Problems in the development of green logistics in China
China's logistics industry has developed greatly since the introduction of the concept of logistics in 1979, but logistics activities have also caused great negative impact on the environment. At present, the development of green logistics in China, the main problems are:
Logistics infrastructure green level is not high, backward information technology
Currently, China's logistics industry is still Theo a relatively young industry, logistics infrastructure, supporting, compatibility is still poor, logistics technology and equipment level is low, mainly in:
The transportation mode between the different areas of the Lack of investment in hub facilities for interconnection between transportation systems. The potential advantages of water and civil aviation transportation have not been fully utilized, the transportation system lacks thorough scientific design, and the important impact factors on the environment (such as carbon dioxide, which causes global warming, and nitrogen-containing oxides, which seriously pollute the environment and jeopardize human health, etc.) have not been given sufficient attention.
Warehousing facilities are backward, the volume of storage capacity is small and scattered, a variety of integrated freight hubs, logistics bases, logistics centers, the slow development of the construction. The economic efficiency of the logistics center is not high, there is a serious waste of resources and manpower, contrary to the principle of saving resources in green logistics.
Mechanization, automation level is not high, seriously affecting the efficiency of logistics. For example, in the use of handling tools, manual handling trucks, push forklifts and ordinary lifting equipment accounted for more than 70%, while modernized handling tools such as visual forklifts are rare.
The level of technology and information technology is not high. Green logistics is a recycling logistics, to make logistics materials to be re-degradation and re-use, there must be advanced technology, but at present China's logistics materials re-degradation and re-use of technology are not good. A high level of information technology is a necessary condition for the development of green logistics, but some of the software developed by logistics enterprises in China is relatively low performance, and even if some software is more applicable, it is sometimes incompatible with the customer's system. In addition, many emerging information technology has not been well utilized.
Incomplete green logistics development "software"
There are huge obstacles in the management system, the government's leading role is not very strong. Logistics operations across different industries and regions, and management and belongs to different government departments, the functional departments of modern logistics lack of unity and coordination of strategic thinking, there is no specialized logistics department to plan the development of logistics, resulting in the dispersion and waste of logistics resources. The government has no forward-looking thinking about the prospects for the development of logistics, to a certain extent, there is still a laissez-faire phenomenon.
The strength of environmental education is not strong, and consumers do not have a deep understanding of green logistics. Consumers are pursuing green consumption, green enjoyment and green protection, and do not care enough about the green channel - logistics link.
Enterprises lack composite talents. As the concept of green logistics in China has not long been formed, many logistics enterprises have not yet fully established the concept of developing green logistics, not really have a sense of social responsibility, just symbolic adaptation to the needs of the times and environment, which is due in part to the logistics enterprise managers and business personnel of the comprehensive quality is not high. At present, many enterprises do not have both environmental knowledge and logistics knowledge of the composite talent.
Green logistics research theory and application practice is out of touch. As China put forward the concept of green logistics is not a few years, the research on it is just starting, the content of the research on the reality of the guiding significance is not very strong, there is a disconnect between theory and application practice.
Countermeasures for the development of green logistics in China
The development of green logistics in China is a long way to go, green logistics as a good environmental protection concept, to be recognized by the community and support, it must be from the development of its "hardware" and "software. To be recognized and supported by the society, green logistics must start from the development of its "hardware" and "software". At the same time the main body of the development of green logistics - enterprises, under the auspices of both, will certainly be able to push green logistics to the depths.
From the "hardware" to improve the green level of logistics infrastructure, green logistics channels
To green the logistics business, we must face up to the current situation of China's logistics, in the rational allocation of existing resources on the basis of the development of infrastructure construction, improve the design of logistics infrastructure support and network construction, avoid or reduce the duplication of construction. Construct, avoid or reduce duplication of construction and artificial waste. Mainly do the following:
The implementation of joint systematic transportation, give full play to the advantages of land, water and air transportation Joint systematic transportation refers to the absorption of railroads, automobiles, ships, airplanes and other basic modes of transport strengths, and combine them organically for the transportation of commodities in a way. We should choose and combine the modes of transportation organically and implement the joint and consistent transportation in the case of minimizing the logistics cost (including social cost). In addition, advanced information technology, data communication and transmission technology, electric sensor technology, electronic control technology and computer processing technology can be effectively integrated and applied to the entire ground transportation management system, and establish a comprehensive transportation and management system (i.e., an intelligent transportation system) that is real-time, accurate, and highly efficient within a wide range and all-around functioning, so that the public can efficiently use highway transportation facilities and energy, reflecting the green logistics and resource conservation. and energy, reflecting the nature of green logistics to save resources.
