What is the use of genetic testing? First, to understand whether you have inherited disease-causing genes. People with a family history of cancer or polygenic genetic diseases are the most important candidates for genetic testing, so that early detection and early prevention can avoid or delay the possibility of disease. Secondly, the correct choice of drugs to avoid unnecessary waste of drugs and adverse drug reactions. Due to individual genetic differences, different people react differently to foreign substances (e.g. drugs), so some patients may experience drug allergy, redness, swelling and rashes when using normal doses of drugs, or when taking the same drug, some people feel that it works wonders, while some others are not only ineffective but also have side effects. Genetic testing helps to understand genetic fitness and assists in predicting possible drug reactions through the measurement of genes related to drug reactions. Thirdly, it provides the best basis for health risk management. Currently, many adverse environmental factors, such as air (PM2.5), water quality and pesticide pollution, coupled with poor lifestyle habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption, can induce genetic mutations and cause diseases. Genetic testing can understand the tendency of each individual in different diseases, and make comprehensive life adjustments or interventions to reduce the risk of delaying the occurrence of diseases. For example: if you are found to have susceptible genes in your lungs through genetic testing, you should go to places with dirty air less often, do less strenuous exercise, and regularly maintain and test your lungs; if you have susceptible genes for liver disease, you should drink less alcohol, be optimistic, and get angry less often, and at the same time take measures to avoid contact with infectious sources of liver disease, and so on. Fourth, genetic testing for disease diagnosis, detection of mutated genes that cause hereditary diseases. Currently the most widely used base is the detection of hereditary diseases in newborns, the diagnosis of genetic diseases and the auxiliary diagnosis of certain common diseases.
As a basic technology in the field of life sciences, genetic testing can be used in a variety of industries such as agricultural breeding, forensics, food safety, and healthcare. In the healthcare field, there are three types of application scenarios: scientific, clinical, and consumer.
Scientific research applications are aimed at scientific research institutions, universities and pharmaceutical companies as basic research and drug development.
Clinical applications are for pregnant women and patients, such as reproductive health (non-invasive prenatal screening, preimplantation embryo genetics testing, newborn genetic metabolism testing), genetic disease screening, tumor diagnosis and treatment (early screening, molecular typing, medication guidance, and prognostic testing), and so on.
As sequencing technology continues to advance and the cost of sequencing gradually decreases, genetic testing is beginning to be applied to the field of public health.
Gene chips, also known as DNA microarrays, are the mainstay of consumer-grade genetic testing products in the last few years. Gene chips, also known as DNA microarrays, integrate a large number of known sequence probes on the same substrate (e.g., slides, membranes), where a number of labeled target nucleotide sequences are hybridized with the probes on a specific site on the chip, and the genetic information of the organisms is analyzed by detecting the hybridization signals.
Gene chip technology is relatively low-cost, but it can only detect certain sites of known genes, which means that when new genes are added to the study in the future, the relevant information cannot be obtained. It also has a high false-positive rate and needs to be improved in terms of accuracy.
WES whole-exome sequencing technology has recently been applied to public health genetic testing. Whole-exome sequencing is a technology that sequences and analyzes all the exons of a gene. Whole-exome sequencing is the sequence of genes in the human genome that can be expressed and translated into proteins that directly perform various physiological functions in the human body. Mutations in many exons can directly affect the structure and modification of proteins, thereby affecting their function and triggering a series of physiological phenomena or diseases.
The first advantage of WES technology lies in its comprehensiveness, which can be interpreted on the basis of current research; compared with microarray testing, in addition to detecting known gene loci, it can also discover new-onset mutations. The application of WES technology to consumer genetic testing will greatly improve the quality of consumer genetic testing products. circleDNA round gene is the application of WES technology, can provide consumers with 500 reports, far more than the content of the chip-based genetic testing report.
The second advantage of WES technology is that it is dynamic and lifelong, meaning that 500 reports are not the end of the road. Reports are provided based on known data studies, while unknown data is retained for life, with additional interpretations as scientific research evolves. This is also beyond the reach of microarray technology that does not have the entire exome detected.
