President Hu Jintao said that the 30 years since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee have been 30 years in which the Party has united and led people of all ethnic groups across the country in emancipating their minds, seeking truth from facts and forging ahead in the historic and creative activity of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. During these three decades, China has made significant progress in all reforms in both urban and rural areas, especially in the three rural issues and in aspects related to the construction of social public **** undertakings.
In order to better and more in-depth understanding of the results achieved by these two causes, "eleven" during the four of us divided into two teams, respectively, have done a more detailed social research. The following is our completed investigation report.
"Seize the rural reform and opening up, you can grasp the initiative of the whole reform and opening up." And these thirty years, the rural areas of the change we have witnessed ****, rural institutional reform, the three rural issues, the construction of new rural areas ...... make the countryside has undergone a sea change. In the countryside to Wang Gao Ling investigation, we have a more profound experience of these changes, rows of neat rural district, a spacious road, road in front of the house, behind the house has a yard, the whole is a modern villa area. With excitement, we sent a questionnaire to 50 people in one of the residential areas, and also conducted special interviews with some people.
I. Rural housing conditions have changed realistically and dramatically. Thirty years ago, only eight families lived in simple wooden buildings, the rest were cottages or even thatched huts, and it was only in the following decade or so that buildings were slowly built due to economic development, and now all of these 50 families are living in the current rural neighborhoods due to the demolition of old houses. In our interview, there is a senior ninety old man excitedly told us: "I did not expect generations of earth house, stone table, fence wall, to today can actually live in such a good house, really thanks to **** the Communist Party ah!" Yes, in front of our eyes are unified construction of three-story villa-type housing, the house is very beautiful, better than some city houses. And the villagers now have home appliances and equipment is several times more than before, before the reform and opening up, a village has a few television sets has been very good, and now every family has color TV, refrigerators, washing machines, rice cookers are also essential to the family, 30% of the villagers also used microwave ovens, the roof can also be seen on every family has installed solar energy, the rapid changes really have to be let a person marvel.
Two. Villagers have a wealth of knowledge. In our investigation of the people's households, over 50 years of age are basically uneducated or only a few years of elementary school, illiterate or semi-literate class, can not read a few words. But when interviewed by us, they were able to communicate with us naturally and effortlessly in Putonghua, though not in a very standardized way; while the middle-aged people around 30 or 40 years old generally have secondary school education and above, and 40% of them are engaged in non-agricultural jobs though they live in the countryside; as for the younger generation, there have been more than 10 college students in the village, and the degree of their education is constantly increasing. I think this is inseparable from the importance of education, in this village villagers organized their own kindergarten, elementary school, junior high school, and supporting facilities are basically perfect, the children from kindergarten to learn universal English, parents in order to children to learn, almost regardless of the cost.
Of course, another effective way to enrich knowledge is the effective entry of foreign information. In order to keep villagers informed of the latest developments outside, the village committee has set up an information board, which is updated every Monday; 5% of the households have subscribed to various newspapers and magazines; and 5 out of the 50 households we surveyed have access to the Internet, which, together with the large color TVs in every household, has eliminated the dilemma of being in a poor and remote area and being blocked by information in the past.
Three. Rural transportation continues to improve. Listen to the villagers say, before the road in front of every house is mud road, a rainy day, do not wear rain shoes can not walk out of the door; and the road is very narrow, side by side to walk two people have difficulties, a tricycle over, do not know how to make way. Now, the state sends money down, not only to repair the main road, even the small road between villages has become a wide cement road, all the way to the door, cars can drive in. Previously, the road to the town are gravel road, but also potholes, rain a water, can only go to the most edge of the grass road, cars and motorcycles drive through, but also splashed all over the water; now do not have to worry about, because "all roads lead to Rome", and are high-grade asphalt road.
The ease of transportation has made it easier for the villagers to get around, with every one of the 50 households owning a bicycle, 60 percent owning a battery-operated car or motorcycle, and 16 percent owning a car. Now when the villagers want to go to the town or the city, they can walk to the intersection and there is a bus stop with a 10-minute frequency, which is very convenient. We all marvel at the fact that a two-hour journey can be reduced to 30 minutes, something we couldn't even imagine in the past!
