The difference between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis is that peritoneal dialysis does not require extracorporeal circulation, and is closer to physiological exchange of substances, and is available 24 hours a day, so that the "garbage" in the blood can be continuously removed, and the biochemical indexes of the blood are relatively stable. Hemodialysis is the process of establishing a vascular pathway outside of the body, introducing blood into the dialysis machine, removing waste products and toxins from the blood, and then transferring them back into the body.
Peritoneal dialysis patients can basically take care of themselves at home after purchasing dialysis solution and being instructed by their doctors, but they have to be dialyzed three or four times a day. With the help of a fully automated peritoneal dialysis machine, it is possible to perform dialysis during sleep every night. If the patient is in good health, he can go to work as usual without going to the hospital and can do it himself at home without relying on the hemodialysis machine.
In comparison, peritoneal dialysis is more convenient, and the effects of both are comparable, except that hemodialysis requires the use of a hemodialysis machine, which requires you to go to the hospital two to three times a week, and peritoneal dialysis is relatively slow in its effects, and depends on the patient's own peritoneal health, while hemodialysis takes up a lot of the patient's time and requires many trips to the hospital each week, which is more costly.
The main factors affecting peritoneal dialysis are the surface area of the peritoneum and the permeability of the peritoneum, which removes substances by diffusion, convection, ultrafiltration, secretion, and reabsorption. Hemodialysis is through the chemical semipermeable membrane on both sides of the blood and dialysis fluid material exchange, removal of harmful substances in the blood, regulating the balance of water electrolytes, and stabilizing the internal environment.
The removal modes of hemodialysis are diffusion, convection, and ultrafiltration. The main factors affecting the removal of hemodialysis are the dialysis area of the dialyzer, the characteristics of the dialysis membrane, and the permeability. Hemodialysis is better than peritoneal dialysis in removing small molecules, and not as good as peritoneal dialysis in removing medium and large molecules. Hemodialysis malnutrition is mainly related to inadequate dialysis, which affects appetite, and the nature of the dialysis membrane.