⒈ nanomaterials: when the material to the nanoscale, about 1-100 nanometers in this range of space, the performance of the material will undergo a sudden change, the emergence of special properties. This is different from the original composition of atoms, molecules, but also different from the macroscopic material composition of the special properties of the material, that is, nanomaterials. If only the scale reaches nanometer, and there is no special properties of the material, also can not be called nanomaterials. In the past, people only pay attention to atoms, molecules or cosmic space, often ignoring this intermediate field, which actually exists in large quantities in the natural world, but only previously did not recognize the performance of this scale range. The first real recognition of its performance and cited the concept of nanometer is the Japanese scientists, they used the evaporation method in the 1970s to prepare ultramicro ions, and through the study of its performance found that: an electrically conductive, thermally conductive copper, silver conductor into the nanoscale, it will lose the original nature of the performance of the conductivity of electricity is not conductive, nor is it thermally conductive. Magnetic materials is also the case, such as cobalt iron alloy, make it about 20-30 nanometer size, the magnetic domains into a single domain, its magnetic properties than the original 1000 times higher. the mid-80's, people formally named this type of material as nanomaterials.
Peake nanodynamics, mainly micro-mechanical and micro-motor, or collectively known as micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), used in micro-sensors and actuators with transmission machinery, fiber-optic communication systems, special electronic equipment, medical and diagnostic instruments. A new process similar to integrated electrical design and manufacturing is used. Characterized by very small parts, the depth of the etch often requires tens to hundreds of microns, while the width error is very small. This process can also be used to make three-phase motors for ultra-fast centrifuges or gyroscopes, for example. In research there is also the corresponding detection of microdeformations and microfriction at the quasi-atomic scale, etc. Although they are not yet really into the nanoscale, but there is a great potential scientific and economic value.