Four. The increase in villagers' recreational activities. We can see, in the east of the district there is a fitness equipment site, just like the city neighborhoods in the same, an interview with the villagers told us that many rural areas now have these facilities, the purpose is to enrich the farmers' recreational activities, but also let the farmers pay more attention to health issues. Some of these facilities are suitable for older and some for younger people. Another villager also told us that in their village, some activities are held from time to time, such as singing, watching movies, performing circus and so on, which make the life of the people here more colorful. In our questionnaire, we asked them about their own and their family's travel situation, and almost all of them said that in the 70s and 80s, they never went out to travel, and at most went to the town to catch the market. But after the 1990s, there was a slow change. It was as if tourism had a driving force, and when one family went out, the other family wanted to go out as well, and now 70% of the families definitely go out once a year. The location of travel has also changed from the former principle of proximity to the whole of China, and one family has even traveled abroad.
Economic prosperity, social stability, people live and work in peace and happiness. The Three Gorges Project, a great project in human history; the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the world's most difficult to build railroad ...... we have accomplished one feat after another. The sixth speed increase of trains, the construction of Olympic venues, the inauguration of the National Grand Theater and the recent successful test launch of the Shenzhou-7 manned spacecraft ...... Our social public **** business construction is in full swing. Now, without going too far, let's take a look at the results of my survey of my hometown, Xiaoshan District 1.
First of all, what I feel most y is the reform of the country's education system, in Xiaoshan, the primary education penetration rate of 100%, with 44,000 primary and secondary school students in school. Most people think that the compulsory education tuition and miscellaneous fee reduction is a useful initiative of the state for every school-age child to be able to go to school; 75% of the people think that the present education facilities and teaching conditions have been greatly improved, especially from the original sand runway to the present plastic runway, from the blackboard teaching to the use of multimedia education; the rapid development of the teacher team, the quality of the teachers from the former college degree to the present requirements of the bachelor's degree and the master's degree.
Secondly, the construction of the social security system with the reform of medical and pension insurance as the main content. According to my general survey, my region in the county, township, village three-level medical preventive health care network is sound, medical and health infrastructure has greatly improved, the level of supporting facilities continue to improve. There are six large hospitals in the area I surveyed***, including two Grade 2A hospitals, including one newly built joint venture between the State and the private sector. Enterprise units offer annual employee health checks, and the State provides free health check-ups for retired laid-off workers, etc. The health of the people is constantly improving. The rate of disease treatment has risen more than a little. The state also for retired workers to buy old-age insurance, so that the old have to rely on, the old have a sense of security,; the old have to rely on.
Again, it is the improvement of people's housing conditions. An aunt in her forties talked to me about housing with deep feelings. She said in the past in the state single work, usually divided into rooms of 15 square meters almost the size of the to you or live in a group home. After the wage increased, moved to a simple unit building, children finally have their own single bed, furniture has become a combination of cabinets, we feel that life is much more convenient, living conditions have improved. Now with the pursuit of high-quality era, we have replaced the 3 rooms, 2 toilets and 1 kitchen in the community, also has its own garage, there are some community exercise equipment for children and the elderly to strengthen the body.
But from the survey, we know that there are still some problems in our country, such as the reform of the education system is not universal, medical malpractice is still frequent, pension insurance is not guaranteed, the housing conditions are wide gap between the rich and the poor of people's standard of living and so on. So we need to emancipate our minds, implement our responsibilities, and further improve and perfect our overall work in economic development, social construction, and maintaining stability.
It is obvious that the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up has brought about sweeping changes, with farmers' lives improving dramatically, the rural economy growing, and agriculture making unexpected progress; and the construction of social **** undertakings has brought great benefits to the entire nation, with young people having a sense of security and old people having a place to live, the whole country is showing a new atmosphere. But it can not be ignored, the potential problems are becoming more and more terrible: the gap between urban and rural areas is gradually widening, the disparity between the rich and the poor, the party integrity problem is worrying, natural and man-made disasters occur from time to time ...... China's reform will continue.
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