No matter whether there is obvious blood, pollution or incomplete contact with skin and mucosa, people who come into contact with the above substances must take preventive measures.
Combined with many characteristics of general prevention and isolation of substances in the body, it is concluded that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are contagious and need to be isolated.
No matter whether there is obvious blood pollution or incomplete contact with skin and mucosa, people who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. According to the route of transmission, contact isolation, droplet isolation and air isolation are successful and effective measures to prevent hospital infection.
Standard preventive operation principle:
1, the standard prevention is aimed at the whole process of all operations of patients.
2, regardless of whether the patient is diagnosed or can be infected with infectious diseases.
3. Basic measures such as washing hands, wearing gloves, wearing isolation gown, wearing eye masks and masks.
4, may come into contact with the patient's body fluids blood operation must wear gloves.
5. Wash your hands after taking off gloves after operation, and disinfect your hands when necessary.
6. Blood and body fluids may splash on the face of medical staff: wear an impermeable mask and protective glasses.
7. It is possible that blood and body fluids will splash and pollute the body in a large area: wear an impermeable isolation gown or apron.
8, hand skin injury may contact the patient's blood and body fluids: wear double gloves.
9, wearing gloves in the process of operation, should avoid contaminated gloves contact with clean areas or items.
10, invasive diagnosis and treatment, nursing operation process:
(1) Ensure sufficient light.
② Pay special attention to prevent from being stabbed/scratched by sharp instruments such as needles, sewing needles and blades.
1 1. Stab prevention of sharp instruments after use:
(1) Put it directly into the stab-proof and leak-proof sharps box.
② Use syringes and infusion sets with safety performance.
12, immediately clean up the polluted environment.
13, disposable needles should not be put on the needle cover again after use.
14, direct contact with used needles and blades by hands is prohibited.
15 to ensure the proper disposal of wastes.
① People who transport wastes must wear thick latex cleaning gloves.
② Protective glasses must be worn when handling body fluid waste.
Preventive measures:
1. Hand washing: When it may be contaminated after contact with blood, body fluids, excreta and secretions, wash your hands after taking off gloves or use quick hand disinfectant.
2. Gloves: gloves should be worn when contacting blood, body fluids, excreta, secretions and damaged skin mucosa; Always change gloves between two patients; Gloves can't replace hand washing.
3. Masks, goggles and masks: Wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the splashing of infectious substances such as body fluids, blood and secretions of patients on the eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa of medical staff.
4. isolation gown: It is only used when passing through isolation gown, so as to prevent it from being polluted by infectious blood, secretions, exudates, splashing water and a large number of infectious substances. Wash your hands immediately after taking off isolation gown to avoid polluting other patients and the environment.
5. Reusable equipment:?
(1) Reusable medical supplies and medical equipment shall be disinfected or sterilized as required when used for the next patient.
(2) When dealing with instruments and equipment contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent the skin and mucous membrane exposure of staff and the pollution of work clothes, so that pathogenic microorganisms can spread to patients and pollute the environment.
(3) Sharps that need to be reused should be placed in stab-resistant containers for transportation, handling and prevention of stab wounds.
(4) Disposable sharp tools, such as needles, are placed in stab-proof and leakage-proof containers for harmless treatment.
6. Disinfection of surface, environment, clothes and tableware:
(1) Clean the environment and surfaces of articles in general wards of hospitals, including bed bars, bedside tables, chairs, door handles, etc., and disinfect them at any time if there is any pollution.
(2) When handling and transporting clothes contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent medical personnel from exposing their skin and polluting work clothes and the environment.
(3) Reusable tableware should be cleaned and disinfected before use, and patients should be isolated to use disposable tableware as much as possible. ?
(4) Reuse clothes are put into special bags and transported to designated places for cleaning and disinfection to prevent pollution during transportation.
7, emergency places may need resuscitation, with simple breathing bag (resuscitation bag) or other ventilation device instead of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.
8. Medical wastes shall be treated harmlessly in accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Medical Wastes promulgated by the state and relevant laws and regulations. Contact isolation 1 contact transmission refers to diseases transmitted through contact. Contact transmission is the main and common transmission route of hospital infection, which generally includes direct transmission and indirect transmission.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-standard prevention