Clinical medicine jobs include: pharmaceutical representatives, pharmaceutical sales representatives, sales representatives, sales managers, product specialists, product managers, nurses, physicians, regional sales managers, surgeons, clinical medical representatives, investment managers and so on.
Clinical medicine employment direction
1, internal medicine
(1) traditional employment setback
With people's attention to health and health care more and more, the momentum of the medical industry is also more and more rapid, last year, internal medicine in the examination of the list of popular specialties ranked ninth. However, internal medicine is very important in employment is that the clinical work is not only focused on ability, but also attaches great importance to practical operational experience, the more well-known hospitals naturally the more important this is, which is also a disadvantage for graduates.
(2) New types of employment are booming
The reform of medical care, the Beijing Municipality will fully implement the responsibility system of family doctors, and the expenses of "family doctors" can be reimbursed by medical insurance, and individuals only need to bear a part of the cost, which will make the family doctors have a broader development prospects. This is undoubtedly good news for medical students, especially those specializing in internal medicine.
(3) Gold-plated to seek development
Only when one's own strength improves, there is a basis for improving the external conditions.In 2005, the overall employment rate of college graduates across the country was 72.6%, with postgraduates' employment rate at 91.9% and undergraduates' at 81.7%. Higher education can only be a high starting point, the survey shows that the average salary of master's degree students is about 1,000 yuan higher than that of undergraduates.
2, pediatrics
3, geriatrics
Population aging is a serious problem facing the world and our country. Along with this is a series of social problems such as medical care, social security, psychological problems of the elderly, how to solve the needs of such a large group of the above aspects has become an important and urgent problem to be solved.
One of the most prominent medical and health care for the elderly is the social demand for geriatric careers will be greatly increased. Society will be in urgent need of medicine, geriatrics, health care and nursing professionals, engaged in elderly health care. Such a large social demand will also bring rich economic returns for practitioners of this industry, but also will contribute to the physical and mental health of the elderly. So the geriatrics profession has a good employment outlook.
4, neurology
Neurological diseases have a high prevalence, high morbidity, high mortality and disability rate, has become one of the hot spots of research at home and abroad. At present, the neurological system, endocrine system and immune system composed of neuro-endocrine-immune network system has become the frontier of life science, with broad prospects for development.
The graduates of this specialty can go to the neuropsychiatry department of general hospitals, clinical psychology department and mental health specialized agencies, can also go to the medical research institutions and medical schools, engaged in medical treatment, scientific research, teaching work.
5, psychiatry and mental health
Objectively speaking, the mental health profession and other clinical specialties than relatively easy to employ, employment is generally large and medium-sized cities. China's mental health development to lag far behind the developed countries, and the regional differences between the north and south obviously exist. However, with the accelerated pace of life and interpersonal tension, mental problems are increasingly prominent, there is a lot of room for development. However, the overall income of mental health professionals in our country is low (relative to clinical) and we have to be psychologically prepared to be discriminated against by others. In short, the future is bright, the road is winding.
6, dermatology and venereology
This specialty and clinical departments have close links, but also has some of its own characteristics. Dermatology and venereology has developed into a wide range of independent disciplines. Its specialty includes clinical dermatology, venereology, leprosy, occupational dermatology, dermatologic surgery, dermatologic cosmetology, dermatophysiology, as well as some of the basic dermatology disciplines related to it. Therefore, the training of dermatology and venereology professionals, not only requires a solid grasp of the basic theoretical knowledge and operational skills of the specialty, but also requires an understanding of and familiarity with the basic knowledge of other related disciplines outside the specialty, so that in the future work, with the potential to promote the continuous development of the discipline.
7, imaging medicine and nuclear medicine
Imaging medicine and nuclear medicine is divided into radiology (including X-ray, CT, magnetic *** vibration and interventional radiology), ultrasound medicine and nuclear medicine three parts.
(1) the need for the development of the times
With the rapid development of computer technology, in recent years, the performance of medical imaging instruments have been greatly improved. At present, the medical imaging technology imaging clear, high resolution, not only can show the normal and abnormal structure of the contour and morphology, but also can observe the organ blood, metabolism and its function, has been widely used in a number of systems and parts of the various disorders of the examination and diagnosis, so that the level of diagnosis has greatly improved, in the clinic to play an important role. In the interventional diagnosis and treatment, there has been great progress, so that many diseases can be minimally invasive treatment, especially for some tumors, the therapeutic effect can be comparable with medical treatment or surgical treatment, and it has become one of the preferred clinical treatment methods.
