Activity is the nature of the child, even if the classroom teacher nagging, advise, emphasize "pay attention to safety, pay attention to safety", but the child is after all a child, the first time you play, you forget everything, a little inattention is prone to safety problems. This is not a student from the corridor back to the class, was a sudden oncoming students knocked down, help up when the forehead swollen a big bag ...... (this case by Jilin Zhang Hua provided)
Faced with frequent campus safety accidents, as a classroom teacher, how to do a good job of safety measures, to enhance the students' awareness of self-protection and self-protection. The "What should I do" section of this magazine has done in-depth discussion on this issue, and now the results of the discussion, which integrates the wisdom of many front-line teachers and the guidance of experts, will be released for the reference of all classroom teachers.
A safety accident:
The former is not forgotten, the latter is the master
According to statistics, each year there are about 16,000 primary and secondary school students died of abnormal deaths, an average of 44 students died every day in traffic accidents, food poisoning, drowning, etc., equivalent to the disappearance of a class every day! And about 80% of them through prevention and emergency treatment could have been avoided, including in the so-called force majeure in front of natural disasters, society, schools, teachers should have been able to do a lot of our children a lot of ...... Therefore, the editors selected a number of representative cases, and detailed categorization is as follows. The accident is not a story, the former car can learn, we can not repeat the mistakes.
(A) common accidents on campus
1 campus stampede
November 29, 2010, Xinjiang Aksu City, the fifth elementary school stampede accident occurred, resulting in 41 students were injured, of which six were seriously injured, one due to serious damage to organs critical.
From 2000 to 2009, 28 school stampedes occurred in the country***. For example, on December 7, 2009, Hunan Xiangxiang City, Yucai Middle School students evening self-study class, a serious stampede occurred, resulting in 8 deaths, 26 people were injured; October 16, 2005, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Nongyi Division, the second secondary school attached to the elementary school students downstairs to participate in the ceremony of raising the national flag, crowded stampede occurred, resulting in 1 student deaths, 12 students were injured; 2002 September 23, 2002, Fengzhen, Inner Mongolia, the second middle school due to the collapse of the staircase railing and no lights, resulting in the darkness of the crowded death of 21 students, crowded 47 students were injured.
2 school buildings, facilities causing injury
May 26, 2010, Guangxi Bobai County, Bobai Town, Guihua Village Primary School organization students on the labor class, the retaining wall suddenly collapsed on the spot pressure injuries to the students 24, of which 3 people due to severe injuries died.
On January 21, 2003, a school building collapsed in Jinyu Village Primary School, Dexin Town, Deyang City, Sichuan Province. Students playing in the classroom were injured by the collapsing roof, killing one student on the spot and injuring 18 others.
On December 28, 2008, a student in the first year of the Qiaohua School in Hohhot climbed onto a basketball hoop and was injured by the collapsing hoop, and died as a result of rescue efforts.
3 food poisoning
April 22, 2011, Shaanxi Yulin City, fish river town center elementary school part of the students had breakfast after the collective discomfort symptoms, of which 16 people have fever, stomach pain, diarrhea and other suspected food poisoning symptoms. Successively***251 students were sent to the hospital for treatment.
May 12, 2011, Anhui Jingxian Wannan first hope elementary school 14 students after lunch dizziness, vomiting and other symptoms. According to the investigation, it was a mass food poisoning incident due to the lack of hygienic disinfection equipment in the school.
4Fires and explosions
On the night of June 9, 2002, a fire broke out in Sanyuanzhuang Primary School in Yangjie Township, Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, in which eight boys living in the school, all of whom were burned to death, the oldest at the age of 14 and the youngest at the age of 7, were burned to death when the door of their dormitory was unlocked. It made a small village with only 32 families almost lose a generation.
On March 6, 2002, an explosion at the Fanglin Village Primary School in Tambu Township, Wanzai County, Jiangxi Province, killed at least 42 people and injured many others, mostly children.
5 sports, experiments and other in-class accidents
March 16, 2011, Chongqing Banan Li Jiatuo elementary school, a girl in physical education class fell from the ping-pong table to the ground. After school in the afternoon, parents took their child to the hospital to check and found a large intracranial hemorrhage, overnight craniotomy.
May 12, 2011, a technical school in Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province, a student in doing experiments accidentally electrocuted to death.
