The sources of healthcare big data are

1. Industry regulatory data and health insurance data.

2. Routine demographic and major disease surveillance data.

3, Real-world evidence, including electronic medical records (EMRs) or electronic health records (EHRs), medical imaging and health screening data.

4. Research data, including biomarkers and multi-omics information from clinical trials or cohort studies.

5. Mobile medical devices.

6. Patient self-reported data.