A perfect and reasonable *** procurement plays a great role in the effective use of social resources and the improvement of the utilization of financial funds, and is therefore an important part of financial expenditure management.
The specific *** procurement system is a general term for a series of laws and practices formed in the long-term *** procurement practice to regulate *** procurement behavior. Specifically, a *** procurement system includes the following:
i. *** procurement policy, including the objectives and principles of procurement;
ii. *** procurement methods and procedures;
iii. *** procurement organization and management.
Question 2: What does *** procurement mean and how is it done? *** Procurement refers to the state organs at all levels, the implementation of budgetary management of the serial units and social organizations to use financial funds, such as budgetary funds and extrabudgetary funds, in the form of purchasing, leasing, commissioning or hiring and other forms of acquisition of goods, works and services. In the international arena, *** procurement is including *** procurement policy, procurement methods and procurement management, including the *** procurement behavior of the general term, also refers to the public *** procurement management system.
What is a *** procurement system? *** Procurement system is a system that binds *** organs and public *** organizations to use market competition mechanism to procure goods, works and services to achieve the functions of public ***. The purpose and function of the *** procurement law is to legally enforce the introduction of market competition into the procurement practices of State organs and public **** bodies. Market competition is the soul and inner spirit of the *** procurement system. The effective competition, the cost of competition, the effect of competition, the equality of competition and the protection of competition, is the basic basis for the design of the contemporary *** procurement system.
The decisive factor in introducing market competition into *** procurement was the establishment of the principle of value for money as the first objective of the *** procurement system. In addition to the objective of economic efficiency, *** procurement has economic, social and environmental objectives, such as competition policy, prosperity policy, labor policy, industrial structure policy, regional development policy. But if these latter policy objectives conflict with the first objective of value for money, they should give way, and this is the key point at which contemporary *** procurement differs from traditional systems.
The introduction of competitive procurement methods and the establishment of the contemporary *** procurement system has dramatically changed the functions, systems and perceptions of traditional *** fiscal spending and consumption. Traditional *** procurement has many flaws. The profligacy and waste of taxpayers' money on business calculations is only one aspect of bad procurement, but more importantly, it also fosters bureaucracy and official corruption in the *** authorities.
*** Procurement, which occupies a huge share of the economic market and international trade, because of huge corruption and lack of efficiency, worsens the competitive environment in the market, hinders economic growth and technological innovation, and slows down the process of international trade liberalization. One of the reasons for bad *** procurement is the exclusive nature of *** procurement and its consequent immunity from competitive pressures. But the State also needs efficiency, and the State needs to spend at the lowest possible cost, as demanded by the interests of the nazis. The way out is to introduce market competition. *** At the heart of the procurement system is a competitive system for the award of procurement contracts. This system requires open tendering as the principle method of contract award. Depending on procurement needs and market supply conditions, there may be other contract award systems, such as selective tendering, restricted tendering, competitive negotiation and request-for-quotations procurement. As the competition for the latter modes of awarding contracts decreases from one to the next, the restrictions on their use become more stringent. The more competitive the contract award procedure, the more it reflects the essential requirements of the contemporary *** procurement system.
Question 3: What is *** procurement? *** procurement, refers to all levels of state organs, institutions and organizations, the use of financial funds to purchase goods, works and services within the centralized purchasing catalog formulated in accordance with the law, or the procurement of goods, works and services above the limit standard. *** Procurement not only refers to the specific procurement process, but also procurement policy, procurement procedures, procurement process and procurement management in general, is a system of public *** procurement management, is a *** behavior.
Question 4: *** procurement in the bidder refers to what 1, *** procurement in the bidder refers to the state organs, institutions, organizations in accordance with the law *** procurement.
2, related knowledge:
Bidder: refers to the bidding and tendering activities for the purpose of selecting the winning bidder for the purpose of proposing tender items, bidding for legal persons or other organizations. (Bile Chinese people *** and the State Bidding Law, Article 8)
Bidder: refers to the bidding activities in the bidding for the purpose of winning the tender in response to the bidding, participating in the competition of legal persons or other organizations, some special bidding projects, such as scientific research projects also allows individuals to participate in the bidding.
Purchaser: refers to the state organs, institutions, organizations and groups in accordance with the law *** procurement.
Acting bidder: that is, the bidding agency is established by law, commissioned by the bidder to organize bidding activities and provide relevant services on behalf of social intermediary organizations.
Acting purchaser: that is, the procurement agency is established by law, commissioned by the purchaser on behalf of the organization of procurement activities and provide relevant services to social intermediary organizations.
Question 5: *** Procurement refers to which aspects *** Procurement refers to the state organs at all levels, institutions and organizations, the use of financial funds to purchase the centralized purchasing catalog formulated in accordance with the law, or the procurement of goods, works and services above the limit standard.
In other words, it means that as long as you spend financial money, you have to implement *** procurement, including on the one hand, things in the centralized procurement catalog, on the other hand, is above the limit standard, the limit standard is set by the central or local, such as the central *** procurement has a separate limit standard, determined by the State Council, the limit standard of the provinces and municipalities, is set by the local ***, etc.
This is the first time that the centralized procurement catalog is used to purchase goods, projects and services, and it is the first time that the centralized procurement catalog is used.
In Beijing, for example, the limit standard is for goods to reach 500,000 or more for a single item or batch, 500,000 or more for services, and 600,000 or more for projects. If it is more than 800,000, it must be open for bidding.
