1, acute conjunctivitis. Contact history of contact with patients with red eye, eye discomfort, itching, the inner surface of the eyelid conjunctiva slightly red, for the early symptoms of acute conjunctivitis.
2. Acute keratitis. There is a history of mild eye trauma, but it is difficult for patients to perceive. Such as the countryside by firewood, leaves, crop leaves scratch a little, touch a little, or squinting, or rubbing the eyes with the hand, or wearing contact lenses, there is a feeling of eye grinding, photophobia and tearing. These are often the earliest symptoms of acute purulent keratitis.
3. Acute iritis. There is a ring of red (medically known as ciliary congestion, commonly known as holding wheel red) around the periphery of the black eye, which is an early manifestation of acute iritis.
4, congenital glaucoma. The eyeball is slightly larger than the same month, the same age children. Fear of light, often use the hand digging and rubbing a certain eye, or slap the head on the side of the affected eye with the hand. The child's black eye is greenish gray-like.
5. Primary glaucoma in the elderly. Often there is a family history, when you are in a hurry, there is a foggy appearance in front of your eyes, or look at the lights around the red and green circles, like a rainbow after a rainy day; or the old man used to wear glasses to read books without eye fatigue, but recently there is a sudden fatigue of the eyes; or watch TV for a period of time after the emergence of eye acidity and swelling pain, headache, blurred vision. The above conditions can disappear after resting and are the same as good eyes. These are the precursor symptoms of glaucoma.
6, small black shadow in front of the eyes, commonly known as flying mosquito. This may be vitreous clouding, cataract early fundus hemorrhage, network membrane inflammation, uveitis early manifestations.
7, infants or children in the morning upper eyelid open normal, to the afternoon, evening, the upper eyelid can not open or eyelid fissure small, for myasthenia gravis ptosis. If the eyelid fissure is narrow throughout the day, it is congenital ptosis.
8. Central plasmacytoid ophthalmoplegia. In the front of the eye before the disease in the center of the field of vision appears dark, but the surrounding normal, or the phenomenon of vision straight objects become curved, for the early symptoms of this disease.
9, central retinal artery embolism. Often occurs in the elderly, the eyes suddenly black or suddenly can not see, a few seconds or a few minutes or an hour and then return to normal. Repeatedly, the interval and the duration of each time varies. Treatment at this time can prevent the disease from occurring. Once the embolism is severe more than 90 percent of patients go blind.
10, highly myopic people suddenly appear in front of the eyes in a certain direction can not see often for retinal detachment.
11, walking only see the front, can not see around, so often touch the surrounding people, people with this symptom is called tubular vision, commonly known as bear's eye. There is also to the night can not see, called the bird hazy eyes. These conditions are common in peripheral retinitis, retinitis pigmentosa, vitamin A deficiency.
12, children reading or looking at things when tilted head, often congenital vertical eye muscle paralysis disease, Marfan's disease or large oblique axis astigmatism, etc..
13, children have one eye to look at the near inward slant, look at the distance without inward slant, this is moderate myopia performance.
14, the child daze or when not using the eyes or when looking away, there is one eye exotropia, the opposite situation is not oblique, this disease is called intermittent exotropia.
15, children's eyes itchy, spring and summer offenses in late fall, naturally good, recurring year after year, this is the spring conjunctivitis.
16, after the birth of infants, within five days of the onset of yellow purulent eye droppings in both eyes is particularly large, rubbed after a few hours and then appear a lot of eye droppings, commonly known as gushing pus eyes, for gonorrhea conjunctivitis.
17, the baby was born with a tear in one eye, at the same time in the inner corner of this eye there is often yellowish-white eye droppings, this is congenital dacryocystitis.
18, if one eye or both eyes suddenly can not see or blind, most likely acute optic neuritis, acute retrobulbar optic neuropathy, optic nerve ischemic lesions, or optic pathway vision center has the beginning of disease.
19, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis of the elderly, vision suddenly appeared to decline, most of the fundus retinal hemorrhage caused by.
