Population density: 11 people/km2
key Guinan County is located in the eastern part of the territory of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province. It has a total area of 6,593 square kilometers. The total population is 70,000 (2004) It is dominated by Tibetans. The county people's government is located in: Mangqu Town, 157 kilometers from the state capital. Zip code: 813100. code: 632525. area code: 0974. pinyin: Guinan Xian. Guinan county jurisdiction of 2 towns, 4 townships: Mangqu town, over the horse township, Mori more townships, Mangla townships, tower show townships, Shagou townships.
Located in the valley of the Yellow River, the valley of the Mangla River and the mudflats and high mountains, the terrain slopes from east to northwest. The high mountains are rolling in the south, the beachland in the center, and the Yellow River valley in the northwest. The Yellow River flows through the northwest of the country from southwest to northeast, and there are also rivers such as Mangla and Shagou River. It has a highland continental climate, with an average annual temperature of 2.1℃ and an average annual precipitation of 398 millimeters.
Agriculture and animal husbandry
Livestock is the basic industry in Guinan. Here, the pasture area is vast, rich in water and grass, the climate is suitable for the development of animal husbandry with unique natural conditions. County **** have available pasture area of 593,820,000 acres, to the production of Tibetan sheep, yaks and goats are mainly rich in livestock resources for the development of livestock products processing industry provides a broad prospect. Produce meat products to low fat, high protein, rich in nutrition, pollution-free, containing natural herbal ingredients and renowned in all directions, Guinan unique black Tibetan lamb skin board tough, light and soft, hair color oil black shiny, curly beautiful, good warmth, is the only province of the nationally renowned black fur sheep species.
The county has built 1679 high-standard barns, 186,000 square meters, grassland construction to achieve the four supporting. Fenced pasture 3,426,000 acres, 390,400 acres of artificial grass, 100 percent of the county's pastoral households to realize the settlement. At the same time, unremittingly carry out the prevention and control of animal disease and extermination of pasture rodent and insect pests, has eliminated rinderpest, sheep pox, cattle and sheep brucellosis and many other diseases.
The county's existing arable land area of 313,600 acres, mainly distributed in the Yellow River tributaries alluvial zone, fertile soil, irrigation is convenient. Mainly planted rape, wheat and barley, when the summer and fall, wheat waves rolling, golden waves, rape fragrance, bee flying butterflies, a harvest scene. Guinan is one of the major oilseed rape production areas in Qinghai Province, reaching an annual output of 26 million pounds. The rape honey here is famous for its high yield and excellent quality both inside and outside the province, with about 1.85 million pounds of honey, 1,700 pounds of pollen and 1,600 pounds of royal jelly available for processing every year.
Water development
Guinan County is rich in hydropower resources, the Yellow River runs through the northern part of the county, forming many deep gorges. The famous Yangqu Gorge of the Yellow River has a large drop and narrow span, and is rich in water, making it an ideal place to build a medium-sized hydropower station. In addition, there are also five rivers such as Mangla River, which are running rapidly and rich in water energy, with huge development potential, and the Mangla Gorge Hydropower Station is being planned for construction. The county's theoretical hydropower reserves of 54,990 kilowatts, can be developed hydroelectric resources 10,400 kilowatts, has developed 2,800 kilowatts.
Economic development
In 2005, the county's GDP is expected to reach 326.77 million yuan, two consecutive years to maintain double-digit growth; agriculture and animal husbandry foundation position has been further strengthened, agricultural and animal husbandry structural adjustment of the first results, further optimization of the breeding structure has been initially formed in the grass industry, facilities for animal husbandry, Chinese and Tibetan medicinal herbs cultivation of the three major characteristic industries. Among them, the development of grass industry is the most prominent, cumulative completion of 330,000 acres of artificial grassland, annual planting of more than 580,000 acres of current year pasture, animal husbandry production mode has begun to change from the original rough quantity type to scientific and efficient ecological type. To feed captive breeding, fattening out of the main mode of operation to promote the full range of modern animal husbandry production and operation to form a scale.
Guinan County to the development of water conservancy economy, to solve the agricultural and pastoral areas of production and living water adhere to the water first, the rational development of water resources, the basic formation of flood control, irrigation, soil and water conservation, water supply and power generation, drinking water for humans and animals, and other categories of water conservancy system. Whether deep in the grassland, or in the villages and farms, you can see clear tap water everywhere, and the coverage rate of drinking water pipeline network for human and livestock reaches 71%. To speed up the pace of construction of well-off, realize the efficiency of agriculture and animal husbandry, farmers and herdsmen to increase income plays an important role.
