According to Technical Specification for Biosafety Laboratory Construction (GB50346—2004), General Requirements for Laboratory Biosafety (GB 19489-2008), General Guidelines for Biosafety of Microbiology and Biomedical Laboratories (WS 233-2002) and Code for Design of Clean Workshop (GB 50073) Combined with the relevant provisions of Code for Construction and Acceptance of Clean Rooms (GB 50599), the architectural features of the laboratory site were analyzed. Based on the design concept of people-oriented, convenient operation and biological safety, SICOLAB completed this scheme design on the premise of meeting the operating needs of users and experimenters as much as possible.
1, plane layout
(First-class barrier) According to the space required by the experimenters, 1 microbial experimental area is designed with a construction area of 23 m2, including 1 P2 main laboratory, 1 first shift buffer room, 1 second shift buffer room and 1 cleaning and disinfection room. Considering that the biosafety laboratory should implement the requirements of the primary barrier and the secondary barrier at the same time, the primary barrier is mainly embodied in the plane layout and maintenance structure of the microbial experimental area, and the secondary barrier is mainly embodied in the air conditioning purification system. In the plane layout, people and logistics are separated to prevent cross-infection between people and things, that is, experimental operators enter P2 main laboratory through the first buffer room and the second buffer room; Subjects enter and leave P2 main laboratory through two interlocking transfer windows, of which 1 interlocking transfer window is located between the main laboratory and the preparation room, and 1 is located between the main laboratory and the washing and disinfection room, so as to ensure that the clean objects are not infected and pollutants are introduced into the washing and disinfection room as soon as possible for disinfection and sterilization.
2. Envelopes and decorations
The main frame of the laboratory is a color steel plate glass partition, the color is dumb white, the thickness of each side of the color steel plate is 0.426 mm, and the combustion performance of the color steel rock wool sandwich panel is incombustible, and the grade is A; The thickness of partition glass is 5 mm; In order to prevent dust deposition, the window material adopts R 25 mm aluminum alloy arc pressing line; The inner side of all two-dimensional joints adopts R 50mm aluminum alloy fillet, and the outer side of the exposed two-dimensional connection line adopts R 100 mm aluminum alloy fillet connection; The three-dimensional joint of color steel plate adopts three-dimensional contact transition, and the color steel plate is connected with the wall surface by aluminum alloy groove aluminum. The ceiling material is also colored steel plate. The indoor floor in the microbial area is made of epoxy resin, which is seamless, corrosion-resistant, flat and easy to clean. The corner line of the ground is decorated with aluminum with internal corners, which is beautiful and compact. Through scientific design and careful construction, a firm, seamless, smooth, beautiful, non-reflective, dust-free, rust-free, moisture-proof, antibacterial and excellent aseptic surface and inner shell have been formed in the laboratory, thus solving the problems of air tightness and cleanliness. All indoor equipment is embedded in the wall, making the whole laboratory wall smooth and seamless, preventing dust accumulation and facilitating cleaning and disinfection.
3. Basic configuration of 3.P2 laboratory
3. 1 Interlocked transfer window P2 Laboratory has two transfer windows to ensure the logistics safety of the laboratory. There is an ultraviolet lamp in the interlocking transmission window, so take out the contaminated items for experiment.
Disinfection in front of house; Ensure the isolation of outdoor and indoor air; The transfer window can be controlled indoors and outdoors, which reduces the number of times the experimenters go in and out of the laboratory and is convenient for the experimenters to transfer items.
3.2 Automatic door closers According to the requirements of national specifications, automatic door closers are installed on the doors of clean laboratories.
3.3 The main laboratory of interlocking doors is equipped with a set of two interlocking electronic interlocking devices. When one door is not closed, the other door will not open, which will affect the air entering the clean room.
The flow plays a buffering role, and the interlocking door is also equipped with an emergency switch. When an accident happens, press the emergency switch so that the laboratory personnel can escape from the scene as soon as possible.
3.4 Multi-functional microcomputer controller is the general control cabinet of the laboratory, which includes temperature and humidity adjustment and display, start-stop and start-stop sequence of air supply and exhaust fans, and lighting.
Turn on the switch, ultraviolet light control, etc. The temperature adjustment display screen can accurately display the temperature in the laboratory, with convenient adjustment and small temperature error.
3.5 Differential Pressure Gauge According to the requirements of biosafety laboratory specifications, P2 laboratory is equipped with a differential pressure control system, which can display the indoor and outdoor differential pressure and can be manually controlled as required.
Pressure difference, reaching a safe range.