The following for you to introduce several typical eye disease symptoms and prevention and treatment:
1, cataract: the main symptom is vision loss, blurred vision, due to the cataract site and the degree of different, its impact on vision is also different, if the cataract is long in the peripheral lens, vision can not be affected, if the turbidity is located in the center of the lens, the lesser vision loss, the heavier vision may be only If the clouding is located in the center of the lens, the vision will be reduced in mild cases, and in severe cases, the vision may only be manual or light sensation, in addition, it may also be manifested as the deepening of myopia, which requires frequent replacement of spectacles; monocular diplopia or polymetropia, fixed black shadow in front of the eyes or darkness in sight, photophobia, and other symptoms, and in general, there is no redness and pain in the eye of cataract. Age-related cataracts, from the beginning to full maturity, the length of time varies, generally 2 to 5 years, as little as a few months, the longest can be up to ten years, can stop a certain stage, static.
2, retinal detachment: a more serious, more common blinding eye disease. It occurs mainly in highly myopic eyes, the elderly, and eyes that have been traumatized. The structure of retinal tissue is complex, delicate and fragile, with its vigorous metabolism. The retina itself is composed of nine layers of nerve sensors. If we compare the eyeball to a camera, the retina is the light-sensitive film in the camera. Retinal detachment is the separation between the base film and the light-sensitive material, which causes the light-sensitive system of the eye to become impaired, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms. Types of retinal detachment Retinal detachment is categorized into two main types: primary and secondary. Secondary retinal detachment is caused by other diseases of the eye, such as exudative retinochoroiditis, trauma, hemorrhage, choroidal tumors and so on. The cause of this type of secondary retinal detachment is clearer, and once the lesion is removed, the retina can be restored to its original position. Primary retinal detachment means that the cause of the detachment is unknown. It is generally believed that the key problem is the formation of a retinal tear, which allows the melted vitreous to pass through the tear and dip into the subretinal space. This occurs most often in highly myopic eyes. It can also occur in areas of degenerative atrophy caused by age-related degeneration of the retina and cystoid degeneration that allows a fissure hole to form, resulting in retinal detachment.
The main symptoms of retinal detachment:
1) Sparks and flashes of light are often seen before retinal detachment occurs. 2) Sometimes a dark cloud-like shadow is felt in front of the eyes, advancing towards the center of the field of vision from one side. 3) Blurred vision and distortion of vision. 4) Sudden decrease in visual acuity. 5) Decrease in intraocular pressure, and softening of the eyeballs. If any of the above situations occurs, it is necessary to go to the hospital in time for examination, diagnosis, and treatment, and should not delay the code rate time in order to miss the opportunity of treatment. Prevention of retinal detachmentRetinal detachment is more difficult to recover from, and surgery is also very difficult.
Before the unsex detachment, it is necessary to do a good job of prevention:
1) It is not easy to overstrain the eyes. 2) Do not lift heavy objects. 3) Do not do strenuous activities. 4) Prevent the occurrence of myopia. 5) If the patient suffers from myopia, he or she should go to the hospital for regular checkups, especially myopic patients with bad fundus. 6) Prevent ocular trauma. Treatment of retinal detachment 7) For light retinal detachment, lie in bed for a few days, pay attention to the lying position, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat a light diet, don't chew hard things, and keep the bowel movement smooth, and the retinal detachment can be reset in some cases. 8) For heavy retinal detachment, surgical treatment is necessary, and the earlier, the better, and as long as you find the above mentioned symptoms of retinal detachment, you should go to the hospital for examination and treatment at once. In recent years, our hospital has introduced the world's most advanced medical equipment and instruments, so that the cure rate of retinal detachment surgery can reach more than 90%.
3, trachoma: trachoma is caused by a very tiny pathogenic microorganisms - trachoma etiology. Trachoma has the performance: we all know that the human eye has upper and lower eyelids, like two gates can open and close, protect the eyeball, medically known as the eyelids. Inside the eyelids is a smooth, soft membrane called the conjunctiva, which is the origin of trachoma. Trachoma early lesions can occur in the upper and lower eyelid conjunctiva surface of the inner and outer corners of the eyelid and the junction of the eyelid and the eyeball part of the fornix, serious can spread to all the eyelid conjunctiva, manifested as congestion, vascular fuzzy, with rough papillae and varying sizes of cloudy follicles.
