Shanghai, Feb. 12 (Reporter Xue Guibao Special Correspondent Yin Xiaofeng) Shanghai Railway Bureau recently disclosed that in 2005, the Shanghai Bureau of the railroad construction in the territory of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Shanghai three provinces and one city of the scale of the unprecedented, the construction of railroad network in East China is fruitful.
The Bureau in 2005 **** have Ningqi railroad project, Xuanhang line to build a second line of engineering, Zhegan electrification project and other 18 construction projects. 2005, the new long line of the new Yuan section of the expansion project was basically completed in its entirety, and on July 1, the opening of passenger trains; Ningqi line Yangzhou to the Hai'an section was officially opened for business on July 1; Xuanhang line Xuancheng to the Qiaosi section was completed and opened on September 15, the whole line! The Nanjing Station renovation project was completed on September 20; the Pudong Railway section from Ruanxiang to Ping'an was opened for operation at the end of November, realizing the goal of simultaneous completion with the Yangshan Port and "opening up of the port and the road".
References: Respondent: legendary chopper - Apprentice in Magic Level 1 2-18 23:36 ----------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the national economy has begun a new period of development. In 1982, the Twelfth Congress of the CPC put forward the great goal of quadrupling the industrial and agricultural GDP by the end of this century. And pointed out that "railroad transportation has become an important constraint on the development of the national economy, the transport capacity with the needs of the growth of transport volume is very poorly adapted. In order to change this situation, the railroad must carry out a series of key construction, accelerate the development speed, increase capacity." According to this spirit, the railroad put the focus of the capital construction on strengthening the technical transformation of existing railroads, and appropriate arrangements for the construction of some of the necessary new lines, put forward the "northern war in Daqin, southern attack on Hengguang, take the East China" strategy. At the same time to accelerate the transformation of traction power, improve the repair capacity of rolling stock, focusing on the matching of the railroad transportation equipment to improve transport capacity, to solve the transportation weaknesses. This major decision was reflected in the Sixth Five-Year Plan from 1981 and the Seventh Five-Year Plan from 1986. During the Sixth Five-Year Plan period, the capital investment in railroads was the largest among all the Five-Year Plans. Of this investment, 33.2% was for the renovation of existing railroads. 1,870 kilometers of double lines were laid, making most of the major trunk lines in the operating railroads double lines, 2,483.5 kilometers of electrified railroads were rebuilt and newly constructed, and 3,421 kilometers of railroads with internal combustion traction were added. The proportion of internal-combustion and electric locomotives in the locomotive fleet increased to 34.6%, and thus internal-combustion and electric locomotives accounted for 39.1% of the completed haulage tasks. In terms of transport organization, many reforms have been carried out. Organization unit heavy combination of trains, improve the weight of goods trains; expanding the passenger car grouping, tap the transport potential; the use of LTL transport centralization, reduce along the zero train and handle along the zero station, improve the operating speed; reform of the locomotive crew system, the implementation of the long crossroads ride system, give full play to the capacity of locomotives; the development of containers and containerized transport to improve freight efficiency, and so on. By the end of 1985, the national railroad mileage of 52,119 kilometers, passenger and freight conversion turnover exceeded 1 trillion tons of kilometers. 1986 began to enter the seventh five-year plan period, the railroad implementation of the input-output contracting system of responsibility for the operation of the more mobilized the whole road staff enthusiasm. Beijing-Qin, Daqin (the first phase of the project) and other double-line electrified railroads were completed one after another. More than 14 kilometers long Dayaoshan Tunnel was successfully opened, so that the main north-south trunk line-Beijing-Guangzhou Railway double line opened to traffic, greatly improving the capacity. The Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway was repaired to Alashankou, completing the iron and steel transportation line running east to west across the Chinese mainland. Other old lines renovation and rolling stock industry has also made great progress. (A) focused on the construction of new railroads since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, the task of coal transportation has increased dramatically. Coal transportation accounted for more than 40% of the railroad freight. For this reason, the Ministry of Railways in this period of the new railroad construction focus on preventing the solution of coal transportation. The new gun stone railroad is gun state and teng zao coal field coal a sea channel, new gun railroad and gun stone railroad, taijiao railroad connected to become parallel to the east section of the east and west of the Longhai railroad trunk line, is the mountain system of coal out of the sea of a channel. Da Qin double-line