With the deepening of reform and opening up, Guinan's industrial enterprises to actively implement the reform of the modern enterprise system, the implementation of cross-region, cross-industry horizontal integration, to achieve better economic results. A number of industrial enterprises with a certain scale and local characteristics continue to develop, the industrial base has been consolidated and developed, the main products are Tibetan carpets and grass products. Guinan county vigorously support, introduce, set up leading enterprises and individual private enterprises, development and production of perennial grass forage grass green hay bale, the current year oats green hay bale, bean gramineous green hay and grass particles, leguminous high-density green hay bale, awnless freckle silage forage grass five series of grass products, grass products are in short supply, the economic benefits are very obvious, and with the foreign provinces, the state and other places of the customer signed a long-term supply and marketing agreement, so that grass The industry has become a pillar industry in Guinan, and a bright spot for farmers and herdsmen to increase their income. Grass industry flourished, so that the animal husbandry production mode to achieve a change, has basically formed a grass - fattening - trafficking - income industry chain.
The non-public economy and private economy are developing rapidly, the market is booming and the economy is active. There is a wide array of items with local characteristics, enhancing market vitality. Urban and rural people's living standards continue to improve, consumer attitudes and consumption levels have undergone profound changes, computers and private cars began to become the new favorite of ordinary people's families. The per capita housing area in the county's cities and towns is 13.9 square meters, and all the herdsmen have been settled. Social security system continues to improve, the urban "low security" to realize should be insured as much as possible.
Transportation and communication
Transportation has been rapid development, the state, county, township three-level highway to achieve the main road black, county highway mileage of 956 kilometers, has realized the county and township highway grade. Provincial highway Xijiu highway and three Gui, **** Gui (over the horse camp) three levels of county highway through the county, to the provincial highway as the backbone of the local highway for the pulse of the transportation network crisscrossed, well-connected, the rural implementation of the village sandy road, village road hardening project, agricultural and pastoral areas of transportation difficulties have been fundamentally resolved.
Postal and communications business is developing rapidly, the postal route to all parts of the country, the townships have opened up the program-controlled telephone, mobile communications covering the county's six townships, rural and pastoral masses in the home can be friends and relatives around the country to talk to catch up.
Social undertakings
Guinan County is one of the key counties of the national sand control, the county party committee, the county government to establish the ecological county, ecological county, ecological strong governance ideas, so that the county's ecological governance into a brand-new stage, has completed the return of cultivated land to forests and grassland, the protection of natural forests, forestation, small watersheds, desertification control, such as the ecological governance of the backbone of the investment of more than 170 million yuan of projects. Every year the military and civilian **** build 10,000 acres of forest activities mass participation in a large number of people, momentum, effective, the former yellow sandy Huangshatou area, now green shade, a vibrant scene. Doshi Ze ditch, sand ditch, Mangla ditch basin gully after years of grass planting, has formed three green corridor.
The healthy development of national education, basic education has been comprehensively strengthened, urban and rural school conditions have improved significantly, modern teaching equipment into rural schools. All levels and types of schools in the county reached 69, the school enrollment rate of school-age children reached 99.4%, the consolidation rate increased to 99.6%, was named by the Ministry of Education as the national "six" advanced county and the national literacy advanced region; cultural undertakings flourish, make full use of and develop folk cultural resources, to create a market for the cultural industry, and widely carry out cultural exchanges. The cultural undertakings are developing vigorously, making full use of and developing folk cultural resources, creating a cultural industry market, carrying out extensive cultural exchanges, and carrying out diversified and colorful mass cultural and sports activities, with two cultural townships and eight well-off cultural villages established. Guinan County conscientiously implement the strategy of science and technology to develop the county, increase the farmers and herdsmen to promote practical technology, popularization efforts, and achieved good economic benefits; the county's health care cause steady development. County as the center, township as the hub, village-based three-tier medical preventive health care network has been improved and perfected, with the major disease co-ordination based on the new cooperative medical system in rural and pastoral areas has been gradually established, effectively solving the problem of the masses difficult to see a doctor, built up a solid barrier to the health care of farmers and herdsmen, opened up a new situation in the development of rural and pastoral medical care and health care undertakings. Guinan County also highlights the role of Tibetan medicine in rural and pastoral health work, accelerates the construction of the three-tier network of Tibetan medicine, expands the service area of Tibetan medicine, and forms a development pattern integrating Tibetan medicine diagnosis and treatment, Tibetan medicine teaching, Tibetan medicine bathing, and Tibetan medicine processing; family-planning work adheres to the "three mains" and "three combinations" policy, and vigorously popularizes family-planning work, and also promotes the "three combinations" policy. "policy, vigorously popularize family planning knowledge, give full play to the county, township, village-level service network, thus improving the enthusiasm and initiative of the masses to implement family planning, population growth rate controlled within 22‰; rapid development of radio and television broadcasting, radio and television "village to village" project, the party and the government's voice transmitted to every deep grassland. The voice of the party and the government to the grasslands deep in every farming household pastoral tent, and transmit a variety of information about wealth, farmers and herdsmen are also concerned about changes in the outside world through radio and television, to understand the development of the motherland. The county's radio coverage rate of 100%, TV population coverage rate of 98%.