6Campus violence
May 4, 2011, Henan Changyuan County, the Great Wall Middle School, a junior Tian, because of the classmate Cheng Mou to ask for money owed and the verbal dispute, by Cheng Mou and another student with an axe, hammer cracked skull death.
7 students playing accidentally
March 16, 2009, Hangzhou Zongwen Xiaoying Experimental School, a student in the eighth grade in the extracurricular activities class, and several other students to stay in the classroom to play, accidentally from the second floor out of the window, fortunately, only resulted in a fracture of the right leg.
8 Teachers Corporal Punishment
December 24, 2009, Anhui Wangjiang County, Changling Middle School, a junior high school student was late for class by the class teacher with a wooden stick broke the head, stitches three or four stitches, and a slight concussion.
(2) Common accidents outside school
1 Traffic accidents
According to statistics, about eight thousand primary and secondary school students die in traffic accidents every year in China. Road traffic accidents have become one of the main causes of accidental deaths and injuries among primary and secondary school students.
For example: on April 29, 2011, Changchun City, Changchun Hope High School senior boy Jin Enshan, crossing the street in front of the school, was hit by a fast-approaching sedan into serious injuries, life-threatening; November 7, 2006, Fengjie County, Chongqing Municipality, with no license plate and no permit passenger and cargo dual-use vehicles in the private transport of 27 secondary school students on the way back to school in a major traffic accidents, resulting in the death of *** 5 students, 3 people seriously injured; November 2005, Fengjie County, Chongqing Municipality, without a license, passenger and cargo dual-use vehicle in the private transportation of 27 secondary school students, resulting in *** 5 students, death. 3 people seriously injured; November 14, 2005, Shanxi Changzhi Licheng County, a driver of the Bailong Automobile Transportation Company, due to fatigue driving caused by driving a large truck out of control, rushed into the highway is out of the morning exercise in Qinyuan two middle school students team, resulting in the deaths of 21 people, of which 20 students, teachers, 1 person, 18 people were injured.
2 Drowning
In 2009, Wang Dinghua, deputy director of the Department of Basic Education at the Ministry of Education, said in an interview that more than 70 percent of student deaths during the summer vacation were caused by drowning. In 2010, for example, 19 students drowned in just over a month of summer vacation in Henan province alone.
On April 26, 2011, a number of boys from an elementary school in Lu'an City, Anhui Province, went to the river near the school to play. One boy accidentally fell into the water, and in the rescue, five people were unfortunately swept away by the rapids. It is reported that four of them are left-behind children.
On May 3, 2010, four elementary school students from Xiaojia Village, Raofeng Town, Poyang County, Jiangxi Province, went to Irrigation Lake Reservoir to play in the water on May 1 holiday, and unfortunately drowned.
(C) Natural disasters
Including accidents caused by earthquakes, floods, mudslides, lightning strikes and typhoons.
On June 10, 2005, more than a hundred elementary school students in Shalan Township Primary School in Ning'an City, Heilongjiang Province, died in a flood. Few students of that age are left in the town.
In the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, more than 300, nearly 500, and 327 students died in Dujiangyan's Juyuan Middle School, Xinjian Primary School, and Xiang'e Middle School alone due to collapsed school buildings.
November 11, 2009, due to continuous heavy snowfall, the roof of the cafeteria of Longfeng Private School in Miaguan Town, Yongnian County, Handan City, Hebei Province, was collapsed, and 28 students were injured, three of whom died.
(D) unlawful invasion
Including social malignant cases, sexual assault, drugs, online dating, robbery and other injuries caused.
1Social malignant cases
In just one month and seven days in 2010, five school hacking incidents occurred in China: on March 23, just before school time, a middle-aged man in front of the door of the Experimental Primary School in Nanping City, Fujian Province, hacked and killed 13 elementary school students in a row, resulting in the deaths of eight children, five children were injured.
April 12, in front of the Primary School of Xi Zhen, Hepu County, Guangxi, a homicide occurred about On April 12, a middle-aged man killed 13 primary school students in front of Xizhen Primary School in Hepu County, Guangxi, resulting in the death of 8 children and injuries to 5. On April 12, a murder occurred about 400 meters away from the entrance to Xizhen Primary School in Hepu County, Guangxi, and among the 2 dead, 1 was an 8-year-old elementary school student; the 5 injured included 3 elementary school students and 1 unenrolled child, On April 30, a man riding a motorcycle and carrying a hammer broke into Shangzhuang Primary School in Weifang, Shandong Province, injuring five preschool students with the hammer.