Symptoms of trachoma: patients may feel itchy eyes, burning sensation, grinding panic, tearing and other symptoms. This period of contagious, should pay attention to isolation. Trachoma on the eyes of the harm: trachoma etiological body in addition to invasion of the conjunctiva, but also often invade the cornea, so that the cornea appeared a lot of neovascularization, affecting vision, and may even cause ulcers.
Trachoma to the late stage, the lesion tissue began to scar, can be the same time with the above active lesions, but tends to gradually healed, this period is still contagious, but smaller than the active period. Complications and comorbidities after scarring include:
1) After scarring, the contraction of scar tissue can cause severe eyelid entropion and inverted eyelashes, and the inverted eyelashes often rub the cornea like small brushes, so the patient can have an obvious foreign body sensation, and may even injure the cornea and affect the eyesight.
2) As a result of the invasion of the cornea by E. trachomatis, a large number of neovascularization can extend into the corneal tissue, coupled with the stimulation of lid entropion and inverted eyelashes, which can cause corneal ulcers, and if they suffer from secondary infections such as other bacteria, the ulcers will expand rapidly, and even cause perforation, which can seriously affect vision.
3) After the conjunctiva is completely scarred, the tear-secreting lacrimal gland is destroyed, and the opening of the lacrimal gland's excretory duct is blocked, so that the surface of the eyeball can't be moistened by tears and dryness of the eyeball occurs, and it may even cause the cornea to become cloudy, affecting the visual acuity.
4) Trachoma can also cause dacryocystitis, so that the large corner of the eye often pus, threatening the safety of the eye.
In short, the end of trachoma is terrible, but as long as we pay attention to it, early diagnosis and early treatment, it can be cured. Prevention of trachoma Trachoma is an infectious disease, which spreads mainly through contact, trachoma etiologic agent exists in secretions, and hands, towels, basins, handkerchiefs, etc. contaminated by secretions can cause infection. Usually pay attention to personal hygiene, wash your hands after touching your eyes, don't touch other places, especially advocate flowing water to wash hands, advocate one person one towel, towel don't hang on the same rope, disinfect towel twice a week. Do not rub your eyes with your hands, in the collective unit and service industry to strengthen the management of hygiene, as long as from the ideological high attention, trachoma is able to prevent.
Treatment of trachoma: Trachoma can be cured in the early stages as long as it is well treated. Early trachoma is mainly to strengthen the local medicine, commonly used sulfonamide eye drops, rifampicin eye drops, etc., 4 to 6 times a day eye drops, before going to bed at night can be coated with some eye ointment, serious can be combined with surgical treatment. Advanced trachoma, mainly for complications, most patients need surgical treatment. Trachoma is a chronic eye disease, need to insist on medication, otherwise not only can not cure trachoma, but will make trachoma depending on the protozoa to produce drug resistance.
4, glaucoma: glaucoma is an eye disease in which the intraocular pressure is either intermittently or continuously elevated. Elevated intraocular pressure can have a variety of symptoms depending on its cause. Persistent high intraocular pressure can cause damage to the tissues of the eye and visual function, resulting in vision loss and narrowing of the visual field. If left untreated, the field of vision can be completely lost or even blindness. Therefore, glaucoma is one of the main diseases that cause blindness. Causes of increased intraocular pressure: In most cases, it is due to some kind of pathological changes in the aqueous drainage system, which obstructs the drainage of aqueous.
Glaucoma is categorized into three main types
a. Primary glaucoma, primary glaucoma is subdivided into closed-angle and open-angle types.
1. Closed-angle glaucoma, these patients are prone to mood swings and often have acute attacks. There are more women than men, 3:1, more than 40 years of age, especially 50 to 70 years old most. 30 years of age is rarely seen. There is a definite family history of the disease.
