great energy, he called this energy "quart", this discovery is known as the century of discovery
present.
Stainless steel Before 1903, steel was not only prone to rust, but also to corrosion. 1903 to 1912
Between 1903 and 1912, stainless steel appeared to be the outstanding industrial metal. Today, stainless steel is not only used
in industry, but also widely used in medical and human body.
Air conditioning before, the Chinese emperor summer cool to take the mountains of ice, 1911, the American W-
Carrier invented air conditioning, people began to win.
Aspirin 1897, the German Felix Hoffmann synthesized acetylsalicylic acid, two
years after the registration of the trade name aspirin, a century later became the most popular drug.
AutomobilesIn 1913, American automaker Henry Ford formally inaugurated his automobile assembly
line, which lowered costs, increased efficiency, and brought the automobile into common use, making it one of the defining events of the century.
Automobiles were the first to be manufactured in the United States in 1913.
AirplanesAugust 14, 1901, the first powered aircraft began to fly. 1933, the world's
first regular air routes were opened, greatly expanding the space for human activities.
Electric light 1913. Tungsten filament patented, electric light began to shine.
Facsimile 1902. The first transmission of a facsimile was made, and the use of the facsimile for commerce began in 1926.
MoviesMovies as entertainment began on December 28, 1895, the first popular sound film
The Jazz Singer was released in New York in October l927, the first color film, Vanity Fair
City, was released simultaneously in the United Kingdom and the United States in 1935, and the first wide-screen film was introduced in 1953.
CopiersIn 1907, the world's first photocopiers appeared in New York, USA.
In 1959, Xerox 914 electrostatic copiers came on the market after the copiers began to be widely used.
Color photographs in the last century, the principle of color photography, but not until the 1940s
The first batch of color film, color photographs have gone through a long road across the century.
Television, which today has the highest per capita ownership in the world (an average of one per 10 people)
began in 1927, at the hands of the Americans.
The Internet, invented in this century, is the world's largest interconnected network of computing
computers, which, together with the television, has opened up the Information Age by enabling the timely dissemination of daily news from around the world to every corner of the globe.
The Internet is also the world's largest computer network.
LasersThe first laser was born in 1960.
Contact lenses were invented in medieval eyeglasses, and it wasn't until the advent of contact lenses in 1945 that
substantial progress was made, and in 1964, soft contact lenses were invented.
Heartbeat recorders were invented in 1958 by a Swede, ?ke Senning, and began to be used in the 1960
generation, and countless lives have been saved by them to date.
Electronic computers began to be developed during World War II, and the first computer similar to
like today's electronic computers was manufactured in 1943.
Panicillin was first developed by Fleming in Britain in 1929, and was used in 1941 on soldiers wounded in the Second World
World War II, and was hailed as an invention second only to the atomic bomb.
The birth control pillThe birth control pill was developed in 1959, and mankind began to control its own birth rate.
Plastic, which did not exist before this century, has become indispensable in our century,
It began with the invention of a method of making phenolic plastic in 1909 by American L. Beckland.
Radar has been around since 1935, when people began using very short radio waves to determine long-distance or
invisible targets.
RadioThe first successful radio communication was carried out by the Italian Makeni in 1901,
Semiconductor radios were invented in 1948.
X-rays, which have existed since 1895, were not used in medical applications until the first decade of this century, when they
exploited their immense power.
Nuclear energy was realized in 1939 and has been used to generate electricity since 1956.
WatchesOne of the inventions that has changed more times in human history, the more comfortable
watch that can be worn appeared in 1904.
Artificial kidneyWilhelm Korf designed the first artificial kidney in 1945, a hemodialysis device
that has prolonged the lives of countless people with kidney failure.
RobotsIn 1983, Volkswagen AG of Wolfsburg, Federal Republic of Germany, built and produced
the first robot.
SatelliteOn October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite, ushering in the era of human
spaceflight.
Credit CardsIn the history of money, the advent of credit cards was the biggest revolution since the advent of money. The first
credit cards were issued in the 1920s and those in general use were issued in 1950.
Blood transfusions were made possible by Carl Rand's discovery of human blood types in 1900.
Cloning In 1997, British scientists successfully bred a cloned sheep, Dolly.
Before then, the only flaw in all of mankind's imaginative creations was that "man could not make
man," so mankind had long attributed this most miraculous of creations to the mysterious power of the unseen and untouchable
. The birth of cloning started the final myth of the 20th century on its way to being shattered.
Besides these important inventions, two other great achievements of mankind in this century
will go down in history:
The United NationsAnother of the greatest achievements of this century is that mankind has found the path to peace
, and that the United Nations came into being as a result of the lessons learned from the bloodshed of two world wars. We have seen this role in the war in Bosnia
Herzegovina, in the Cambodian civil war, in the Middle East peace talks.