2 Sexual assault
The former principal of Baoshan Primary School in Qibaoshan Township, Liuyang City, Hunan Province, a 28-year veteran teacher, has molested at least 11 schoolgirls, with the youngest as young as 10 years old, and the oldest as young as 13.
A 26-year-old male teacher at a rural elementary school in Tonghua City, Jilin, has raped and molested 19 female students in his class dozens of times over the past four years since 1998.......
3 Internet dating accidentally killed
In January 2004, a female high school student in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, was killed in a traffic accident after listening to a "netizen" who was a student at the school. In January 2004, a female high school student in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, met with a "netizen" who told lies and was humiliated and then fled in anger, falling from a third-floor window to her death, and then dumping her body in a deep forest.
(E) Suicide and self-harm
May 3, 2011, Hunan Ningyuan County, a high school sophomore boy, because of the classroom novels, play MP4 was expelled from the school, in the request for forgiveness of the teacher in vain, from the fourth floor of the school jumped to his death.
July 12, 2009, Guangdong Zhuhai Experimental High School, a senior female student, due to emotional disputes from the dormitory jumped from the sixth floor to commit suicide.
The second safety education:
Thinking of danger in safety, remembering to act
In the face of such shocking data and cases, we have to think about: in the end, how to protect the personal safety of students? Of course, the safety of students is the responsibility of the whole society, and safety education for students is the responsibility of teachers cannot be shirked. Safety education should focus on three aspects: the development of safety awareness, the acquisition of safety knowledge and skills, and safety-related psychological factors. Among them, the development of safety awareness is the basis of safety education, the acquisition of safety knowledge and skills to ensure the scientific and effective safety education, and the importance of the mental health of students in adolescence and the cultivation of the psychological quality of the crisis is also essential in safety education.
1Safety education should speak with facts
Students' weak safety awareness is mainly due to the lack of rich life experience and lack of practical feelings about things. So in the face of no experience reserves of students, general sermons, the role is minimal, the need to let the facts to speak, with perceptual awareness to improve their safety concepts. Once a month in the safety theme of the class meeting, I have a reservation program: to read to the students in recent months around the country in primary and secondary school students appear in a variety of safety accidents, in order to cause the class to pay great attention to the issue of safety. With the bloody facts to stimulate their nerves, to help them realize: trampling accidents, boiling water burns, food poisoning, sports injuries, gas poisoning ...... These safety issues can happen to everyone at any time. Exposed to the living facts, the students' minds will naturally be shaken and have a new understanding of safety issues. (Gu Zhiguo Ye County Senior High School 467200, Henan Province, Li Jianke Lianjiang City, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, Jishui Middle School 524471)
2 Routine safety warnings are indispensable
While the students always feel that the teacher is very wordy when he talks about safety, the classroom teacher must insist on presenting safety warnings and requirements. Although students may not like to listen at the time, but when encountering specific situations, the teacher's warnings and requirements will certainly make students think twice before dangerous behavior. For example, I ask students to listen carefully to the requirements of the classroom teachers before class, especially in physical education classes and recess, listen to the arrangements of the physical education teacher, do not private activities; in physics and chemistry classes to do experiments, listen carefully to the teacher's experimental guidance, to do the experiment can not be negligent and careless, the glass equipment gently and slowly, do not privately turn on the power supply; in the classroom breaks do not engage in mischief, such as suddenly take away other people's stools, the With a foot trip others ...... (netizen: yanshan rose)
3 tell the side of the "story"
Each time to the students "inculcate" the safety awareness, I will be The problem of the students they have taught in detail to the students, so that the students are no longer simply as a story to listen to, but a deep understanding of the dangers are around. Can also be used to open a "symposium" form, so that there have been in the play, car, spring excursions, crossing the street, sports and other activities have been injured in the safety of the students to tell the story; let the students tell the neighbors, friends and relatives in the safety of the causes and consequences of accidents, this interactive communication between students, than the teacher's words can make students feel direct, deep impression. This kind of interactive communication between students is more effective than the teacher's words to make students feel direct and deep impression. At the same time, with the reinforcement of living examples, students will consciously penetrate the safety awareness in their daily lives, everywhere. (Li Jincheng Yushan Senior High School, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 511483, Chu Zhaobai Yuexi Middle School, Yuexi County, Anhui Province, 246600)
