It takes a lot of people to manage a site site, however most people don't know how to manage site site safety. Below is a list of site site safety management knowledge that we hope will help you.
Site safety management knowledge
First, the production safety responsibility system
The so-called production safety responsibility system, is in the form of a system, clear leaders at all levels and all types of personnel in the production of activities should be responsible for the safety of the duties, it is the most basic system of enterprise safety management, is the core of all the safety rules and regulations, which includes the following three aspects:
1.
1, enterprise leaders at all levels of safety responsibilities
As our building construction enterprises, it includes the enterprise legal person, the manager in charge, the chief engineer, the project manager, the construction team leader, the safety officer and other management personnel of the production safety responsibility system.
2, the enterprise's production safety responsibilities of the relevant functional departments
It includes the production department, technical departments, machinery and equipment departments, material departments, etc., the functional departments in their respective areas of responsibility, the department is responsible for the production safety.
3, the safety of front-line workers
It includes various types of work: masonry, carpentry, steelwork, erection, welding, electricians, heavy lifters and other types of work safety rules and regulations.
The project manager of the construction site is the first person responsible for project safety, and is responsible for the overall leadership of project safety.
After the establishment of a sound system of responsibility for the production safety of the above, the responsibility must be realized to the specific personnel, regular target assessment of the previous stage.
Second, whether the construction site has a complete safety production construction organization design program, as well as the main content of the program must be clear.
1, safety production construction organization design
A construction site, if there is not a complete safety production construction organization design as a guide, based solely on the idea of where to dry to where it is not good to engage in production safety work. Before the start of the project, the safety production technology department should be based on the actual situation of the project, combined with the construction site of hydrology, geology, meteorological climate, seasonal changes and other specific factors affecting the development of practical safety construction organization design, and by the unit of the technical director of the review and approval before being put into practice in the construction process, but also according to the special circumstances of the project in a timely manner to make the appropriate adjustments and improvements. In addition, large groups of projects or complex structures of key projects, which are more specialized projects, including: deep pit support, high headroom scaffolding works, template support, lifting and hoisting operations to prepare a separate special safety construction organization design, and in the process of implementation according to the design of the strict supervision, in order to guard against the unexpected. In 2OOO years, Nanjing TV studio roof, due to the production safety construction organization design is not tight, the project manager to take it lightly, ultimately leading to the template support instability, in the pouring of concrete collapsed, resulting in a major safety accident.
2, engineering safety and technical measures briefing
Before the start of the project, the project engineer should be the specific circumstances of the project, the construction methods of sub-projects and safety and technical measures to participate in the construction of the project manager, foreman and workers to carry out the safety and technical briefing, before the start of the sub-projects, the project engineer must be a single project to carry out the safety and technical briefing, the safety of the briefing should be a desk account Records, with the signatures of both parties and the date of submission.
3, all construction personnel pre-job training and education
All personnel to participate in the construction, must be three levels of safety education and then on duty, the special operators must be entitled to departmental training and qualified to work with a license.
With the above software assurance measures, for the main points of construction safety, safety production supervision and management personnel must focus on the following aspects of hardware inspection: scaffolding erection is in line with the specification requirements, the site of the temporary electricity is safe and reliable, all types of construction machinery and equipment is sensitive and effective, the use of safety three treasures, the four mouths, the five edges of the protection in place to implement the above measures, can be effective. Above a few measures, you can effectively prevent the occurrence of four major injuries in the construction industry (fall from height, object strikes, electric shock casualties, mechanical damage).
Third, scaffolding works
Scaffolding erection requirements:
1, pole
In addition to the top layer can be lapped, the rest of the joints must be connected using docking fasteners, docking fasteners should be cross-arrangement of adjacent pole joints can not be located in the synchronization of the same span, staggered distance of not less than 500MM, the length of laps of the pole is not less than 1M, no fewer than two Fasteners fixed. The horizontal distance of the uprights is suitable between 1.05-1.3M, and the vertical distance is suitable between 1.5-1.8M.