The county capital of Mangla Chontal is surrounded by mountains and water, green trees, surrounded by rapeseed flowers. The rapid development of urban construction, street layout neat and beautiful, a variety of buildings in a row, restaurants, hotels gathered, is the county's political, economic and cultural center. Newly constructed county party committee, county government office building, the National People's Congress and the CPPCC office building, the court procuratorate office building rose, majestic and solemn. Courtyard construction spacious and generous, green grass, elegant and quiet office space, in the state and even the province are little known.
Guinan County continues to increase the party building work, the full implementation of the "Three Represents" important thought, seriously implement the "People's Project", the party's style of construction has been strengthened, "star dynamic quantitative management "Star dynamic quantitative management", "three-level joint creation" activities are solid and effective, the cohesion and combat effectiveness of grass-roots organizations has been significantly strengthened. Cadre and personnel system reform to speed up the pace of cadres, cadre force structure to further optimize the overall quality of further improve. A large number of cadres with outstanding performance, moral integrity and talent, especially ethnic minority cadres, young cadres and women cadres, stood out and grew strong, and took up leadership positions at all levels.
While material civilization has achieved remarkable results, the construction of spiritual civilization in urban and rural areas has been remarkable. With the accelerated pace of cultural construction in rural and pastoral areas, various types of propaganda and cultural centers, propaganda and cultural compounds, propaganda and cultural stations, has become the main position for the construction of spiritual civilization in the rural and pastoral areas, and the creation of civilized units, advanced collectives, the five good families, as well as "civilized campus", "10-star "Civilized farmers and herdsmen have become a trend.
The "Fourth Five-Year Plan" of universal law work in-depth advancement, the county and the rule of law in accordance with morality to increase the efforts of the county, the comprehensive management of social security to achieve practical results, the party's ethnic and religious policies to be fully realized, the construction of democracy and the rule of law is comprehensively strengthened. The creation of national unity and progress model county activities in Guinan land flourished, where the various ethnic groups mutual solidarity and unity, living in harmony, *** with the construction of this land full of vitality, with hard work and sweat to draw the future and hope of this golden land.
Tourism
Guinan County is a vast, magnificent mountains and rivers, cultural splendor, treasures, simple style. Nature gives Guinan a majestic and magnificent, magical and unique plateau scenery. Mangmang Doshi Ze mountain stretches across which, trickling Mangqu like white Hadar meandering flow; Ju Bu, Moqu original forests dense stretches, high cliffs, pines and cypresses, lush, verdant and beautiful. The famous straight Ohai Snow Mountain snow-capped, silver spirit, snow mountain top of the "Silver Tso Sacred Lake" lake water is clear, Longchi Lingchu, Biyi long day, beautiful and fascinating, around the cliffs and cliffs of thousands of strange, the scenery is very spectacular, magical, is the tourism and leisure and outdoor adventure resorts, the local folk there are many beautiful and touching legend; Guinan County Buddhist culture Long-established, the county **** there are 18 large and small monasteries, which, known in the region of Amdo's famous Tibetan Buddhist resorts Tashu Temple, Lu Cang Temple, golden tiles, blue eaves, morning bells and evening drums. Monastery annually held chanting, sun Buddha and other legal affairs, believers from all directions gathered here, to participate in a variety of Buddhist activities, the scene is very grand and spectacular, full of mysterious Buddhist colors; carrying the history of the La Bhai Qi family culture, Kayo cultural heritage has a national impact.