4Emphasis on life education
After the Wenchuan Earthquake, many of the surviving students voiced the following: "Right now, being alive is a luxury". The harsh reality has raised their awareness of safety, but those students who are in a safe environment, without experiencing the pain and suffering caused by death, are less likely to value the existence of life. From the perspective of the origin of education, the real core behind safety education is life education. To raise students' safety awareness, the most important thing is to let students have a full understanding of life. Only when they realize the uniqueness and irreplaceability of life can they know how to cherish life, and only on this basis can they effectively raise their safety awareness. In the past, we did not pay enough attention to students' life education, resulting in their lack of knowledge and realization of life. We should take the obligation and responsibility to educate students about life, so that they can understand the significance of the existence of life. (Wang Lijie, Pingyin County Teachers' Training School, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250400; Feng Liping, Chengguan No. 2 Middle School, Yuhuan County, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, 317000)
5Let the children correctly recognize the dark side of society
Some adults have been carrying out the vacuum education of the truth, goodness and beauty for their children since they were young, which has made their children's thoughts too simple and beautiful. The first thing that you need to do is to make sure that you have a good understanding of what is going on in the world. But as children come into contact with society and gradually realize the realities of life, they tend to show dissatisfaction and fear of the real world, and even become overwhelmed. Therefore, we adults should let children realize the false and ugly side of life, help children to see things comprehensively and objectively, distinguish right from wrong, cultivate children's ability to cope with evil and self-protection, and teach children to master the effective methods of identifying and dealing with various dangers, so as to avoid being struck and hurt. (Wang Jieying Hebei Rao Yang Middle School 053900)
6 carry out a variety of practical experience activities
Can be carried out "do a little traffic police" activities, in specific activities to experience the importance of safety. The students in the "law enforcement", the feeling of traffic safety and the feeling of the passer-by is very different, they will be more likely to find traffic violations brought about by the danger, but also more able to understand the importance of traffic rules. Students can also be used as editors or publicizers of safety materials, for example, by organizing a safety exhibition column. In these activities, in order to collect and record the materials, students read each safety incident material carefully, grasp the essence of the content, and try to influence the audience through the materials as much as possible. In this way, students will be inspired and educate themselves. (Li Jincheng Guangdong Guangzhou Yushan Senior High School 511483, Li Jianke Guangdong Zhanjiang City Lianjiang City Jishui Middle School 524471)
7 let the safety tips can be seen everywhere
May as well in the school corridors, walls, flower pools, before the rockery are pasted with a new and innovative "safety tips. For example, our school staircase corner is marked with "wait a minute, wait out is harmony; let a let, let out is civilization"; in the classroom next to the power supply is posted "partners, I'm afraid of wet, you mercy yo"; in front of the wigwam there is such a signboard: "like me to appreciate me, but do not climb me"...... These warm tips at any time into the eyes of the students subconsciously nourish the student's mind, become a guide to safe activities and games. (Zhao Na Puyang City, Henan Province, Kunwu Primary School 457000)
8 safety education should be responsible for the whole staff
Safety education for students should not be only the classroom teacher alone. For example, the biology teacher can introduce students to food safety and food hygiene knowledge and common self-protection methods in the classroom; the chemistry teacher can introduce students to the precautions for the use of chemicals; the physics teacher can explain to students the knowledge of the safe use of electricity and the disposal of electrical fires, and educate them about road safety by talking about braking distances; the school nurse can introduce students to the handling of general injury events The school nurse can introduce to students the principles and simple treatment methods of dealing with general injuries, such as the simple treatment of wounds and the precautions to be taken after the occurrence of bone fractures. By doing so, on the one hand, it can make the safety education more targeted, and at the same time, it can also improve the students' attention to safety. (Li Hongbo Hebei Baoding City No. 3 Middle School 071000)
9Safety education can not be separated from the cooperation of parents
Children's safety is the most concerned about parents, at the same time, student safety work can not be separated from the cooperation of parents. We want students to accurately fill out the parent information contact card, know their home address, parent contact information and family situation. Regular communication, not only can let the parents of our safety education and management of the contents and systems have knowledge and understanding, but also let parents through the understanding of students in school learning and life problems, clear in the children's safety and what other things should be done, there are still what security risks, how to do a good job of preventive work. Even if the school's safety work is done in place, safety accidents may still occur, and regular exchange of information with parents can be in the arrival of an unexpected safety incident, a rapid response, take timely reporting, de-escalation, remedial measures. (Sun Na Yu Cai Primary School, Haiyang City, Shandong Province 265100)
