Room-temperature superconductivity acts as no resistance to generate Joule heat, so it can be applied to large-scale integrated circuits to build superconducting computers; it can carry large currents without current loss, so it can be used to make high-voltage power lines and superconducting motors.
Conventional superconducting materials require extremely low temperatures to achieve superconductivity, and therefore require a large amount of energy to maintain a low-temperature environment. Normal temperature superconducting materials, however, do not require such energy consumption and can realize superconductivity at room temperature, thus saving a lot of energy and reducing environmental pollution. The excellent superconducting properties of room temperature superconducting materials can greatly improve the efficiency and stability of power transmission and reduce energy losses and costs. This is revolutionary for the power industry.
Normal-temperature superconducting materials also have a wide range of applications in the medical field For example, normal-temperature superconducting materials can be used in magnetic **** vibration imaging (MRI) equipment to improve the quality and speed of imaging, thus better serving medical diagnosis.
Principle of room-temperature superconductivity:
Usually, a material enters a superconducting state only below a specific temperature. This critical temperature is very low, often a few tens of Kelvin (about -200 degrees Celsius), which is very difficult to reach in everyday life and prevents the large-scale application of superconducting materials. The electrical resistance of metallic mercury immersed in liquid helium disappears when the temperature drops to 4.2 K (about -268.95 degrees Celsius).
Based on "wave-particle duality". They suggest that free electrons in the outer layers of a metal will flow through lattice formations to form an electric current when a voltage is applied, but that normally such lattice formations are defective, causing the current to be impeded by thermal vibrations. In superconductors, the electrons are bound to form "Cooper pairs" (Cooper pairs), resulting in a collective condensed wave, which, unlike free electrons, can traverse the lattice without hindrance.