1. New Rural Cooperative Medical Care (New Rural Cooperative Medical Care): The New Rural Cooperative Medical Care (NRCMC) is the main form of medical security for rural residents in China. It is voluntarily participated by farmers, with premiums paid by both the government and individuals***, and provides services such as basic medical insurance, major disease insurance and medical assistance.
2. Basic Medical Insurance for Rural Residents: In addition to the New Farmers' Cooperative, basic medical insurance for rural residents has been introduced in some areas. This kind of insurance is mainly funded by local governments and provides basic medical protection for rural residents.
3. Medical aid for the poor: For the special hardship group, China has set up a medical aid system for the rural poor. This system is mainly through the government subsidies, medical aid funds, etc., to provide medical expenses for the poor people.
4. Construction of rural health service system: In order to improve the level of rural medical protection, China has also increased the construction of rural health service system. This includes strengthening the construction and renovation of rural health centers, improving the level of medical equipment and personnel, and promoting the development of primary medical institutions.
Overall, the rural medical security system currently being implemented in China is in the process of continuous improvement and development. Through a variety of policies and measures, the government has endeavored to raise the level of medical protection for rural residents, ensuring that they can enjoy basic medical services and protection. However, there are still some problems, such as uneven levels of protection and insufficient medical resources. Therefore, we need to further increase policy support and strengthen the construction and management of the rural medical security system, in order to raise the level of medical security for rural residents and realize the goal of universal health security.
Development and Challenges of the Rural Medical Security System
With the implementation of China's rural medical security system, a series of development and challenges have come up. In terms of development, the rural medical security system has continued to improve, the scope of coverage has expanded, and the number of insured people has increased year by year. The government has increased its investment in rural medical security, improving the quality and accessibility of medical services. At the same time, the burden of medical expenses on rural residents has been eased to some extent, and the medical security system has played a positive role.
However, the rural medical insurance system still faces some challenges. First, there is a relative lack of medical resources in rural areas, and the level of medical services is not high, which leads to the problem of rural residents' difficulties in accessing medical care. Second, the operation mechanism of the rural medical security system is not perfect enough, with problems such as information asymmetry and cumbersome reimbursement processes, which affect residents' motivation to participate in the insurance and the efficiency of reimbursement of medical expenses. In addition, rural residents do not have enough knowledge and awareness of the medical insurance system, and there is a low participation rate.
In order to solve these challenges, it is necessary to further strengthen the construction of medical resources in rural areas, improve the level of medical services, and ensure that rural residents can enjoy high-quality medical services. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of the rural medical insurance system, and improve residents' awareness and knowledge of the insurance. In addition, it should further simplify the reimbursement process, improve the efficiency of reimbursement, and reduce the economic burden of residents.
Legal basis:
Law of the People's Republic of China on Basic Medical Care and Health Promotion:
Chapter X Supplement Article 108 Provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, and cities and autonomous prefectures which have set up districts may, in conjunction with the actual situation, formulate their own specific measures for the development of medical care and health.