With the development of modern science and technology, there are more and more kinds of counterfeit and altered currencies. At present, the forged and altered RMB found in China can be roughly divided into the following categories:
(-) Forged currency: refers to all kinds of counterfeit money that are copied as they are and illegally copied again by various means. According to its forgery means and methods, there are the following types:
1, hand-painted or hand-printed counterfeit money. This is a counterfeit currency with backward means and poor quality. It is printed with hand-carved plastic and wood plates, and the quality of counterfeit money is very poor. This kind of counterfeit money is common all over the country. The quantity of each kind is not large. Characterized by backward means of counterfeiting, poor plate-making materials, common writing paper and ordinary offset paper on the market. Pigment is also a painting pigment sold in the market, so counterfeit money is of poor quality and easy to identify. The victims are generally farmers, self-employed, small traders, the elderly and children with low education.
2. Counterfeit money forged by general office tools. This kind of counterfeit money is most commonly copied by a black-and-white or color copier, and its main feature is that the lines are generally not smooth and tidy; Especially when you look at it with a magnifying glass, you will find burrs and a small amount of toner in the blank position. Some high-quality copiers copy fakes that are almost the same as the real ones after being colored, which is deceptive to some extent. But as long as you identify it carefully, it is still easy to find. Because this kind of counterfeit money is still relatively rough in general, it is obviously different from the main characteristics of real money. Because the printing process and toner used in the copier are completely different from the ink of the printing machine used in the banknote printing factory, the difference between the copied products is also obvious. Because the copier uses the electrostatic principle to expose the toner and copy it in a certain position, which is different from printing. Secondly, because the copier is baked and melted with solid black and pink, the lines are not very clean and tidy. The printed lines are smooth and uniform in color. Even if the copy quality is high and the lines are clear to the naked eye, a small amount of toner can be observed in the blank. After mastering these characteristics, we can identify the copied counterfeit money more accurately.
3. Counterfeit money made with small printing equipment. This kind of counterfeit money is mainly made by photography and letterpress printing, which is refined in quality and more deceptive than manual description. However, due to its backward equipment, the conditions of printing and plate making and the raw materials used are limited to some extent, and it is still not as good as real money. But at present, China's printing industry is developing rapidly, especially some small printing houses of township enterprises are also involved in printing counterfeit money. The counterfeit money printed by this printing factory is more deceptive.
4. Mechanism counterfeit money. The so-called mechanism counterfeit currency is the currency forged by modern plate-making and printing equipment. In recent years, several cases of extra-large counterfeit money have been discovered one after another, which is very harmful to society. This kind of counterfeit money mainly flows in from Hong Kong and Taiwan, which is more realistic and has many versions. As long as you master this difference, it is not difficult to identify this counterfeit currency. For example, the "watermark" of this kind of counterfeit money is mostly printed and can be seen in opaque. Its paper will fluoresce under purple light, and the lines are mostly point-like structures. 1983 hong kong's offset ten-yuan counterfeit banknotes were found in Guangdong, in August 1987 in Shenzhen, and in March 9 1 in Beijing. This part of counterfeit money is difficult to identify because of its high quality. As far as we know, there are three main types.
(1) The third set of RMB 10 yuan coupons and RMB 1 yuan coupons of Taiwan Province Province Edition. Its printing and plate-making process is similar to that of China banknote printing factory. From the appearance, it is also very similar to real money, such as gravure printing, which is very close in texture and color; From the paper, there is also a watermark. Identification is more difficult. However, this kind of counterfeit money also has its obvious characteristics. For example, hand-carved portrait pictures do not match the real money and need to be carefully observed with a magnifying glass. Another difference lies in: First, the quality of paper is different from real money. For example, when real money is brand new, it can make a crisp sound, while counterfeit money sounds dull, and its smoothness and crispness are not as good as real money. Second, the Tiananmen watermark on the fake ten-dollar coupon paper has a slightly poor definition. Third, the colors of the ink are not exactly the same. If the back of a ten-dollar coupon is reddish brown, then the red color is not exactly the same. Fourthly, the wiring technology of flat relief board. Careful observation reveals that this technology has not been applied to counterfeit money in Taiwan Province Province. The most important difference is that the wiring is not connected, but the real money is connected. If you master this, it will be easier to identify.