2. Open-angle glaucoma, also known as simple glaucoma. This type of glaucoma disease progresses more slowly, and there are no obvious symptoms, sometimes it is not easy to early detection, individual patients even one eye has been blind, do not know when the disease. This kind of eye disease, which gradually leads to blindness without symptoms, is more dangerous. Therefore, patients should be highly vigilant. Open-angle glaucoma is slightly more common in men, and the age distribution is between 20 and 60 years old.
b. Secondary glaucoma, mainly caused by other diseases of the eye, the cause is clearer. For example, corneal white scar, iridocyclitis, ocular trauma, fundus vascular lesions, intraocular tumors and some other eye diseases can cause secondary glaucoma.
c. Congenital glaucoma, mainly due to the abnormal development of the structure of the atrial angle in the fetus during embryonic development. Most of the children are born with the disease. Most of the affected children have large black eyeballs, so they are called "watery eyes" and "bull's eyes".
Symptoms of congenital glaucoma: The most typical symptoms are fear of light, tearing, crying at night, and poor sleep. The eyeball is enlarged, the cornea is enlarged, the cornea is cloudy, and the intraocular pressure is high. If a baby is born with large eyes, it must be examined in the hospital.
Early symptoms of glaucoma: early glaucoma can have no symptoms and discomfort, patients often do not realize that they have glaucoma. Some may have visual fatigue, eye swelling and headache, rainbow-type aperture when looking at the light turnover at night, and blurred vision, and the symptoms may disappear after rest. Those with these symptoms should seek medical attention.
Prevention of glaucoma: Glaucoma cannot be prevented. Only early detection, early treatment. Especially people over 40 with a family history of glaucoma should have regular eye exams. Pay attention to rest and sleep, avoid overwork and emotional excitement. Read or work in close quarters with sufficient light. How is glaucoma treated? Treatment of glaucoma must be in accordance with medical advice. Early glaucoma can be treated with antihypertensive medications (topical drops or oral). If the pressure cannot be controlled with medication, surgery is necessary.
5, red eyes: red eyes are a sign of congestion. Our eyes white eyeballs (medically known as "sclera") covered with a layer of conjunctiva, although the capillaries are also very dense, but it shows a clean porcelain white, as if there is no blood vessels. If you use your fingers to open the eyelids to observe carefully, the black eye (cornea) of the peripheral part of the conjunctiva, but also sparsely distributed with a few capillaries, the number of which only accounts for the entire conjunctiva blood vessels of about 1%. Strangely enough, once the eyes were subjected to some kind of stimulation, the sclera immediately became red, to be eliminated after the stimulus, red eyeballs and become white.
Under normal circumstances, the blood vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva are deflated, in a "sleeping" state, there is no blood through the blood vessels, so the sclera always looks so white. When encountered with bacteria, viruses and other invasions, the "sleeping" blood vessels will immediately be "awakened", and then dilated. Red blood swarms in from all directions, and the sclera becomes red. Inflammation of the eye is the most striking symptom of eye red, such as suffering from acute and chronic conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma, eye chemical burns, etc., can have different degrees of eye congestion. Eye congestion is categorized into superficial and deep. The former is bright red, called "conjunctival congestion"; the latter is dark red, called "ciliary congestion". When both are present, it is called "mixed congestion". These different cases of congestion, in the doctor's examination and diagnosis is very meaningful, but also to determine the severity of eye disease is one of the important basis, but the general layman is difficult to distinguish.
Some people believe that the more red eyes, the more serious the disease. There are also some people who do not care about eye redness. In fact, it is not. For example, acute conjunctivitis, the onset of acute, heavy congestion, but it is not a major disease, if there is no special circumstances, generally does not cause major problems, easier to cure. However, for chronic iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma and other diseases, congestion symptoms are not too obvious, but it is not to be ignored as a serious eye disease. The vast majority of internal eye diseases, which do not appear to be congested, can lead to blindness. So don't judge the severity of eye disease solely from the severity of red eye, or the presence of eye congestion to judge the severity of eye disease.