Guinan County within the territory of a wide variety of wild plants, a variety of medicinal resources. There are mainly medicinal plants with high economic value such as Cordyceps Sinensis, Snowdrops, Bayberry, Ephedra, Macrophyllum, Gentiana, Cuckoo, Rhubarb, Qiangwu, Astragalus and so on. Winter worm, summer grass has traditionally been regarded as a good tonic and enjoys a good reputation in the international market. Ferns, mushrooms and other local specialties are also important economic resources. There are wild animals such as horse deer and musk which produce valuable medicinal herbs; there are black bears, grass leopards, snow leopards, lynxes, foxes, stone sheep, pan sheep, yellow sheep, wolves, dry otters, etc., which produce valuable fur; and there are valuable birds such as eagles, prairie larks, larks, snow fowls, horse chickens, pheasants and stone chickens. A considerable part of these wildlife resources is the state allows the development and utilization of resources, urgently need to be scientifically developed and utilized.
History
Anciently a Qiang land, Jin belonged to the Tugu Hunn, Sui and Tang belonged to the Water River County, the Five Dynasties to Song belonged to the Gouzhou, Yuan and Ming belonged to the Guide, Qing belonged to the Guide Hall. Republic of China two years (1913) to thirty-three years (1949) belongs to the Guide County, Tongde County, *** and County, Nanping set up the Bureau. 1953 from the Guide County analyzed set up Guinan County, under the Hainan Tibetan autonomous region (state).
2000, Guinan County jurisdiction 6 townships, the county government stationed in Mangla Qiongtuo (La Bhai township jurisdiction). According to the fifth census data: the county's total population of 63,579 people, of which the population of the townships (people): La Yihai Township 7613 Sengduo Township 11776 Mangla Township 6778 Tashiu Township 8232 over the Horse camp township 11305 Shagou Township 7393 Manglajongtuo unapproved township 4675 Guinan Ranch Virtual Township 5807
In January 9, 2001, the People's Government of Qinghai Province, Qingzheng letter [ 2001] No. 6 approved the work of the Government of the People's Republic of China. 2001] No. 6 approved: the abolition of Guinan County, La Bhai Township, set up and named Mangqu Township; abolition of the past horse camp township, set up the past horse camp township.
At the end of 2001, the county has jurisdiction over 2 towns, 4 townships, 1 neighborhood committee, 73 villages (pastoral) committee.
Mangqu Town in Wubao Bay, jurisdiction of 1 neighborhood committee: Chengguan, 10 village committees: Pleiades, Shala, Tolle, Dayu, Gatuohu, Hazhou, feltsmiths, Tawao, on the Jiangdang, Narayan.
Passing the horse camp town in passing the mang, jurisdiction over 11 village (pastoral) Committee: passing the mang, cheza, shaga, mashkan, luojia, role, Zhihai, dala, dora, chanaihe, day anxiu ma.
Mangla Township in Chatan Tang, jurisdiction over 13 village committees: Ketu, Tulu, Guo La, Lagan, Magtang, Kangwu Yang, under the Jiangdang, Dulan, Chatan Tang, on the Lokwah, Lokwah under the Lokwah, Guo Yuhu, Wo Ran.
Ta Xiu township stationed in Qu Bu Zangka, jurisdiction over 8 village (pastoral) Committee: Ta Xiu, Gong wow, Zi Ha, Gashi, Dalong, Xige, Damang, Za days.
Sendo Township in Quguo Qiongwang, jurisdiction over 16 villages (pastoral) Committee: Yuanyi, Rimang, Gongwu, Gashang, S meat, Benlong, Dulong, Nimalong, Gadang, Saiyang, Kaga, Xibarayan, Ruxiu Ma, Tawao, Zash to, finish the show.
Shagou Township stationed in Guo Renduo, jurisdiction over 15 village committees: Guo Renduo, Shi Naihe, Dongjian, Luohuaxiang, Demang, Sai Shitang, Wangshike, Chana, Shiyi, Gaba, Juhula, Donggoyang, Lazha, Guo Le, Guantang.
Township profile
Mangqu Town Mangqu Zhen is located in the southern part of the county, the county seat. Population 0.7 million, mainly Han Chinese, and Hui, Tibet, soil and other minorities, Hui accounted for 26% of the total population, Tibetan 22%. Area of 120 square kilometers. Jurisdiction of the river state, felt, plus Tu Hu, Dayu, Shala, Tolle, Ang Suo, Tawao, on the river when the 10 village committees. 1949 for the Tongde County, the first district of La Yi Hai Township, 1958 by the Tongde County to Guinan County, 1959 and the Shagou Township merged with the Shagou commune, 1961 changed to La Yi Gou Township, the same year changed to La Yi Hai Commune, 1984 changed to La Yi Hai township (La Yi Hai) Xiang. 2001, changed to La Yi Hai township (La Yi Hai). In 2001, it was changed to Mangqu Township, with 1 neighborhood committee and 10 village committees under its jurisdiction.
