Radiological health standards by the nature of the standard is divided into the basic standards of radiation health protection, occupational exposure protection standards, public exposure protection standards, medical exposure protection standards, radiation sickness diagnostic standards and principles of treatment, monitoring norms and methodology standards.
I, the basic principles of radiation protection:
1, the justification of radiation events: also known as the reasonableness of the judgment, after the argument (cost and benefit analysis), the benefits of a certain radiation event outweighs the harm, that is, the principle of justification of ionizing radiation events.
2, the optimization of radiation protection: the principle of reasonably achievable as low as possible, that is, the minimum cost to obtain the maximum net benefit.
3. Individual dose limits: the lower limit of the range of unacceptable doses, i.e., the dose to which an individual is exposed should not exceed the corresponding limit specified.
In medical irradiation, that is, to ensure the efficacy or diagnostic results under the premise of giving the most appropriate dose, choose the best conditions and the most appropriate operating techniques to reduce the dose of irradiation to the lowest level.
Two, radiation health protection basic measures:
1, shall not be included in the radiological examination of children and infants and young children's health checkup program.
2, generally no more than one application of radiological examination techniques in health checkups per year.
3, health checkups should give priority to the use of ordinary X-ray photography, CR; conditional areas, recommended the use of DR instead of ordinary X-ray photography and CR examination. Health checkups shall not use direct fluorescent screen fluoroscopy; unless there are clear indications of disease risk (such as age over 50 years old and long-term heavy smoking, cardiovascular disease risk assessment of medium-high risk, etc.), otherwise it is not appropriate to use CT.
4, the medical institutions should be equipped with the necessary radiation protection for the examinee, the necessary protective measures for the non irradiated parts of the body. Strictly control the scope of the irradiation field, to avoid direct irradiation of sensitive organs or tissues adjacent to the irradiation field. X-ray examination of the abdomen or pelvis of women of childbearing age, should determine whether they are pregnant, not to pregnant women abdominal or pelvic radiography.