Nuclear medicine is an emerging science that involves multiple disciplines in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It is part of the diagnosis as a whole, including the diagnosis and treatment of various human system diseases. In recent times, the rapid development and penetration of modern technologies such as electronic computer technology, nuclear electronics, nuclear pharmacology, cellular hybridoma technology, molecular biology and gas pedal miniaturization have continuously promoted the development of nuclear medicine, such as the emergence of molecular biochemistry PET imaging technology, which for the first time realized the study of the molecular level of the human body in vivo.
(2) compared with the advanced countries to be developed
After years of efforts of imaging medicine and nuclear medicine workers, China's imaging medicine technology in the field of clinical applications in many aspects of the international advanced level, and some research projects have stepped into the world's advanced ranks. But in the basic theoretical research, medical bio-engineering technology, including the development of computers and instrumentation, as well as the development of new imaging technology, compared with advanced countries, there is still a gap. Imaging medicine and nuclear medicine in some of the stronger regions and hospitals are developing rapidly, is the main basis and means of diagnosis of clinicians, the treatment of some diseases also need the participation of nuclear medicine doctors to better accomplish.
Overall, imaging medicine and nuclear medicine employment form is better than clinical, but this specialty for hospitals want very few people, it is easy to saturation. A few years later employment will be a problem! Learning test, forensic medicine, anesthesia on the form of the future will be better than imaging!
8, clinical diagnostic testing
9, nursing
(1) highly educated nurses choose career employment prospects
Nursing profession has been the international high status, one of the well-paid careers, at the same time, nursing is one of the international shortage of talent. Such as nurses in the United States average annual salary of 50,000 U.S. dollars, while the U.S. shortage of 300,000 nurses. In Australia, nurses are the easiest way to find a job or get promoted, and at the same time, as long as you have the qualification of registered nurse in Australia, it is equal to get a "green card" to work in the Commonwealth countries. Britain, France, Germany and other developed countries in the West have many preferential policies for nurses, therefore, nurses with profound professional knowledge, high comprehensive quality and fluent language of international communication in the international employment, development prospects are very broad.
At present, many hospitals in large and medium-sized cities in China have foreign-related outpatient clinics, and some joint venture hospitals and "foreign" hospitals are springing up in Beijing, Shanghai and other places. Therefore, if the nursing talent has nursing, nursing interpersonal communication, nursing etiquette and other professional knowledge, but also has a certain foreign language skills, then the employment options will be broader, can be engaged in foreign health care services in China, international technical cooperation and communication and information transfer.
(2) male nurses are sought-after target talent
It is understood that although nursing talent is one of the 12 shortage of talent this year but the enrollment of the nursing profession is extremely cold. Now the major hospitals on the demand for highly educated nursing talent is quite large. Highly educated nurses in addition to a wide range of knowledge and easy to communicate with a variety of patients in addition to their nursing research capacity is also relatively strong in the clinical more adept at identifying and analyzing problems and solving problems.
Additionally, male nurses are a highly sought-after target in major hospitals. Because male nurses appear in the operating room or emergency room and other labor-intensive departments wards than the weak female comrades more advantageous in the face of bloody scenes in the face of life-threatening patients male nurses with the doctor in a crisis action than female nurses to be fast and steady. Therefore, the rare and expensive "male nurses" have not yet graduated from the major hospitals "booked up".
10, Surgery
Surgery as a basic clinical medical specialty, in the 07 year exams ranked fifth on the list of popular specialties, while the previous years did not enter the top ten. This shows that with the improvement of the material standard of living, people's health and health care awareness of the enhancement, coupled with everyone has to go through the process of old age, illness and death, thus making the medical profession more and more hot. And for the nature of the surgeon's work, more technical, need to be physically fit to engage in, so the replacement is relatively fast, the demand for young talent is relatively large, so the demand for the market is not easy to saturation or saturation period is relatively short. At the same time, like neurosurgery, plastic surgery, foot and ankle surgery and other emerging surgical specialties require a large number of talents to fill the gap, in a considerable period of time this talent will be in short supply.
11, ophthalmology
(1) the development of society to appear new employment
In recent years, with the continuous progress of science and technology, ophthalmology has gained great development, the emergence of new disciplines such as ophthalmoscopy, ophthalmoscopy is a combination of modern optical technology and modern ophthalmoscience, the use of modern optics, the principles and techniques to solve the visual disorders of the emerging interdisciplinary. It is a medical specialty with both classical traditional colors and modern high-tech features, and is also a kind of interesting, challenging and rewarding medical profession. Compared to other medical specialties, ophthalmology has one of the highest employment rates.