So what is the role of consumer-grade genetic testing for our mass health population?
Consumer-grade genetic testing is aimed at the public health consumer, and can help people better understand themselves and guide a healthy life, such as rational diet, scientific exercise, personalized guidance on safe medication, targeted skin management and disease prevention.
Genetic sequencing is a new type of genetic testing technology that analyzes and determines the full sequence of genes in blood or saliva, predicting the likelihood of developing multiple diseases, and the behavioral characteristics of an individual, as well as the reasonableness of his or her behavior. Currently, the most advanced gene sequencing technology in the world is Whole-Genome Sequencing, which can sequence all the genetic information carried by an organism, including base pair sequencing of known genes and unknown functional regions on all nuclear chromosomes, as well as base pair sequencing of organelle genomes, and it is the most comprehensive way to analyze the genome, and is able to obtain information about life from the complete genetic code. complete genetic code to obtain information about life. Whole-gene sequencing provides a high-resolution, precise base-by-base view of the genome, capturing genetic variants to the greatest extent possible, and realizing the goal of once-sequenced, lifelong interpretation
Theoretically, knowing the sequence, one can determine the genes of the person, and thus be able to know the person's phenotypic characteristics, or susceptibility to those diseases, and the possibility of what diseases they may get in the future, as well as their future genetic inheritance to their children, etc.... But for now, the whole genome of an individual is not useful, because we know too little about the sequences in the genome, such as SNP-associated diseases, polygenic diseases, and so forth. In scientific research whole genome sequencing can provide us with databases to analyze relevant features.
1. Explain what is a gene
Human beings are composed of cells, most cells have a nucleus, the nucleus contains a large number of chromosomes, chromosomes are composed of double-stranded DNA, the DNA chain consists of deoxyribonucleotides, deoxyribonucleotides are composed of bases, phosphoric acid, and nitrogenous bases, and the sequence and order of the bases on a piece of DNA with a genetic function is called a gene
A gene is a gene, and it is a gene. The sequence of bases and the order of bases in a segment of DNA that has a hereditary function are genes
2. Interpretation of gene sequencing
Detection of the order of genes is carried out using scientific methods such as chemical sequencing, Sanger method sequencing, and so on. Sequence of genes
Applications
Gene sequencing, originally a laboratory research technique, is used in high-end medical checkups and prenatal diagnosis due to the "celebrity effect" and is very expensive. Gene sequencing is most widely known, the movie star Angelina Jolie through genetic testing, choose to surgically remove the mammary gland in order to reduce the risk of breast cancer, died in 2011, Apple founder Steve Jobs cancer, also received a full gene sequencing.
The probability of one's disease is determined by the order of the genes. Prenatal screening for Down syndrome
I'm in the gene sequencing industry, so let me say this. The technology of gene sequencing is constantly evolving, and simply put, it is the technology that detects the order of the bases of DNA in an organism through either optical or nowadays microchip methods. DNA has four types of bases, A,T,C,G, and the order of the bases is varied, which creates a wide range of living organisms in the world.
Genetic sequencing can be used in a wide range of applications, whether it is to explore the causes of human diseases and treat them, or to prevent genetic diseases. Plant diseases, plant transformation, the transformation of new varieties, the improvement of microorganisms need to know the gene sequence, and then make the appropriate changes to achieve
This is also through the blood and saliva detection, this I know that the Anhui Chaohu side of the do quite well, as if it is called the gta a software is their bar. I'm not sure if you're going to be able to find the best way to do this, but I'm sure you'll be able to find it.
Western medicine, no use at all.
Miraculous country, all the credit of Lotus Qing Wen, against modern science, a few thousand years ago the sheepskin bag to fight the world.
Gene sequencing is the process of determining the sequence of base pairs of genes in the nucleus of a species' cell with a sequencer.
The human nuclear gene is composed of four bases, ATGC, which can be sequenced in different orders to form a double helix with another complementary sequence.
The gene sequence contains all the genetic information of the human body, which is different for each person, and can be used for disease detection, paternity testing, police forensics, and so on.