World tradeMany of the international disputes of the past were mostly over resources, and the cost of war
was often so expensive as to outweigh the benefits. International trade allows global resources to be exchanged freely and peacefully, and the flow and distribution of resources can be negotiated through tariffs and non-tariffs, minimizing the need for war. With a rapidly growing economy and a shortage of resources, 50 years
without war was a great achievement.
Two Major Achievements of the Scientific Revolution of the Early 20th Century
The science of the 20th century was based on the major theoretical achievements of the 19th century such as the theories of thermodynamics and electromagnetism, the atomic theory of chemistry, the theory of biological evolution, and the doctrine of the cell, etc. Three major discoveries in the 19th century (X-rays, radioactivity, and electrons) led to a revolution in physics in the first 30 years of the 20th century, giving birth to relativity and quantum mechanics, which became the precursor and foundation of scientific development in the 20th century.
1. The theory of relativity
In 1905, Albert Einstein, the greatest scientific genius of the 20th century, created the theory of special relativity at the age of 26, proposing a new view of space and time that is different from that of classical physics, and a comparable relationship between mass (m) and energy (E), E=mc2 (where the speed of light, C, is 3 × 108 meters per second), which theoretically opens up avenues for atomic energy applications.
On E = mc2, the energy stored in an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the square of the speed of light, an unimaginably large amount. Let us say, by way of analogy, that 1 gram of matter all converted into energy is equivalent to all the heat released by burning 36,000 tons of coal in a conventional state; or that 1 gram of mass is equivalent to 25 million degrees of electrical energy.
In 1915, Einstein also created the general theory of relativity, which profoundly revealed the intrinsic connection between time, space, and matter and motion -- space and time change with the distribution of matter and the speed of motion. It became one of the fundamental theories of modern physics.
Starting in 1923, Einstein spent the second half of his life exploring the unified field theory, attempting to establish a unified field theory that included both gravitational and electromagnetic fields. Although he did not succeed, Yang and Mills created the "Yang-Mills field equations" in the 1950s, developing the so-called "Yang-Mills field equation Although he did not succeed, Yang and Mills created the "Yang-Mills field equations" in the 1950s, which developed the theory of the so-called "canonical field", so that Einstein's dream of a unified field theory can be expected to be realized on the basis of the canonical field.
2. Quantum Mechanics
In 1900, Planck founded the quantum theory, put forward the new concept that energy is not infinitely divisible, and that the change of energy is discontinuous. 1905, Einstein put forward the quantum theory of light, which revealed the wave-particle duality of light. 1913, Bohr introduced the concept of quantization into the theory of the structure of atoms. 1923, Bohr put forward the concept of quantization into the theory of the structure of atoms. 1923, Bohr introduced the concept of quantization into the theory of the structure of atoms. In 1913, Bohr introduced the concept of quantization into the theory of atomic structure, and in 1923, De Broglie proposed the wave theory of matter. 1925, Heisenberg and Schr?dinger established matrix mechanics and wave dynamics respectively, and in 1928, 26-year-old Dirac proposed the relativistic equations of motion of the electrons in the electromagnetic field and the first form of quantum field theory, which led to the significant progress in quantum mechanics, including matrix force and wave dynamics.
The establishment of quantum mechanics at the end of the 20th generation was another revolutionary breakthrough in classical physics following the establishment of the theory of relativity in 1905-1915, which succeeded in revealing the fundamental laws of the microscopic material world, accelerating the development of atomic and solid-state physics, preparing the theoretical foundations of nuclear and particle physics, and promoting the theory of chemical bonding and molecular biology, among other things, as well as the The theory of chemical bonding and molecular biology have also been promoted. Therefore, quantum mechanics can be said to be the most prolific scientific theory of the 20th century, and still has a strong vitality.
5 scientific achievements in the mid-to-late 20th century
Since the 1930s, the creation of the basic structure of matter, the canonical field, the Big Bang, the molecular double-helix structure of the genetic material, the geodesic plate theory, as well as the theory of information theory, cybernetics, and systems theory has further expanded the human field of vision to a more cosmic, macroscopic, and microscopic areas, and has become a great driving force for the progress of human civilization. It has become a great driving force for the progress of human civilization.
1, the basic structure of matter
From ancient times, people have been exploring what matter is composed of, there is no basic unit of public ****. Until the end of the 19th century, people believe that this *** with the same primitive is the atom. 1911, Rutherford found that there is a nucleus inside the atom; 1913, Bohr pointed out that the radioactive changes occur inside the nucleus of the atom, so the study of the composition of the nucleus of the atom, the law of change, and the internal bonding force of nuclear physics came into being.
In 1932, Chadwick discovered the neutron. Since then, people realize that all kinds of atoms are made of electrons, protons and neutrons