Collecting directory:
A general category
1, goods: photography, video equipment, air-conditioning equipment, computers, monitors, printers, fax machines, copiers, projectors, projection screens, scanners, recorders, UPS power supply, mobile storage devices, shredders, printing equipment, servers, switches, furniture, elevators and cranes, boilers, cars, off-road vehicles, caravans, and so on. Sedans, cross-country vehicles, station wagons, buses, motorcycles
2, services: vehicle insurance, vehicle refueling, vehicle maintenance
Second, the special category
1, goods:
Disaster relief supplies, flood and drought relief supplies, agricultural supplies, reserve supplies, medical equipment and apparatus, traffic management and monitoring equipment, agricultural machinery and equipment, firefighting equipment, Police equipment and supplies, special teaching equipment, radio and television equipment, sports equipment, special vehicles, software
2, engineering: repair, decoration works
3, services: printing
Question 6: *** Procurement is what it means, how to do it In the international arena, *** Procurement is the procurement of *** Procurement policy, procurement methods and procurement management, including *** Procurement policy, procurement methods and procurement management. *** Procurement behavior of the general term, also refers to the management system of public *** procurement. What is a *** procurement system? A *** procurement system is a system that governs the use of market competition by *** authorities and public *** organizations to procure goods, works and services to achieve public *** functions. The purpose and function of the *** procurement law is to legally enforce the introduction of market competition into the procurement practices of State organs and public **** bodies. Market competition is the soul and inner spirit of the *** procurement system. The effectiveness of competition, the cost of competition, the effect of competition, the equality of competition and the safeguards of competition are the basic basis for the design of the contemporary *** procurement system. The decisive factor in introducing market competition into *** procurement was the establishment of the principle of value for money as the first objective of the *** procurement system. In addition to the objective of economic efficiency, *** procurement has economic, social and environmental objectives, such as competition policy, climate policy, labor policy, industrial structure policy, and regional development policy. But if these latter policy objectives conflict with the first objective of value for money, they should give way, and this is the key point that distinguishes contemporary *** procurement from traditional systems. The introduction of competitive procurement methods and the establishment of contemporary *** procurement systems have dramatically changed the functions, systems and perceptions of traditional *** fiscal spending and consumption. Traditional *** procurement has many flaws. Spending on commercial calculations and wasting taxpayers' money are only one aspect of bad procurement, but more importantly, it also fosters bureaucracy and official corruption in the *** authorities. Procurement of ***, which occupies a huge share of the economic market and international trade, deteriorates the competitive environment in the market, hinders economic growth and technological innovation, and slows down the process of liberalization of international trade because of huge corruption and lack of efficiency. One of the reasons for bad *** procurement is the exclusive nature of *** procurement and its consequent immunity from competitive pressures. But the State also needs efficiency, and the State needs to spend at the lowest possible cost, which is demanded by the interests of taxpayers. The way out is to introduce market competition. *** At the heart of the procurement system is a competitive system for the award of procurement contracts. This system requires open tendering as the principle method of contract award. Depending on procurement needs and market supply conditions, there may be other contract award systems, such as selective tendering, restricted tendering, competitive negotiation and request-for-quotations procurement. As the competition for the latter modes of awarding contracts decreases from one to the next, the restrictions on their use become more stringent. The more competitive the contract award procedure, the more it reflects the essential requirements of the contemporary *** procurement system.
Question 7: What is *** procurement? What does it mean? *** Procurement, refers to the state organs at all levels, institutions and organizations, the use of financial funds to purchase goods, works and services within the centralized purchasing catalog formulated in accordance with the law, or the procurement of goods, works and services above the limit standard. *** Procurement not only refers to the specific procurement process, but also procurement policy, procurement procedures, procurement process and procurement management in general, is a system of public *** procurement management, is a *** behavior.
Its significance is conducive to the implementation of the policy of administration in accordance with the law, to promote the standardized management of *** procurement; to improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds, safeguard the interests of the state and the community public **** interests, from the source to prevent corruption; conducive to the *** procurement of macro-economic policies to play the role of macroeconomic policy; the procurement of **** property into the "sunshine transactions ", so that the purchaser, supplier, procurement center of the behavior of the three in the open and transparent supervision, to establish a good image of ***.
Question 8: *** Procurement of specific items refers to what Who can help give a few examples *** Procurement of goods class is generally divided into:
1, electronic office equipment, including fax machines, steno printers, shredders, projectors, scanners, recorders, computers, printers, photocopiers, multifunctional all-in-one machine, cameras, camcorders, camcorders, digital all-in-one machine, Telephones, etc. and their office supplies toner cartridges, ink cartridges, toner, copy paper, printing paper, etc.;
2, all kinds of furniture, such as office, dormitory furniture, kitchen equipment, bedding, etc.;
3, electrical equipment, including televisions, refrigerators, freezers, air-conditioning, washing machines, microwave ovens, induction cookers, vacuum cleaners, water dispensers and other electrical equipment.
4. Network and storage equipment. Servers, routers, switches, modems, UPS power supply, disk arrays, disk cabinets, tape libraries, tape drives, hard drives, digital companions, voice recorders, U disk, mobile hard disk;
5, general software and software development design, upgrade. Including operating systems, database management systems, middleware software, office software, anti-virus software.
6, official vehicles. Including cars, SUVs, trucks, buses, motorcycles and so on.
7, video conferencing equipment.
8, all kinds of books and teaching materials.
9, central air-conditioning unit.
10, other goods.
Question 9: *** Procurement What does it mean *** Procurement, don't think of it as complicated, it is *** (noun) is equivalent to the customer, procurement, is procurement.
Generally speaking, procurement refers to corporate behavior.
Such as, the railroad department to purchase moving cars, ticketing system bidding, these are considered *** procurement it.