RFID solutions can be classified by industry, such as logistics, anti-counterfeiting and anti-theft, identity identification, asset tracking management, animal tracking management, quick payment, personnel management, medical care management, oil and gas industry technology, railway management system, supply chain management, library management system and so on.
RFID logistics solution
Radio frequency identification can be used to track and manage almost all physical objects, so it can be widely used in all walks of life. Typical applications include:
(1) supply chain and logistics management
(2) Manufacture and assembly
(3) Handling of luggage, mail and parcels
(4) Identification, anti-counterfeiting, access control and anti-theft system
(5) Document tracking/library management
(6) Traffic management and urban planning
(7) Service experience and CRM
(8) Spatial positioning and tracking
(9) Pervasive computing
System scheme
1 objects and tasks
1. 1 warehouse management object
The main body of warehouse management is the warehouse administrator, and its management objects include:
(1) Inventory: the items stored in the warehouse are the fundamental objects of warehouse management; Inventory can be divided into three forms according to the existing forms: pallet, box and bulk. At present, RFID is not suitable for managing every small item, so the units that use RFID to manage items are whole cases and whole cases (including large items).
(2) Location: an area in the warehouse that is used to place inventory items and does not overlap each other in space. Usually, multiple inventory items can be placed in one location; Larger inventory may also occupy several positions.
(3) Warehouse management equipment: equipment used for warehouse management, such as forklifts and trolleys; In a large and busy warehouse, it is necessary to schedule and locate these devices in real time and reasonably in order to improve the utilization rate of the devices.
1.2 tasks of warehouse management
The main tasks of warehouse management are:
(1) warehousing (incoming inspection)
(2) Delivery (delivery)
(3) Relocation (supplement)
(4) Disk Library
(5) Generate various inventory reports as required.
2 overall design
2. 1 Basic ideas
(1) Put an electronic label on each position, which is called the position label. When performing warehouse management operations, you can read the tag number to determine whether the current location of the operation is correct.
(2) When goods are put into storage, an electronic label is attached to each inventory management item, which is the goods label. Labeled items should be whole pallets, whole boxes or large items that are easy to label. When working in the warehouse, read the number of the label to determine whether the work item is correct. In order to save operating costs, commodity labels are designed to be reusable. Take the goods out of the warehouse and send them to the warehouse for reuse.
(3) Set the wireless network to cover the whole warehouse operation area and transmit all operation data in real time. A fixed wireless data terminal is installed on the forklift, and a handheld wireless data terminal is manually equipped. The wireless data terminal has the functions of accepting operation instructions, confirming whether the operation position and articles are accurate and returning to actual operation.
(4) Taking AGV (Automatic Guided Vehicle) as the platform, RFID reader, control equipment and wireless communication equipment are installed on it. AGV vehicles equipped with reader equipment automatically check the warehouse at the set time every day and transmit the inventory results to the system management center.
2.2 system architecture
Warehouse management system design adopts the following three-tier architecture:
The first layer is capture, which mainly collects data through radio frequency identification equipment and other automatic identification equipment, including location tags, cargo tags, wireless data terminals, AGV vehicles and so on.
The second layer is mobile, that is, the collected data is transmitted to the central database through wireless communication technology, including wireless access devices and related network devices.
The third layer is the management layer, which manages the collected data, including database servers, network servers and other equipment and warehouse management system software.
3 system composition
The warehouse management information system consists of three parts:
(1) Warehouse Management Center Subsystem
Responsible for centralized management and maintenance of warehouse management database, making purchase plan and delivery plan, and issuing instructions; Print and generate various management reports.
(2) Warehouse management field subsystem
Issue warehousing labels, carry out real-time inventory management (location management), and issue warehouse management operation instructions through wireless network.
(3) warehouse management execution subsystem
Complete specific operations such as warehousing, warehousing, moving the library, and disk library, and return to actual execution.
4 system information flow
The information flow of the system is as follows:
5 operation process
5. 1 Manufacture and installation of position labels
Unless the position is adjusted or the label is damaged, the general position label only needs to be made and installed once. The operation steps are as follows:
* encode the position first.
* Use the computer and RFID reader of the warehouse management field subsystem to write the location code and other information into the electronic tag;
* Use a label printer to print the coded text and barcode information of this position on a paper label;
* Put the paper label on the electronic label to generate the position label;
* Install the location label on the location. Require firm installation to prevent falling off; And the label is required to be installed on the support beam directly below the warehouse as much as possible.
5.2 warehousing operation process
(1) Receiving inspection
Key inspection:
* Whether the delivery note is consistent with the purchase order;
* Whether the actual goods are consistent with the delivery note;
If not, refuse to receive.
(2) Making and pasting labels
The specific method is as follows:
* adopt the selected material coding scheme to code the warehousing materials;
* Making the product label: write the coded information into the electronic label, print the paper label at the same time (convenient for manual check), and then glue the paper label and the electronic label together to become the product label.
* Fixing labels on inventory: Considering the high cost of labels at present, in order to facilitate the recycling of electronic labels, labels are generally fixed on articles by hanging. If it is not recycled, it can be pasted and fixed.
(4) The on-site computer automatically allocates the cargo space, and gradually downloads the cargo space number and the item number corresponding to each operation to the wireless data terminal (handheld terminal or forklift terminal);
(5) The operator delivers the goods to the designated warehouse, and sends the goods to the warehouse after checking that the location is correct (if necessary, modify the goods number and quantity information recorded in the warehouse label);
(6) The wireless data terminal sends the warehousing information to the on-site computer and updates the inventory database in time.
5.3 outbound operation process
See the following figure for the outbound operation process:
(1) The central computer issues the outbound plan;
(2) the field computer compiles the outbound instruction and downloads it to the data terminal;
(3) The operator arrives at the designated warehouse according to the prompt of the data terminal;
(4) Take out the specified quantity of goods from the warehouse and rewrite the contents of the warehouse label;
(5) The goods are transported to the export, and the labels of the goods are removed;
(6) sending the information about the completion of the outbound operation back to the field computer;
(7) Update the central database.