The town of Guo Ma Ying Zhen is located in the eastern part of the county, 78 kilometers from the county seat. Population of 11,000, mainly Tibetan, accounting for 94% of the total population. Area 0.2 million square kilometers. Jurisdiction over the Mang, Shagar, Ma Shigan, Cheza, Dala, Dora, Rian Xiu Ma, role, live plus, Cha Nai Hai, Zhi Hai 11 villages (pastoral) Committee. 1954 belongs to the Xia Shiduo District, 1958 withdrew from the district to build the Xia Shiduo Township, 1959 and Zhi nuclear township merger set up by the Horse camp commune, 1963 changed to the Horse camp township, 1969 and changed to the Horse camp commune, 1984 resumption of the name of the Horse camp township. In 2001, it was changed to Gaomaying.
Mang La Xiang is located in the western part of the county, 15 kilometers from the county capital. Population 0.7 million, mainly Tibetan, accounting for 94% of the total population. Area 132 square kilometers. Jurisdiction but Dan Tang, on the Luo wow, under the Luo wow, Ke Zhou, all Lan, not Ran, Guo La, Tu Lu, Kang Wu Yang, under the Jiang Dang, Guo Yu Hu, Ma Ketang, pull in 13 village committees. 1953 set up the La Qu Hui Autonomous Region in 1956 changed to the La Qu Hui Township, 1959 changed to set up the Mang La Commune in 1963 was changed to the La Qu Township in 1965 will be the Jiang Dang, Luo wow 2 communes merged into the Mang La Commune in 1984 changed to the Mang La Township. In 1984, it was changed to Mangla Township.
Seng Duo Xiang is located in the southern part of the county, 16 kilometers away from the county seat. The population is 0.9 million, mainly Tibetan, accounting for 99% of the total population. Area 0.3 million square kilometers. Jurisdiction Zashig, Rimang, Gadang, Sai Chung, Qingke sheep, work wow, Minmayong, Yuanyi, Lu Xiu Ma, S meat, Kaga, finish show, Gashang, Benlong, Duolong, Tawao 16 villages (pastoral) Committee. 1955 Sen Duo District, 1958 withdrew from the district to set up Sen Duo Township, in 1959 changed to Sen Duo Commune, in 1963 changed to Sen Duo Township, in 1969 changed to Sen Duo Commune, in 1984 changed to Sen Duo Township.
Sha Gou Xiang is located in the northern part of the county, 91 kilometers away from the county seat. Population 0.7 million, mainly Tibetan, accounting for 82% of the total population. Area of 424 square kilometers. Jurisdiction GuoRenDuo, DongGuoYang, ShiNaiHai, ShiYi, LuoHeXiang, Lazha, GuoLe, JuHuLa, DeMang, DongJeJiang, GuanTang, chana, river QianKe, wahlangGaBa, SaiTang 15 village committees. 1958 built shagou township, 1959 changed to set up shagou commune, 1965 changed to shagou township, 1969 changed to shagou commune, 1984 changed to shagou township.
Ta Xiu Xiang is located in the southwest of the county, 26 kilometers from the county seat. Population 0.6 million, mainly Tibetan, accounting for 99% of the total population. Area 0.2 million square kilometers. Jurisdiction of Tashiu, Gashi, Dalong, Xige, Zarigang, Damang, Ziha, Gongwu 8 villages (pastoral) Committee. 1954 belongs to the Tashiu District, 1958 withdrew from the district to set up the Tashiu Township, later changed to Tashiu Commune, changed to the Tashiu Township in 1963, changed to the Tashiu Commune in 1969, changed to the Tashiu Township in 1984.
In October 2020, Guinan County was selected to the list of the first batch of national digital village pilot areas.
On January 3, 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development recognized Guinan County as the third batch of demonstration counties (cities and districts) in the country to take the lead in basically realizing the mechanization of the whole process of major crop production.
On December 20, 2016, the National People's Committee named Guinan County as the fourth batch of national model units for national unity and progress creation activities.
In July 2016, Guinan County was honored with the title of 2016 National Model City (County) of Double Embrace.