The main contents of the standardized laboratory construction program include laboratory layout design, laboratory area and instrument placement, ventilation system design, electrical engineering design, water supply and drainage design, laboratory temperature and humidity requirements.
1, laboratory layout design
Laboratory layout design is based on the nature of the laboratory, laboratory target positioning, laboratory functional requirements, types of experiments and experimental processes and other factors, in accordance with the relevant national standards for the laboratory of the existing site for the scientific and reasonable function of the distinction between the layout of the work. Laboratory design requires laboratory designers must be familiar with our knowledge of architectural decoration, our laboratory standards and norms, familiar with the design of the laboratory experimental process.
2, laboratory area and instrumentation
Laboratory design should be based on the experimental process to determine the type of instrumentation, the number of specifications, specifications and models, dimensions, voltage and power and other parameters, as well as placement, the designer targeted to make the instrumentation power supply, drainage, air supply, pure water and exhaust piping interface design. According to the number of instruments and place the location to determine the area required for each area, divided into effective use of space. Instruments placed not only to facilitate the work, but also to consider the ground load-bearing problem.
3, ventilation system design
Laboratory ventilation system design is the most important laboratory design, but also the success or failure of the laboratory construction of key factors. Laboratory ventilation system design contains two aspects of the exhaust system and make-up air system. Based on fluid mechanics for comprehensive analysis and calculation, scientific and reasonable design of the exhaust system, and then achieve the design of the laboratory safety, comfort, energy saving and other purposes.
4, electrical engineering design
Laboratory electrical engineering design includes strong and weak power. Strong power mainly contains instrumentation, lighting sockets, etc., weak power contains: network, data communications, broadcasting, video surveillance and so on. Strong power design should be based on the instrumentation power summary, according to the function of the room, floor, the whole building level one level of statistics, based on electrical engineering knowledge for the design of the distribution system.
Each instrumentation room set up a separate room terminal distribution box, and the main instrumentation needs to be set aside a separate circuit, can not be connected in series with the room lighting or other sockets, which is mainly to meet the use of instrumentation and maintenance requirements. Floor distribution box should be placed in a dedicated distribution room, set the door lock, need to be managed by a person.
5, drainage design
Laboratory drainage contains tap water and pure water. Because the best way to use the laboratory water supply and drainage are concealed, so the design if there are omissions will bring great inconvenience and trouble to the later laboratory management.
6, laboratory temperature and humidity requirements
Laboratory temperature and humidity should be designed according to the experimental requirements, ordinary physical and chemical room using ordinary split air conditioning or multi-connected can be. For precision instruments room temperature and humidity have certain requirements, such as ICP, ICP-MS. There are some other special such as fiber testing, paper testing, textile fabrics, etc. have higher requirements for temperature and humidity. Designers in the design of such a laboratory is the need for standardized selection of materials.
Laboratory fire safety precautions
1, prevention-oriented, to eliminate fire hazards. Understand all kinds of knowledge about flammable and explosive substances and fire knowledge.
2, laboratory and experimental building is strictly prohibited smoking or burning other items. Fire hazards found in a timely manner to report processing, found that the fire initiative to fight, timely alarm (119).
3, the use of alcohol lamps should be strictly in accordance with the operating instructions.
4, laboratory security responsible person every day before leaving the laboratory, to make the necessary safety checks, turn off the water, power off, close the windows, lock the door.
5, the use of volatile flammable substances should be carried out in the ventilation kitchen.
6, the laboratory refrigerator can not store flammable and explosive drugs, must be stored, the drugs should be sealed tightly to prevent leakage, the refrigerator start fire caused by accidents. Refrigerator should be placed in a ventilated place, is strictly prohibited in the refrigerator behind the pile of debris.
7, according to operating procedures for the use of autoclave sterilization device to prevent explosion accidents.
8, to ensure that the safety channel is clear, not to store items to hinder the safety channel.