10 let the safety knowledge learning way richer
I will organize students to hold regular safety exchanges, and set up a number of colorful boards, such as the "safety knowledge contest" so that students can learn to fire prevention, electricity, lightning, theft and other common safety knowledge; "common safety knowledge"; "safety knowledge contest" to let students learn to fire, electricity, lightning, theft and other common safety knowledge; "common safety knowledge"; "common safety knowledge"; "common safety knowledge". Common safety knowledge; "safety self-protection PK" so that students know how to self-protection and self-rescue in critical situations; "I'll pick you wrong" targeted at pointing out some of the dangerous behavior of the students; "safety wishes *** with the promised "to express the good wishes of all students to look forward to happiness and peace. It is in this one of the enjoyable activities, students' safety knowledge has been popularized. (Zhao Na Puyang City, Henan Province, Kunwu Primary School 457000)
11Safety knowledge learning to "invite in, go out"
We can invite traffic police, fire officers, doctors, geologists and other professionals into the campus, fire, transportation, health and general knowledge of the legal system lectures, so that safety education present professional characteristics. Professionals talk about safety, their degree of professionalism is higher than teachers, the cultivation of students' safety awareness and mastery of safety knowledge is more beneficial. In the "invited in" at the same time, we also want to let the students "go out: let the students to the community, reservoirs, traffic accidents on the high road field trips, feeling, will let the students have an intuitive understanding of safety issues, and greatly enhance the effectiveness of safety education. (Zhang Xuefeng Red Bank Middle School, Furalki District, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, 161041, Wang Chongbao Eighth Primary School, Yantai Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shandong Province, 264006)
12Helping students to master the basic knowledge of safety
We have to believe that students are fully necessary and capable of mastering some knowledge of safety, such as: the safe use of household electrical appliances and gas stoves; chemical substances, The labeling and use of medicines; how to follow traffic rules; not to eat food given by strangers; girls not to let others touch their bodies at will; to avoid letting hard and sharp objects damage their bodies, and so on. Students should also be taught some simple and easy ways to deal with common accidents, such as what to do in case of fire, how to do with gas leaks, what to do when accosted by strangers, what to do when going home alone, etc., and know how to call the police and some basic medical knowledge, so that the children can be prepared for anything, and do not panic in case of trouble. (Zhang Chunzhi Yucheng County Experimental Primary School, Henan Province, 476300, Sun Xiaoli Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, the 17th Middle School South Campus 050091)
13 safety education should be according to the time and place of the person
In the conduct of safety education, attention should be paid to the different regions and seasons prone to safety problems. For example, don't swim in dangerous waters and don't eat rotten and spoiled food in summer; don't skate in deep water and pay attention to fire safety and gas poisoning in winter. With regard to the safety problems that are likely to occur among rural boys, I especially emphasize to them that they should not swim, fish or play in ponds or reservoirs; they should not ride "hero cars" on the highway or drive motor vehicles; they should not carry controlled knives, and they should not take part in illegal and criminal activities such as gambling and fighting. At the same time, classroom teachers should pay special attention to and follow up on the few more mischievous and disorganized students. Especially closed schools, "special students" home on the day of vacation, parents should be allowed to call the classroom teacher to report safety; if the classroom teacher did not receive the safety information reported by the parents, they should call the parents to contact them in a timely manner. (Li Defeng Rongcheng City, Weihai, Shandong Province, the fifteenth middle school 264302, Sun Na Haiyang City, Shandong Province, Yucai Primary School 265100, Liang Meiqiu Nanning, Guangxi, Overseas Chinese Investment Zone, Overseas Chinese Middle School 530105)
14 Let students safely and healthily through adolescence
Schools, teachers, and parents must pay attention to the mental health education of adolescent students. Behind many suicides, running away from home and vicious incidents such as fights and assaults, it is related to the fact that we have neglected the psychological characteristics of students' adolescence. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen psychological quality education. Many students do not know what to do when they are hurt without any psychological preparation, and they do not know how to deal with them after being hurt. Schools should organize more lectures and other in-depth, practical education for students to cultivate students brave and alert, not afraid of the psychological quality of danger. (Li Defeng Weihai Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, the fifteenth middle school 264302, Wang Jieying Hebei Rao Yang Middle School 053900)
