Test-tube baby is a baby developed by artificially fertilizing eggs and sperm in vitro, developing into early embryos and then transplanting them into the mother's uterus.
Development of in vitro fertilization technology
The first generation: 1978 British experts steptoe and edords customized the world's first IVF, which is called the world's first IVF miracle in the history of human medicine. IVF (in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer) is a common name of artificial assisted pregnancy technology, which is a comprehensive technology combining embryology, endocrinology, genetics and micromanipulation, and is the most effective in the treatment of infertility. It is to put sperm and eggs in vitro to fertilize the eggs with various techniques, and then move them into the uterus after a few days of culture, so that women can conceive and have children.
Second generation: 1992 Dr. Palermo and Dr. Liu Jiaen of Belgium successfully applied intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to human body for the first time, which greatly improved the success rate of IVF technology. ICSI is called the second generation IVF technology by domestic medical circles. ICSI not only improves the success rate, but also greatly expands the technical indications of IVF, which is suitable for male and female infertility. After the invention of the second generation technology, the number of test-tube babies born in the world increased rapidly, and 50 thousand test-tube babies were born in the United States every year.
Third Generation: With the development of molecular biology, in recent years, on the basis of artificial assisted pregnancy and micromanipulation, genetic disease diagnosis (PGD) before embryo implantation has been developed and applied in clinic, so that infertile couples can not only have a baby, but also have a good baby.
Third generation IVF
Advanced reproductive medicine research has pushed the self-control of human reproduction to a new limit-the first generation of IVF technology, which solved the infertility caused by female factors; The second generation of IVF technology solved the problem of infertility caused by male factors; The breakthrough of the third generation IVF technology is revolutionary, which helps human beings to choose the healthiest offspring from the perspective of biogenetics and provides future parents with the opportunity to have healthy children.
At present, the technology of the third generation IVF in China is fully mature, and the Reproductive Medicine Center headed by Professor Zhuang Guanglun is the only scientific research unit for the clinical application of the third generation IVF in China.
The third generation of IVF technology can realize the principle of prenatal and postnatal care;
Because the Reproductive Medicine Center will cultivate a number of embryos in test tubes for each couple who choose IVF technology to have children, before the embryos are implanted in the mother's body, these embryos will be diagnosed according to genetic principles (this method is referred to as PGD for short), and the embryos that meet the best eugenic conditions will be implanted in the mother's body.
This kind of embryo that meets the conditions of eugenics is selected in this way: some genetic diseases of human beings, such as X-linked diseases, are selectively affected in offspring of different sexes. Take a male hemophilia patient as an example. Generally speaking, his son is normal. The probability that the daughter is normal or carries the hemophilia gene is 50/50 (hemophilia gene carriers generally do not get sick); If a hemophiliac is a woman, her son will get sick, and the probability that her daughter carries normal or hemophilia genes is 50/50. The eugenic principle of genetic diseases such as malnutrition and color blindness is the same as hemophilia. As long as we understand this genetic feature, we can detect the genes of embryonic cells cultured in vitro and choose embryos without pathogenic genes to implant into the uterus, thus avoiding the birth of children with hereditary diseases.
Many hereditary diseases of human beings can be avoided by this PGD method, such as thalassemia and congenital stupidity.
Two couples weighed the pros and cons and made two different decisions: one agreed to adopt the third generation baby testing technology to select girls; A couple is lucky, they don't want to use this technology and want to have a boy, but what is certain is that the boy born is still a hemophiliac, just like the previous boy.
In the latter case, Professor Zhuang Guanglun met many people. He said: "Although modern technology can avoid some genetic diseases through genetic technology, some people still have deep-rooted traditional ideas about having boys and girls."
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Specifically, please ask Baidu "pregnant media professor" and "pregnant media famous doctor Wang Jingan" or search my related articles of sxwja.
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Judging from the current literature, although controversial, it mainly focuses on the following points:
Several shortcomings of IVF
1, the modern artificial assisted reproductive technology-test-tube baby, makes sperm lose the competitive opportunity of survival of the fittest, and may inherit the microdeletion Y chromosome. It is easy to cause abortion, stillbirth and congenital malformation.