② Hong Kong version of the third set of RMB 10 yuan coupons. This kind of counterfeit money is completely offset printing, which is characterized by no gravure printing effect, smooth feel and no outstanding feel effect of real money gravure printing. In the pattern, it is a continuous line structure rather than a point structure, which is mainly not a common offset color separation, but a manual color separation. The wiring is not connected correctly, and the color-changing part is very different. Another point is that the image landscape of the gravure part is seriously distorted through the process of photo remake, that is to say, the color of the picture changes from dark to light. Paper is common offset paper with bright fluorescence. Judging from the watermark, it is printed on the front with an almost white ink, and the watermark under the purple light is very dark.
③ 100 yuan counterfeit currency. At present, a large number of counterfeit coins of 100 yuan have been found:/kloc-0 found one batch in Shenzhen in August 1987, the second batch in Beijing in March 1988, Jiangxi in September 1998, Henan in May 2000 and Guangdong in June. These counterfeit money cases are basically the same in terms of the means and characteristics of counterfeiting. But it may not be a set of versions, and there are some subtle differences. Their main features are:
First, use ordinary offset paper. There is obvious fluorescence under the purple light lamp, and the watermark on the face is printed on the back with light ink, which is obviously different from the real ticket. Especially under the purple light lamp, you will find that the water printed with this light ink is dark, which is black compared with the fluorescence of the paper itself. Compared with the portrait watermark on real money, it is easy to identify.
Followed by four-color offset printing with photographic color separation or electronic color separation. This kind of counterfeit money has the largest quantity, high forgery level and the greatest danger. Its forgery means is the most conventional offset printing method. One of the characteristics is that people's pictures and flower patterns are point-like structures. Its color is overprinted with four colors of Huang Honglan Black, while the printing of RMB is printed with ink of any color on the face. Therefore, the color patterns of RMB are all linear structures. The second watermark is made by pasting paste between two layers of paper, stamping the watermark head with a die and pasting it. Watermark part of the paper is thicker.
Thirdly, the safety thread is made of plastic thread pressed in two layers of paper, which is knotted due to uneven cutting. In addition, counterfeit currency numbers are repeatedly printed. Recognizing these characteristics, it is relatively easy to identify offset counterfeit money.
5. Counterfeit money copied with chemicals. It is usually called coin rubbing. It is characterized by less ink and light weight. The design looks exquisite and beautiful, as if it had been washed, which is deceptive to ordinary people.
(2) Coin change: refers to counterfeit money based on real money or with real money as the basic material, which is processed by means of digging, splicing, altering and uncovering, etc., so as to change the quantity and form of the original money and realize appreciation. Its main feature is that the ticket face is incomplete. For example, the mosaic coupon is a combination of multiple coupons, the page-turning coupon has no front or back, and the numbers and characters of the mining coupon are changed.
Second, the identification method of RMB authenticity
To identify the authenticity of banknotes, we must be familiar with the characteristics of genuine banknotes and the main anti-counterfeiting technologies. Its identification methods mainly include the following:
1, tell the truth by looking, touching and listening. So far, the vast majority of counterfeit money we have discovered and cracked have been discovered in this way. Therefore, this method is more effective in recognition.
① Look: Look at whether the watermark of the banknote is clear, layered and stereoscopic; Look at the safety line; See if the whole face is single or color cast; Look at the face microform and invisible face value figures.
② Touch by hand: If the fourth set of RMB 2 yuan and above coupons adopts intaglio engraving printing technology, touch whether the lines of face words and main patterns are concave and convex.
③ Listen: banknote paper is a special kind of paper, which is quite stiff and folding-resistant. It will make a crisp sound by hand.
2. Use pen extension and ruler to distinguish authenticity.
① Pen extension: extend the watermark outline with thin paper and soft pencil.
② ruler measurement: measure the size of banknotes with a ruler. Such as the fourth set of RMB:
100 yuan coupon specification: 165x77(mm)
50 yuan coupon specification: 160x77 (mm)
The fifth set of RMB:
100 yuan coupon specification: 155x77(mm)
3. Identify the authenticity with the help of testing instruments.
When the above method is difficult to identify the authenticity, it needs to be identified with the help of testing instruments. Simply look at it with a magnifying glass to see if its lines and patterns are the same as real money. You can also use a magnetic detector and purple light to detect whether there is a magnetic reaction on the magnetic imprint, and whether there is an abnormal fluorescent reaction under colorless fluorescent patterns and purple light. For example, the fifth set of RMB 100 yuan security thread security measures are micro-character plus magnetism, horizontal number is magnetism, and bicolor fiber is red and blue.