15 safety education to grasp the "degree"
If the children are afraid of insecurity on the overprotection, but is not conducive to the growth of students. Such as, in school time is not allowed to run, do not organize spring tour, at home, nothing is allowed to move, so too much "protection", can only be the pitfalls of the students. Students are natural persons, the future will inevitably have to go to society, the future of the safety of self-protection and self-help to rely more on their own. Therefore, parents and schools should not give up eating for fear of choking and reduce children's outdoor activities, but should allow children to have more contact with society and nature. Through contact with society, children can accumulate social experience such as how to recognize the characteristics of people at different levels and in different occupations; through contact with nature, children can get to know nature and adapt to changes in the natural environment. Also encourage children to exercise, physical fitness, conditions can also let the child to learn self-defense techniques for self-defense. (Wang Jieying Hebei Rao Yang Middle School 053900, Gao Cheng Hei Long Jiang Province Tailai County Daxing Town Center School 162408)
Three security system:
Not afraid of "there is a problem", for fear of "no defense"
To ensure the safety of students, it is well known that to ensure the safety of students, we must not be afraid of "there is a problem". As we all know, to ensure the safety of students, schools must have institutionalized security, no system of security work can never be truly scientific, comprehensive and effective. Because, without 10,000 can not cope with the eventuality - there will always be loopholes in the safety work without a system, the result can only be today's fluke and tomorrow's misfortune.
Below, we take the 5.12 earthquake in the "most cow" school mulberry outlet middle school as an example, to see what kind of system can make us can turn emergency into the norm, so that the miracle is no longer just a miracle - with the system and the implementation of the system, we could have made many In the above case of the children killed in the stampede, food poisoning, school building collapse, traffic accidents, fires, and even natural disasters, the whole body back.
(a) Institutionalization of safety responsibilities
1. Clear and strengthen the safety responsibilities of school leaders and teachers, the establishment of a safety organization, the safety area is divided into sections, the responsibility for the group, the implementation of the person, and a plaque in the form of a conspicuous position in the school.
2. Sang Zao middle school teachers "one job, two responsibilities" - everyone grasp safety. For example, the teacher is not after class to leave, but after class, recess, lunch and dinner, put the evening study and emergency evacuation - the largest flow of people in the building, standing in the stairway corner of each floor, to prevent overcrowding and trampling.
(2) safety education institutionalized
1. In order to strengthen the education of students' safety awareness, Sangjao Middle School has a weekly safety education class, located in the first section of the evening study hall on Tuesdays.
2. In the school class cadres, there is also a unique position, that is, by the school political and educational office directly managed by the "safety commissioner", that is, responsible for the safety of the vice class president, every week the school has to give the safety commissioner a meeting to review the week's safety hazards, and the deployment of the next week's safety measures.
3. Strengthen the education of self-protection. The school will make a set of pictures into a large newspaper,*** 44, image visualization to tell students in the encounter with lightning, flooding and bad guys and so on what should be done.
(C) safety drills institutionalized
1. Evacuation drills. Since 2005, Sangjao Middle School has been organizing a school-wide emergency evacuation drill every semester. At that time, the school will suddenly use a loud speaker to shout: the whole school emergency evacuation! The evacuation route and position to the playground are fixed for each class. (1) The student sitting closest to the front and back doors of the classroom is responsible for opening the door; (2) The first four rows of students in the classroom will evacuate from the front door, and the last four rows will evacuate from the back door; (3) The students will be divided into two columns, one way down by the staircase railing, and the other way down by the wall; (4) The students are asked to be quiet throughout the whole process of evacuation; (5) The students in the classrooms on the 2nd floor and the 3rd floor are requested to run faster so as not to (5) Students in the classrooms on the 2nd and 3rd floors are asked to run faster so as not to block the escape routes; students on the 4th and 5th floors are asked to run slower, or else they will cause a backlog of people in the hallways. (6) Teachers stood at the corner of the stairs on each floor to protect the students. During each drill, Principal Yeh would have the evacuation time of the entire school recorded, but instead of comparing speeds, he would only comment on the problems in each class. By the 2008 earthquake, the whole school has gone through six drills, it let Sangzhao Middle School 2300 teachers and students in the 5.12 earthquake after just 1 minute 36 seconds, all safe transfer.