Reasonable planning of the layout of logistics outlets, the construction of modern logistics centers centered on the city Logistics center is a comprehensive, regional, large-volume material displacement of the concentration, which set the business flow, logistics, information flow and capital flow as a whole, to become the intermediary of production and marketing enterprises, is the soul of the entire logistics enterprise. For this reason for China's modern logistics center construction is slow, we should make full use of the city logistics facilities and infrastructure, consumer concentration and high demand, transportation and information characteristics of the development of modern logistics centers, and then drive the surrounding areas, small and medium-sized cities and rural areas of the prosperity of the development of the formation of an organic logistics system. In this way, the logistics center makes full use of the resources to form a higher economic efficiency.
Introduce advanced equipment to improve mechanization and automation Advanced equipment can effectively replace simple and repetitive manual work to save human capital and improve efficiency. Therefore, we should actively improve the equipment to increase the level of mechanization and automation (such as the use of automated handling equipment in the logistics center), so that green logistics in a wider range of areas to develop.
Use of advanced technology, strengthen the construction of information technology, the construction of green logistics development network platform The power of information technology can not only transform the old way of operation, but also can abandon the old rules and create a new way. It is with information technology that important measures for the development of green logistics, such as reverse logistics and *** same distribution, can be realized by overcoming high costs and realizing resource *** sharing in a wider range of areas. The development of network technology, through e-commerce, so that the logistics channel from the original "pyramid type" into a flat type, effectively shorten the procurement cycle, saving a lot of circulation costs. Therefore, we must guide enterprises to utilize advanced information technology and management technology, strengthen the bar code (BC), electronic data interchange (EDI), global positioning system (GPS) and other advanced technology applications, and promote the construction of online logistics information and business platforms, green logistics is also in the maturity of the network platform has a broad space for development.
From the "software" on the optimization of the management system, strengthen environmental education and personnel training
Overcome the obstacles of the logistics management system, strengthen the government's management function For the operation of China's modern logistics across the different industries and regions, the management of the lack of unity of leadership belonging to different departments, we should first establish the necessary coordination mechanism of government departments. Should establish the necessary government departments to coordinate the mechanism, with the system to unify the management activities, and secondly can be in the current reform of government agencies to clearly set up the logistics sector, comprehensive planning for the development of logistics.
Strengthening environmental education and raising consumers' awareness of environmental protection Low environmental awareness among consumers can be an external obstacle to the development of green logistics. Green logistics is sustainable logistics, need the active participation of the majority of consumers. So we need to carry out consumer green education, so that consumers understand the seriousness of environmental issues and relevant green regulations, and understand the advantages of implementing green logistics. Actively advocate green consumption, through the green consumption way to advocate the implementation of green logistics management enterprises, through the green consumption of public opinion requires the government to implement green logistics management.
Cultivate enterprise talents for green logistics development, strengthen the theoretical research on the application of green logistics We should strengthen the training of enterprise logistics talents under the beneficial cross-combination of logistics and environmental sciences, so that the enterprise management personnel and business personnel can become compound talents with knowledge of logistics and management as well as good knowledge of environmental protection.
Strengthening the theoretical research and practical application of green logistics First of all, universities should strengthen the theoretical research on green logistics to provide a theoretical basis for practical application; secondly, theoretical researchers should go deep into the enterprise to investigate and understand the actual situation, or let the enterprise personnel to participate in the theoretical research, and in addition to the exchange of the results of the research, so that they can be timely applied to practice.
The development and improvement of "hardware" and "software", and the mutual cooperation between the two, the result is to make the main body of the development of green logistics - enterprises, in line with the times. The result is that the main body of the development of green logistics - enterprises, in line with the trend of the times, the development of green logistics in the various processes of logistics activities, to establish a green image of the enterprise.
With the development of all economic integration, some traditional tariff and non-tariff barriers are gradually fading, green barriers are gradually emerging, and IS14000 has become the passport for many enterprises to enter the international market. China's logistics industry to occupy a place in the fierce competition, green logistics will be their inevitable choice to win market space and long-term development, to explore the development of China's green logistics countermeasures is very important, I hope that the research in this paper can provide some practical significance of guidance.