(2) the current situation on the demand for talent
Currently, China's youth myopia incidence rate as high as 50% to 60%, accounting for about 33% of the world's total number of myopia patients, much higher than China's share of the world's total population of 22% of the rate; amblyopia incidence rate of 2% to 4%, the prevalence of low vision for 1% to 2%, the existing number of people wearing glasses is about 800 million people. At present, the global annual output value of eye-related optometric products is about 40 billion dollars, and we only account for a share of about 150 million dollars. Therefore, ophthalmology has a very broad prospect in our country.
12, otolaryngology
13, oncology
In the past few years, infectious diseases such as AIDS, SARS, avian influenza, and even the latest hand-foot-mouth disease have posed a great challenge to China's public **** health sector. However, chronic (or non-communicable) diseases, represented by malignant tumors (cancers), cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, are becoming more dominant long-term threats, both worldwide and in China. On May 19th of this year, the World Health Organization (WHO) made it clear in its latest report that non-communicable diseases are becoming the deadliest "killers" of mankind. Among them, malignant tumors are in the first place. In this case, the country's demand for oncology professionals can be imagined.
(1) Changes in people's health concepts
Nowadays, the aging population, smoking, environmental pollution and urban-rural differences and other factors are the "perpetrators" of China's rising cancer mortality rate, and it is not difficult to find out that due to the above reasons, digestive system tumors, such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer, have become the most common cancers in the world. We can easily find that due to all these reasons, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer have become the main types of malignant tumors in regions with high cancer incidence. People talk about cancer all the time. With the improvement of economic level, more and more people begin to pay attention to the examination and prevention of their own health condition. For a long time, China has been concentrating its limited health resources on the treatment of advanced cancer and neglecting the prevention of cancer, which is a worrying problem. The change in people's health concepts undoubtedly requires more talents in tumor prevention to contribute their efforts.
(2) Cancer prevention and control is the ultimate trend, and graduates need to deepen themselves
The continuous decline in cancer mortality in the United States is attributed first to the implementation of preventive measures such as tobacco control, followed by early detection of cancer, and then to the advancement of treatment technology and other factors. This experience and lessons learned can be used as a reference for China, where most of the tumor hospitals around the country have substantial incomes, but are losing talents in cancer prevention and treatment. There is still a lot of in-depth research on the pathogenesis and mechanism of tumors, and the development of positive and effective preventive methods is the top priority of the tasks in the field of oncology. It is undeniable that in front of the dreadful malignant tumors, the challenges of human beings are enormous, but human wisdom is infinite, and the society needs excellent talents in the professional field to innovate and make breakthroughs, so graduates from the field of medicine, especially in the direction of oncology, have to strive to improve their ability to better serve the public and even the whole human race.
14, Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiotherapy
(1) Employment Direction:
Graduates can be engaged in the rehabilitation department of general hospitals at all levels, physical therapy, acupuncture and massage department of the medical and scientific research work, can be in the community health service centers, sanatoriums, nursing homes, old people's homes, rehabilitation institutions, factories and other health care institutions engaged in medical or rehabilitation care, but also in higher education in teaching, research work. They can also be engaged in teaching and scientific research in higher education institutions.
(2) Employment Prospects:
China's population is large; it has entered an aging society; one of the "side effects" of the urban family planning policy is the increase in pressure on the support of the only child, which requires a socialized rehabilitation medical system. China's development is now very rapid, living conditions have been greatly improved, life is more and more leisurely, in the case of no other thirst, people are running for their lives, with the people's sports and the development of China's competitive sports, so rehabilitation medicine will have great development.
15, sports medicine
In recent years, with the development of medicine, sports science and other modern science, according to the competitive sports to improve the performance, the mass of sports activities carried out widely and the sick and disabled on the demand for sports medicine and rehabilitation, the connotation of sports medicine in the continuous enrichment, enrichment and development, and is getting better and better.
China's sports medicine is characterized by the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, which is valued by the international sports community. With the national "Olympic glory" and "national fitness" two grand plan. The important role of sports medicine is getting more and more attention. Along with the new century swept by the information technology revolution and biological science and technology revolution also for the sustainable development of sports medicine injected new vitality. The study of how to maximize human athletic ability, prevention and treatment of technical sports injuries, guidance of mass sports, application of physical exercise to accelerate functional recovery after injury and disease, and prevention and treatment of sports deficit disease and geriatrics have become the most important topics in sports medicine research.
It can be seen that the research, teaching, and clinical specialization of sports medicine require intermediate and advanced talents, and the employment prospects of graduate students in sports medicine are very promising.
