Your condition is embedded in the myometrium of uterus, which is one of the adverse reactions after placing intrauterine device.
IUD is a small IUD containing plastic and copper, which is widely used among women who have given birth in China, accounting for 40% of all contraceptive methods. According to different types, IUD can be placed for more than 5- 10 years, and the contraceptive efficiency is 94%-97%. However, the traditional IUD does have its disadvantages:
Pregnancy with a ring may occur; Ring shedding may occur; There may be side effects such as excessive menstrual flow and prolonged bleeding time, with an incidence of 5-10%; Pain in lower abdomen, lumbosacral region and sexual pain can occur, and the incidence rate is 10%.
In view of the shortcomings of IUD, experts at home and abroad are trying to improve it to reduce the side effects of IUD. For example, drugs are added to the IUD to reduce bleeding and relieve the pain after the IUD is released; Change the shape of the ring to reduce the shedding of the ring and so on.
The contraceptive mechanism of IUD is to change the intrauterine environment, reduce sperm mobility and fertility, and prevent fertilized eggs from implanting in endometrium. Usage: put it within 7 days of menstruation or 6 weeks after delivery.
Intrauterine contraceptive ring is a kind of contraceptive device placed in uterine cavity, which belongs to long-term contraceptive measures. Intrauterine devices have been used for contraception for more than 90 years.
1. Action mechanism of intrauterine device
As a foreign body, intrauterine device (IUD) causes obvious aseptic inflammatory reaction in uterus, which shows a large number of white blood cells and phagocytes. The mechanical damage of intrauterine device to endometrium can also stimulate the production of prostaglandin in endometrium, and increase the contents of enzymes and immunoglobulin in uterus. The change of biochemical environment in uterine cavity makes the maturation of embryonic cells out of sync with endometrium, thus affecting the implantation of fertilized eggs. In addition to the above functions, copper in intrauterine devices is toxic to sperm and blastocysts. Copper will kill sperm, make it lose its fertilization ability, and also reduce the content of enzymes necessary for embryo implantation, which will affect implantation.
The main function of releasing progesterone intrauterine device is to make endometrial glands shrink, and the stroma have decidual reaction, which interferes with and destroys the synchronization of fertilization and implantation. Progesterone inhibits ovulation, which can thicken cervical mucus, affect sperm entering uterine cavity, and further enhance contraceptive effect.
2. Selection of storage time
1). 3-5 days or 3-7 days after menstruation.
2). For those with delayed menstruation or amenorrhea during lactation, early pregnancy should be ruled out before placing intrauterine devices.
3) Placed immediately after induced abortion and curettage.
4) After 42 days after delivery, after spontaneous abortion, or after induced labor in the second trimester and formal clearance, there shall be no potential infection or bleeding.
5). After half a year of cesarean section, it must be pointed out that vaginal delivery and cesarean section, placing intrauterine devices after placenta delivery, inducing labor in the second trimester and placing them after curettage must be carried out in hospitals at or above the county level.
Step 3 instruct
All women of childbearing age who have no contraindications can be placed.
4. Contraindications
1). Anyone who is pregnant or suspected of being pregnant.
2). There are also serious systemic acute and chronic diseases, such as heart failure, severe anemia, hemorrhagic diseases and the acute phase of various diseases.
3) Inflammation of reproductive organs, such as vulvitis, vaginitis, severe cervical erosion, acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, etc.
4). Menstruation, frequency or irregular vaginal bleeding.
5). Tumors of reproductive organs, such as hysteromyoma and ovarian tumors.
6). Genital malformations, such as double uterus, uterine diaphragm, double horn uterus, etc.
7). The cervix is slack or severely torn, and those with severe uterine prolapse should not be placed.
8). If the uterine cavity is less than 5.5mm or more than 9mm, it should not be placed (except in the case of induced abortion).
9). Excessive bleeding after induced abortion or possible pregnancy tissue residue.
10). Placed 42 days after delivery, such as lochia or perineal wound, should not be placed temporarily.
1 1). Placement of placenta after delivery during delivery or cesarean section is not suitable for people with potential infection or bleeding, such as premature rupture of membranes, prenatal bleeding, polyhydramnios or a history of twins.
Step 5 move
1). Instructions
(1) has side effects or complications and is ineffective after treatment.
(2) Planned pregnancy and intrauterine device pregnancy (intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy).
(3) Need to be replaced due (including changing other birth control methods, such as sterilization).
2). Take time out
(1) 3-7 days after menstruation. If uterine bleeding needs to be removed, it should be removed after anti-inflammation, and diagnostic curettage should be carried out at the same time, and the curettage should be sent to pathological examination as far as possible (diagnostic curettage is not allowed if the injury is suspicious).
(2) For patients with menstrual disorder, the device can be removed before menstruation for diagnostic curettage, and the endometrium can be taken for pathological examination.
(3) If induced abortion is needed for pregnancy with IUD, the IUD should be removed at the same time. According to the position of the IUD, the IUD can be taken out first and then sucked out, or sucked out first and then taken out. Individual full-term pregnancy or mid-term induced labor with IUD should pay attention to whether the IUD is discharged during delivery. If it is not discharged, it can be taken after uterine cavity exploration or uterine contraction.
6. Side effects of IUD release and removal
General reaction (1) After placing the IUD, there may be a small amount of bloody secretion, which usually lasts for 3-7 days, or accompanied by abdominal pain or back pain. It usually heals itself without treatment. This may be caused by slight damage to endometrium during intrauterine device placement, or by uterine contraction caused by intrauterine device placement. After placement, leucorrhea or a small amount of bleeding may occur if you are overtired. At this time, it can be treated with general hemostatic drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs.
(2) During the operation of cardio-cerebral syndrome, a few patients with IUD have bradycardia, arrhythmia, blood pressure drop, pallor, dizziness, chest tightness, even sweating and vomiting due to mental stress or local stimulation (such as cervical dilatation). In severe cases, they may faint or even twitch. The appearance of this series of symptoms is called cardiocerebral syndrome. Although it rarely happens in clinic, it can not be ignored. Once it happens, it should be dealt with in time. See Section 5 for the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebral syndrome.
(3) Abnormal menstruation is the most common side effect after placing IUD, and it is the main reason for stopping using IUD, and its incidence rate is about 5%. 10%。 It can be manifested as menorrhagia, prolonged bleeding time, dripping or irregular bleeding, and less menstrual cycle changes. The cause of bleeding is not completely clear.