2. Emergency simulation. In addition to the regular organization of evacuation drills, sangzao middle school also carried out a variety of emergency response simulation drills. In the safety education class, teachers through simulation of the scene, create a situation, let the students emergency disposal. Such as injuries in traffic accidents, how to carry out simple medical care treatment, and then immediately call the police, and ask someone to protect the scene. Emergencies occur, life-threatening need to escape to escape in accordance with the evacuation drill; do not need to escape, such as a sudden power outage in the evening study, students can not act without authorization, sitting in the classroom waiting for the school's unified arrangements. Education students collective meeting must be flat end chair, in order to prevent dragging the chair to go may trip over people or even cause a stampede. In short, all the local school has the possibility of emergencies are one by one simulation exercises, which greatly improves the students' emergency response capabilities.
(4) safety inspection and management institutionalization
Schools to develop scientific and effective safety regulations and safety plans. There are "Anxian sangzao middle school logistics service center management system and regulations (compilation)" "student dormitory management system" "sports meeting safety rules" "safety duty system" "safety work inspection system" "safety work assessment system" "campus security comprehensive governance management system" "fire safety evacuation (drill) program" "safety work assessment system" and so on 47 safety rules and regulations compiled into the "safety Compilation of 47 safety rules and regulations, compiled into the "Safety Work Required Reading". At the same time, the school also formulated the "safety work emergency plan", covering emergencies such as public **** health, fire and natural disasters such as earthquakes, campus stampede, food poisoning and other 24 emergencies and their response measures. Such as:
1. Monthly safety checks on the storage and use of toxic, hazardous, flammable and explosive substances in the chemical laboratory storage room. And a comprehensive inventory and collection of control knives and other contraband from students.
2. Weekly inspections of fire extinguishers, safety indicators and street lights, staff canteens, logistic service center equipment and facilities, checking the health status and standard operation of all practitioners.
3. When students leave and return to school every week, teachers are required to inspect outside the school, on duty at the school gate, escort the whole group of students to the station to take a vehicle without safety hazards, and register the food brought to school by the students.
4. Every day for the morning inspection and power outage emergency lighting checks, morning inspection is mainly on the students in place, physical health check and statistical summary.
5. Each class will insist on carrying out safety self-checks every month, so that students can find out the hidden dangers of insecurity around them and achieve the purpose of self-education and self-protection.
6. In the inspection of the hidden safety hazards found in a timely manner to analyze and study one by one, the implementation of rectification time, funding, responsible departments and responsible persons, in order to remove in a timely manner.
Example 1: management of the surrounding environment. Every weekend, parked near the school without operating qualifications of various vehicles, a serious threat to the safety of students, the school immediately reported this situation to the relevant departments. Under the coordination of the town government, a joint traffic safety remediation team was set up by the public security, transportation and other departments to carry out special remediation work for a period of one month, eliminating the hidden safety hazards.
Example two: school building facilities management. It is worth mentioning that that building Ye Zhiping, the principal presided over the repair of the experimental teaching building for many years. That building was built in 1983, the cost of only 100 yuan / square meter, the walls, floor are hollow, filler is just bamboo strips and cement bags and other construction waste, classroom walls, only the bottom of the ash, the height of the staircase railing is not enough and not solid. After the completion of the building no one dared to accept the acceptance of the building. 1995 Ye Zhiping as principal insisted on the building for three consecutive years for maintenance and reinforcement. He removed the upstairs very heavy brick railing, replaced with a light and strong steel pipe railing, and the whole building a major operation, re-pouring cement, thickening the load-bearing columns ...... lasted three years, spent more than 400,000 yuan to the cost of 160,000 yuan "tofu dregs" experimental building The company has been thoroughly reinforced. "5.12" that day, the experimental building did not collapse, when the building had more than 700 students and their teachers. It is the reinforcement of the teaching building so that in the event of an earthquake, the building stood firm, to the evacuation of students won a valuable time.
Editor's summary
School safety system, in addition to the student safety education system should also establish and improve: school safety responsibility and assessment system, school safety accidents and hazards reporting system, the school large-scale activities approval system, the school safety early warning and rehearsal system, the school teacher safety training system, school safety management and inspection system. Among them, the safety management and inspection system generally includes: the management and inspection of school facilities, fire safety, food and health, network and surrounding environment, attendance system, janitorial, duty and accommodation system.
Four foreign experience:
The stone of other mountains, can make up
France
France from the third grade of elementary school began to open the "road safety" course, educate students how to ride a bicycle, how to cross the street, so that primary school