: The correct answer to this question is A. B commits the structural problem of sentence mash-up confusion and disorder. How do we get rich", should be added, "I want the knowledge that played a decisive role", or tone first, has now become the tone, obviously before and after the loss of the above care. C is guilty of contradiction, illogical and wrong. "Before" means "the other day,"... "indicates that the act is still in progress, therefore both words should be contradicted first on the tension before" changed to " ", D guilty of improper verb - "speed" in question, said can not be say "accelerate the scale", but only "expand".
Five methods
/>The test of the type of rote memorization of sick sentences does not require candidates to identify the problem and, therefore, should be done to practice and master the method of analyzing sick sentences, the following is a simple discrimination language problems, sick sentences.
(a) the method of discrimination of sick sentences
meaning of the phrase re-reading method
mobilizing the sense of language, re-reading the process of perception full of emotion to say, take a look at the embarrassment. Embarrassed, pay attention to analyze and compare the insight causes, such as wrong habits, for example:
No matter the climate and geography is extremely unfavorable, the climber still needs to overcome the difficulties and triumph to the summit. ("Regardless of ...... Both ......" Seems like a bad habit, the correct phrase would be "regardless of. ... How unfavorable, "although ...... very unfavorable".
2, deflate
Delete the branching part of a sentence, like, to make up for tightening the trunk to see if there is a failure of the trunk if the trunk, and then check the branching part.
For example: his noble revolutionary qualities, often come to my heart. (The appearance of the quality of the "backbone" is obviously the main so-called mismatch.)
Sentence analogies modeled on the structure of the original sentence, everyday use of the sentence, by comparing whether the problem will be cleared
For example:
This aspect of the experience is worthy of attention in the culture and? educators, especially teachers in primary and secondary schools. (The structure of the original sentence is more complex and simplified in the first compression "deserves their attention.") Compare the sentence with its structure: "It is worth their learning", "It is worth their visit, three sentences and daily from day to day, said one more word, the original sentence "the attention of teachers." "(deleted)
Analysis
Logical common sense and some language problems are easy to find grammatical errors, you have been analyzed from a variety of management of concepts, judgments and reasoning methods to consider whether there are enough statements before and after the use of the order, which is logical and significant analysis, the relationship between the sentences is appropriate. <BR /For example, (1) The city is unbridled with counterfeit products...
(2) People who have made outstanding achievements are grinding the torch to teach under difficult circumstances.
(1) The phrase "counterfeit products" is out of place and should be promptly replaced by the manufacture of shoddy products or "counterfeit brand-name products." (2) "All sentences of affirmative judgment, overstating the full name, should be replaced with "all" and "most of the words behind the deletion".
(b) Sick Sentences
Can be summarized as a strategy,
Addition (mutilated constituents) deletion (redundancy) change (improper word choice) displacement (incorrect word order)
Not recycled, should not change the original meaning of the sentence. Pay special attention to the word order can be adjusted without adding deletion and correction never change, change the wrong words should also be short and effective.
Example: explore the trail of success, most benefit from good family education and social education.
2, her face was rosy, like a pear in full bloom.
6 o'clock in the morning, both sides of the street leading to the airport, filled with dozens of shuttle
4 garden workers one by one thousands of people, in order to prevent the hazards caused by tree diseases, public **** places, parks, squares, street tree survey.
5, the performance of the Chinese men's soccer team, so that we realize that a good state of mind is very important.
6, and a love of reading, because it can not have a cozy house, quiet nights, always maintain a pure reading feeling.
7 students in the school education curriculum reform
Whether to study hard, so we have achieved a good assurance of a wide exchange of views, the results.
Study should build a brave courage.
10 middle? School students understand and read a large number of literary masterpieces, which is conducive to broaden their horizons and cultivate their sensibilities.
Change: explore the trail of success, their success benefited from good family education and social education. (lack of subjects)
2, her rosy face like a blooming peach blossom. (Common sense, pearly white)
3 , at 6 a.m., both sides of the street leading to the airport filled with a large group of hundreds of thousands of shuttles (1)
4, in order to prevent the hazards caused by the tree disease landscapers of a survey showed that parks, squares, streets, green trees. (Parks, streets and other public **** places, repeat)
5, the performance of the Chinese men's soccer team, so we recognize that a good state of mind is very important. (No theme) prepositional phrase
6, A love of reading, even if they can't have a cozy house, a quiet night, always keep a pure reading feeling. (Improper use of dummy words)</ 7, The students exchanged views extensively on the reform of the school education program. (Not universally expressed)
8, Whether or not studying hard is to ensure our ability to get excellent grades. (Conditional clauses should be consistent)
9, we should build a brave confidence to study (verb - wrong)
10 Middle? School students understand and read a large number of literary masterpieces, which is conducive to broadening our horizons and cultivating (to read literary masterpieces is useful) emotions.