2, if the female body does not have the conditions for pregnancy, such as endocrine disorders, luteal insufficiency, and a history of abortion. Even if the IVF operation is successful, it may lead to miscarriage.
3. There may be ethical problems. The irregularity of underground sperm bank increases many ethical problems of artificial insemination. Some institutions do not strictly control sperm, and the source of sperm is unknown. Fetal quality cannot be guaranteed.
4. Increased the risk of multiple pregnancy: Multiple pregnancy has many complications, high incidence of premature delivery and perinatal mortality, which belongs to the high-risk pregnancy range. Therefore, both doctors and patients hope to get singletons, at most twin pregnancies.
5. High cost performance, that is, the cost of obtaining each offspring is high: it takes 20,000-30,000 RMB to make an artificial pregnancy, and the pregnancy rate is 1.5%. If repeated many times, the pregnancy rate can be increased to about 37%, or even higher;
6. It will interfere with women's physiology. Stimulating ovulation leads to low ovarian response, which is prone to premature ovarian failure, amenorrhea and ovarian insensitivity syndrome in young women before the age of 40. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: hypovolemia, oliguria, ascites, hydrothorax, electrolyte disorder, hypercoagulability, liver and kidney dysfunction, thrombosis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and even death. The incidence was 0.6%- 14%.
7. IVF with artificial fertilization is three times more likely to suffer from cerebral palsy at birth than natural fertilization.
You can also learn more through Baidu's "pregnant media professor" and "pregnant media famous doctor Wang Jingan" or search my sxwja related articles.
Good luck with your pregnancy!
The main factors affecting the success of IVF-ET treatment are:
1, the fertilization rate of women over 40 years old is low and the abortion rate is high;
2. Reaction to superovulation;
3. Quantity and quality of oocytes collected;
4. The quality of sperm;
5. Quantity and quality of ET: In general, the number of ET should not exceed 3~4, otherwise the clinical pregnancy rate will be significantly reduced;
6. The rejection of pregnant embryos by uterus.
Your fertility is still there! As long as the woman is not menopausal, regardless of age, irregular menstruation, ligation or not, and the man has sperm, there are ways to get you pregnant and have children!
If you are in a hurry to get pregnant and have children, I suggest you come to Yuncheng, Shanxi Province and use the assisted reproductive technology that we have created, perfected and practiced for many years. This is an improved technology, which simplifies and optimizes the technical process of IVF. At a specific time of ovulation, a certain number of well-treated sperm are directly transplanted to a specific part of the fallopian tube, similar to the "gamete in tubal transplantation" in IVF technology. The procedure is simplified and optimized, the conception environment is closer to natural physiology, more in line with natural laws, and the implantation rate of gestational sac is greatly improved. Please search Baidu for "gamete intra-fallopian tube transplantation" related words, and you will understand ... successful pregnancy that month; Most of them get pregnant successfully within three or four months. Far higher than the success rate of artificial insemination 17%! It is also higher than the average success rate of IVF of 37%. This will cost less and be faster, which can solve your pregnancy and childbirth problems as soon as possible; No matter how many sperm, vitality, as long as there is sperm, there is a solution; Sperm cells or immature sperm cells or even immature sperm cells are also partially feasible.
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When you go to a big city hospital to see a doctor, whether there is any problem or not, the doctors there ask you to do all kinds of tests. I can't wait to use all the medical equipment in her hospital and let you pay more money ... Those doctors don't even have to consider whether to do this test! Hey! Maybe you don't have time to think … please analyze and think about your life experience, because forced by the trend of reform for decades, the general situation in domestic hospitals is: big hospitals charge fees for inspection, and small hospitals sell drugs to make money! Every time I go to see a doctor, I will get you a few big woven bags of Chinese herbal medicines to take home! I don't care if you can get pregnant. ...
We are taking another road in medical treatment-based on a technically strong society, truly solving the practical problems of patients, striving for perfection, and doing our best to treat a case well, not the quantity. Otherwise, it is a waste of time. Bragging can't solve practical problems, but also wastes everyone's energy, financial resources, material resources and time. Who will do it?
You don't have to wait in line to come to our place. Because no matter what happens, in principle, ovulation takes precedence, and the timing of ovulation waits for no one, so ...
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