electrified railroad under construction, but also China's first coal-based, heavy-duty unit trains of modern railroads, this railroad will be Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and other regions of the important passage of coal transportation, the development of mountain coal bases, increase Inner Mongolia, Ningxia coal out of the amount will play an important role. The western section of Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway from Urumqi to the national border of Alashankou connecting with the railroad of the former Soviet Union is another important international trunk line from China to the former Soviet Union, and also an important part of the continental bridge connecting Asia and Europe, which is of great significance in politics, economy and national defense. ◆Beijing-Qin Railway The Amazing Railway, with a total length of 290 kilometers from Shuangqiao of Beijing Junction to Qinhuangdao, is an important channel for the northern route of Jin coal outward transportation, and is the first newly built double-line electrified railroad in China, and adopts AT power supply mode for the first time. The 155 kilometers of the Beijing end of the line is the second line added to the Tongtuo line built in 1975, and the rest is newly built. The Beijing-Qinshan Railway started construction in September 1981, opened to traffic in 1984, operated in 1985, and completed in 1986 with a fiber-optic digital communication system. Right: Electric locomotive hauling coal train. ◆Gunshi Railway The Gunshi Railway, with a total length of 308 kilometers from Chengjiazhuang of Beijing-Shanghai Railway to Shishoushou Port on the coast of the Yellow Sea, is a corridor for Shanxi and Shandong coal to go out to the sea, which was begun to be constructed in 1981 and was put into operation in 1985. ◆Xingun RailwayXingun Railway is 315 kilometers long from Xinxiang of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, crosses the Yellow River in Changguan, enters Dongming of Shandong and arrives at Gunzhou. The section from Jining to Heze was started in 1977 and completed in 1982, and the section from Xinxiang to Heze was started in 1983 and completed in 1985. The total length of Changdong Yellow River Bridge is 10,282 meters, with 301 piers and a 1,243-meter-long meeting station on the bridge. In October 1985, the bridge was completed. This section of the Yellow River "can't run a boat with water, and can't run a car without water", the riverbed is changing drastically, which is known as "tofu waist", and the project is very difficult. ◆Daqin Railway Daqin Railway from Datong Junction Hanjialing to Qinhuangdao, a total length of 653 kilometers, in Huailai, Hebei Province, and the Fungsha Railway crosses the Beijing suburb of Huairou and the Jingtong, Jingcheng two railroads crosses the railroad, started in 1985, will be completed in 1992. This railroad is an important channel for coal transportation from Yanbei, Pingshuo, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and other regions, with an annual capacity of 100 million tons. The whole line adopts advanced technology and equipments with international level in 1980s. Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway U-A section Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway U-A section is 467 kilometers long from Urumqi to Alashankou, the border, which connects with the railroad of former Soviet Union. The construction of this road was started in 1958 and stopped in 1961, then resumed in 1985 and was completed in September 1990, and the whole line has been completed in September. ◆Tonghuo Railway Tonghuo Railway is a 419-kilometer-long railroad from Tongliao to Hollinhe in Inner Mongolia, which is a railroad for transporting open-pit coal from Hollinhe. The construction was started in May, 1978, and opened to the traffic in 1984, and was delivered to the operation in Dec. 31, 1989, which is the best way to transport lignite coal out of China. This railroad is of great significance for the transportation of lignite coal, solving the energy shortage in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, promoting the economic development along the line and consolidating national defense. ◆ Qinghai-Tibet Railway The investment for environmental protection project of the whole Qinghai-Tibet Railway will reach RMB 1.2 billion, which is the highest record in the history of China's railroad construction. This was disclosed by the Information Office of the State Council in a white paper titled "Ecological Construction and Environmental Protection in Tibet" published here on the 10th. The white paper said that the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has set the goal of "building an ecological and environmental protection-oriented railroad" at the beginning of the demonstration. In choosing the route of the railroad, it tries to avoid the key areas where wild animals live and move around as much as possible. Can not be avoided, must pass through the wildlife activity area of the road, for the habits of wildlife along the route, migration patterns, in different sections of the deployment of twenty-five different types of wildlife channel; in many sections also specially set up as a wildlife migration channel of the dry bridge, in order to maximize the guarantee of the normal activities of wildlife along the railroad. For example, in June and July, in order to allow Tibetan antelopes to pass through the construction site to give birth to their young, the relevant construction units