3.6 Sockets Each laboratory shall provide a sufficient number of single-phase nine-hole sockets and three-phase four-hole sockets according to different experimental purposes. The sockets are all embedded and airtight, and the imported brand-name multifunctional dustproof, waterproof and leak-proof combined power plug-in board is selected and installed with advanced technology.
3.7 UV lamps Considering the disinfection requirements of the clean room, two UV disinfection lamps are set in P2 main laboratory to provide physical disinfection for the experimenters before and after the experiment.
3.8 Human body thermal infrared sensor In order to facilitate the use and save electricity, an infrared detector is placed at the door of the buffer room to sense human body heat, and the fan is automatically turned on to send clean air and automatically turned off after a delay.
3.9 Washing table There is a washing table in the washing and disinfection room. The sink and sewer hose are made of acid and alkali resistant PP material, and the faucet is a special triple faucet for the laboratory.
3. 10 eye washer and the washstand in the microbial experimental area of the induction faucet are equipped with eye washers, which can be used to wash the eyes of experimenters when they come into contact with dangerous substances; Induction faucet
Can sense human body heat, automatically release water and delay closing.
3. 1 1 sample cart In order to facilitate the laboratory personnel to move samples and other experimental supplies, a small sample cart is equipped in the cleaning and disinfection room. The prototype is made of stainless steel and has two layers.
Small and lively.
3. 12 drip cart Because the experimental articles need to be dried after cleaning and disinfection, a drip cart is equipped in the cleaning and disinfection room, and the cleaned and disinfected instruments can be put on the drip cart to dry the drops.
There is also a bucket under the car to collect dripping water. The drip cart is movable and made of stainless steel.
3. 13 The laboratory at the experimental side table must be equipped with an experimental platform for placing experimental equipment and supplies. The experimental platform is made of acid and alkali resistant physical and chemical solid wood board, and the slideway is made of high-quality materials and steel-wood structure.
And there are drawers and cabinets under the countertop, which is convenient for placing experimental supplies.
3. 14 biosafety cabinet (BSC-II-A2) According to the requirements of national standards for biosafety laboratories, P2 laboratory should be equipped with 1 biosafety cabinet. Biosafety cabinets are used for biological reality.
The main isolation equipment in the laboratory can prevent the spread of harmful suspended particles. According to the protection provided to personnel, environment and test samples, different grades are different.
Class Ⅱ A2 biosafety cabinet can provide comprehensive protection for personnel, test samples and environment, and can be applied to the operation of high-risk microorganisms, toxic substances and radioactive oligonucleotides. Class Ⅱ A2 biosafety cabinet is the front door biosafety cabinet, which protects workers through vertical airflow, protects samples through multi-layer HEPA filtration, and protects the environment through waste gas HEPA filtration. The airflow sinks from the top of the cabinet through the HEPA air inlet filter. After the gas reaches the working face, about 50% of the gas is sucked into the grille at the back of the cabinet, and the rest of the gas meets the indoor air at the front grille. Among them, 30% of the air can be exhausted through the HEPA exhaust filter, and the remaining 70% of the air is mixed with fresh air after HEPA filtration to form a sterile working area, which effectively prevents cross-contamination. A gas barrier is created at the intersection of indoor air and HEPA filtered air, which isolates the workers from the samples, protects the safety of the experimenters and prevents the samples from being polluted.
4 P2 Technical indicators of biosafety laboratory (secondary barrier) The clean room should strictly follow the China people's * * and the national health industry standard WS 233-2002 "General Guidelines for Biosafety of Microbiology and Biomedical Laboratories" and the national standard GB 19489-2008 "General Requirements for Biosafety of Laboratories". The assembly standard should be based on the biological hazard degree of the biological factor analysis process undertaken by various professional laboratories, and according to the classification method of biological safety levels in national standards, users should be equipped with different levels of biological clean rooms, which are customarily called P 1, P2, P3, P4, or level I, II, III and IV biological safety laboratories.
4. 1 classification standard The classification and treatment objects of the biosafety laboratory are as follows: the first-class biosafety laboratory has low harm to human body, animals or the environment, and has no pathogenic factors to healthy adults, animals and plants. Secondary pathogenic factors that are moderately harmful or potentially dangerous to human body, animals and plants or the environment will not cause serious harm to healthy adults, animals and the environment. It has effective preventive and therapeutic measures. The third level is highly dangerous to human body, animals and plants or the environment, mainly through aerosols or pathogenic factors that are highly harmful to animals, plants and the environment, causing people to contract serious or even fatal diseases. There are usually preventive and therapeutic measures. Grade IV is highly dangerous to human body, animals, plants or the environment, and the route of transmission through aerosol is unknown, or there are unknown dangerous pathogenic factors. There is no preventive treatment.