16, anesthesiology
17, emergency medicine
(1) At the beginning of its establishment, there is a lack of professionals and a high demand
Like all professional disciplines in the field of medicine, clinical experience and lessons need to be analyzed and summarized by professionals. This is one of the necessary conditions for the development and improvement of each discipline. The same is true for emergency medicine, with the difference that it began with a great shortage of specialized physicians. But its development was rapid. Because it is a new part of the medical science, with the development of medical science, emergency medicine is bound to develop rapidly. In addition, it is a discipline to solve acute and critical illnesses, and to study how to more quickly, more effectively, more organized rescue cases of acute and critical illnesses, and to deal with the problems encountered in "disaster medicine", society needs it, the people need it. Therefore, from this point of view, emergency medicine graduates are in great demand.
(2) to be further developed, hard work needs to be considered
Emergency medicine is a young discipline, now many large and medium-sized cities, general hospitals and some specialized hospitals have set up an emergency department or emergency room, and is equipped with physicians, nurses and other medical personnel. However, at present, many hospitals have set up emergency departments only to focus on solving the administrative problems, while the important thing for the development of emergency medicine is the training of professionals, the establishment of a perfect emergency medical system and the improvement of the level of emergency medicine, and how to realize it needs to be engaged in the professional staff to conceptualize, practice and summarize. There is no ready-made model at present, and it is up to oneself to explore, design and build. International advanced experience can be learned and referred to, mainly need to combine with the actual situation in China, to create a suitable emergency medicine specialty for our society. Therefore, the emergency medicine specialty still need to further forward development, the employment of graduates is bound to get better and better, although emergency medicine graduate students is not difficult to find a job, but the intensity of work and environment requires certain physical requirements, so committed to the emergency class graduate students to be fully prepared.
Employment prospects for clinical medicine
1, the number of graduates is increasing, the employment difficulty gradually increased
In recent years, clinical medicine graduates from the supply exceeds the demand to the supply exceeds the demand, the difficulty of employment is increasing. As higher medical schools to expand the enrollment scale, the total number of clinical medical graduates increased significantly, intensifying the competition for employment. At present, the vast majority of hospitals are not focusing on the expansion of the scale of the development of urgently needed, with a certain level of qualifications of professionals, the situation of receiving a large number of graduates will not exist. Therefore, the employment of graduates of clinical medicine is becoming more and more difficult.
2, graduates of employment expectations are too high
Many years, clinical medicine graduates relative to other professional graduates employment certainty is relatively strong, the employment situation has been better, so that they lack of competition, no sense of urgency, more or less a little sense of superiority. Most graduates look favorably on big cities and coastal economically developed areas, positioning their career choices in cities, large hospitals, units with good economic performance, and their expectations of employment are too high. However, large cities and developed areas of health care institutions are becoming increasingly saturated, the competition in the medical personnel market is also becoming increasingly fierce. Comprehensive medical institutions in large and medium-sized cities and county-level medical institutions in economically developed areas need master's degree in principle, followed by obtaining the sixth level of English and the second level of computer certificates. Therefore, clinical medical graduates of the choice of career expectations are too high, resulting in the phenomenon of employment difficulties.
3, the contradiction between supply and demand of graduates
Mainly manifested as follows: 1. clinical medical graduates, but the demand is insufficient. 2. unbalanced supply and demand of academic level, medical units at all levels have streamlined the organization and the trend of streaming of personnel, so that the traditional clinical medical graduates employed in the main capacity to receive a decline in the demand for high-level medical personnel is becoming increasingly urgent, the emergence of the structure of demand level rise in the talents. 3. The structure of the demand level rise. 3. regional imbalance between supply and demand, economically developed regions and some central cities of medical institutions, demand is not much, but high requirements, want to go to more graduates, and qualified graduates less; economically underdeveloped regions and rural hospitals in rural areas and townships, but more demand for graduates are willing to go less.
In recent years, the rapid development of medical technology, knowledge updating accelerated, students should not only strive to improve their basic cultural knowledge as well as professional knowledge, but also to cultivate all aspects of knowledge and skills, to adjust their own mentality, pay attention to interpersonal communication, organization and management, verbal expression, hands-on and other comprehensive ability to continue to improve. When applying for jobs, many hospitals require job seekers to have a composite ability, not only to be familiar with the surgery, moved many cases of surgery, but also in the internal medicine or specialties have done a few years. In recent years, the rise of plastic surgery is also eager for talent. Traditionally small but very practical specialties, such as ophthalmology, stomatology, otorhinolaryngology, etc., the demand for talent is also growing. With the deepening of the health care system reform, private hospitals will get more development, which will make the clinical medicine students more sought after.
While the overall employment situation for graduates of clinical medicine is grim, the existing healthcare system is unable to meet the needs of more patients due to the increasing work and life pressures and the increasing prevalence of illnesses, as long as each graduate continues to work hard to find the right position, he or she will still be able to find a job that suits his or her needs.