of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway stopped work for four days, and construction personnel and machinery were evacuated from the site. The white paper said that in order not to damage the natural environment such as grasslands and wetlands, great attention has been paid to the protection and restoration of surface vegetation during construction. The turf in the sections where the vegetation is difficult to grow, the roadbed and the places where the construction vehicles pass through are to be preserved, transplanted section by section, preserved easily, and later covered to the completed roadbed slopes or the surface of the construction site, so as to minimize the loss of the surface vegetation. For the lots with better natural conditions, select grass species suitable for plateau growth, supplemented by suitable seeding breeding techniques, and make the best efforts to restore the surface vegetation. The natural conditions of slightly better sections of artificial cultivation of turf test, supplemented by spraying, mulching and other technologies, in the source area of the Yangtze River in Tuotuohe, plateau roadbed grass planting special test has achieved initial success. The white paper said, after the completion of the qinghai-tibet railroad stations, heating the use of electricity, solar energy, wind energy-based environmentally friendly energy. Station waste collection and centralized treatment; living sewage to be treated and discharged, as far as possible for greening; passenger cars using closed car body, the car garbage bagged, transported to the plateau under the handover station centralized treatment. Management to adapt to the characteristics of the plateau, to take the center of the management mode, the whole line set up seven central station. Each center station management control radius of about eighty kilometers, on the line and maintenance is fully responsible. As far as possible to adopt remote automation control, mechanized maintenance, reduce the organization and personnel on the plateau, and maximize the protection of the natural ecological environment of the Tibetan Plateau. (ii) Adopt advanced technology and accelerate railroad modernization construction The solution to the shortage of railroad capacity lies in adopting advanced technology and accelerating railroad modernization construction. In terms of rolling stock, high-power traction power and new types of vehicles are used to expand train sets, increase train weight and speed up train speed. To this end, several new types of internal combustion, electric locomotives and passenger and freight vehicles have been developed. At the same time the introduction of technology, imported a number of internal combustion and electric locomotives. From 1949 to 1989, the railroad rolling stock factory*** manufactured 1,139 electric locomotives, 4,953 internal combustion locomotives, 3 gas turbine locomotives, 9,659 steam locomotives, 26,922 passenger cars (including 447 subway coaches), 450,678 freight cars. In signaling, it vigorously develops automated and semi-automated blocking systems, and implements electrical centralization, dispatching centralization and dispatching supervision to improve operating speed and ensure traffic safety. Communication development of long-distance small coaxial cable, increasing the long-distance cable; carrier machine to 300 road, 960 road and other multi-channel direction; railroad long-distance telephone automation, to the capacity of 300 to 6,000 multi-door longitudinal and transversal system of automatic exchange of several direction. In addition, the development of fiber-optic communications, special communications, such as scheduling phones, go to the section of the phone and train wireless dispatch telephone. Freight transport to speed up the development of container transport, improve the level of mechanized loading and unloading to reduce labor intensity. Line maintenance mechanization, in addition to self-developed tamping machine, track laying machine, slag unloading machine, roadbed shaping machine, long rail carriers, clearing machine, but also the introduction of a complete set of large-scale road maintenance machinery to improve the quality of the line. The construction of bridges and tunnels is also being innovated, and a number of bridges with novel style and tunnels with complicated technology have been built; a number of bridge factories with advanced technology for manufacturing steel girders and concrete girders have been built. ◆ Dayaoshan Tunnel Dayaoshan double-line electrified tunnel is located in the mountainous area of Yaoshan in the south ridge of northern Guangdong between Pingshi and Lechang of Beijing-Guangzhou line, which is the key feat of constructing the second line of Hengguang, with a length of 14,295 meters. Tunnel construction adopts 4 inclined shafts and vertical shafts to excavate in sections, and the cave adopts composite lining structure, according to the new Austrian method of construction. At the same time, it adopts supporting large modern machinery to realize the comprehensive mechanized flow operation of bursting, loading, transporting and spraying anchor support and concrete lining. ◆ Shanghai's magnetic levitation train world will be China Shanghai's magnetic levitation train project vibration, "magnetic levitation speed" will rewrite the new speed of human ground travel, the world's transportation development history will be opened Watt invented the steam engine and the Wright Brothers invented the aircraft since another brand new page.