2, horizontal bar (large horizontal bar)
Longitudinal horizontal bar should be set in the inside of the vertical bar, the length of which should not be less than 3 spans, can be lapped or butt joints, lap joints, lap length of not less than 1M, equally spaced three rotating fasteners fixed, butt joints, joints can not be set in synchronization with the same span, transverse horizontal bar (small horizontal bar) should be set in the longitudinal horizontal bar of the lower side of the main knot must be Transverse horizontal bar (small horizontal bar) should be set in the lower side of the longitudinal horizontal bar, the main junction must be set, with right-angle fasteners fastening, the outreach length of the side against the wall is not more than 500MM, the small horizontal bar of the working layer should be set at equal distance, and is not more than 1/2 of the longitudinal distance, i.e., about 900MM.
3, scissor braces
The width of each scissor brace across the uprights in 5-7 appropriate, and not less than 6 meters, inclined pole and the ground inclination angle between 45 degrees -60 degrees, the outer side of the scaffolding must be set up at each end of a scissor brace, the middle of each scissor brace between the net distance is not greater than 15M, scissor brace diagonal pole is appropriate to use lap joints, and the length of not less than 1M, not less than 2 rotary Fasteners fixed, scissor shear must be synchronized with the vertical and horizontal rod lap, its lower end must be supported on the mat.
4, transverse diagonal bracing
Height of 24M or more scaffolding transverse diagonal bracing should be set up at least every 6 spans, both ends must be set up, in the same section, from the bottom to the top of the zigzag continuous setting.
5, with the wall
Scaffolding with the wall is to prevent scaffolding is an important guarantee of instability, it can be used flexible tie and rigid tie, flexible tie is in the building structure of the pre-buried rebar ring, with a small crossbar on top of the wall, and in the intersection of the vertical bar and small crossbar near the intersection of the bar with the bar around the vertical bar and the bar ring tied to form a support for a tie, the bar should be used more than 4MM steel wire twisted into a strand, not less than 2mm. Twisted into one strand, not less than 2 strands of tension, flexible connection can generally only be used in the height of 25M below the scaffolding. Steel tie: generally use steel pipe, fasteners composed of rigid connecting rod, in the window opening or concrete column, using steel pipe and fasteners tie, fasteners should not be less than 2, each connecting wall piece should cover an area of less than 40M2, and the vertical spacing within 3 steps, the horizontal step should be within 3 longitudinal distance.
6, scaffolding board laying requirements
Construction work layer should be full of scaffolding boards, can be used wood, bamboo boards, etc., scaffolding boards at both ends and the horizontal crossbar fixed, the length of the joints should not be greater than 150MM.
Fourth, the site of the temporary use of electricity
Electricity casualties in the construction industry is one of the four major injuries, therefore, the construction of the site of the electrical safety of the construction site relates to the survival of every construction enterprises of life and death.
According to the standard issued by the Ministry of Construction, "Construction Site Temporary Electricity Safety Technical Specification" (JGJ46-88) provides that the construction site should be required to prepare a temporary electricity construction design, which should include: determining the power supply into the line, distribution room, the total distribution box, the distribution box and the setup of the line step to the direction of the selection of the transformer capacity, the cross-section of the conductor and the specifications of the electrical appliances, types, drawing electrical appliances and wiring system diagrams. Plan and wiring system diagram, the development of safe electricity technical measures and electrical fire prevention measures.
1, external power protection
The construction site of the outer edge and the external power overhead lines must be maintained between the safe operation of the distance between the following 1KV, 4M, 1-10KV 6M, 35KV-110KV 8M.
Tower crane of any part of the side and the overhead line below 10KV or the minimum horizontal distance shall not be less than 2M.
2, grounding and zero protection
Grounding: electrical equipment with grounding wire connected to the grounding body, known as grounding.
Zero: electrical equipment and zero line connection is called zero.
Grounding is divided into work grounding, protective grounding and repeated grounding.
Protective grounding: the metal casing of electrical equipment and mechanical equipment metal frame grounding.
Zero line: electrical equipment for the operation of the need to lead the zero line, known as the work of the zero line.
Protective zero line: from the work of grounding or distribution room of the zero line or the first level of leakage protector power side of the zero line lead, specifically used to connect the normal non-electrically conductive part of the electrical equipment part of the wire, known as the special protective zero line.
The protective zero line and the working zero line separate wiring system called TN-S system.
(JGJ46-88) "Construction Site Temporary Electricity Safety Technical Specification" requires that the construction site must use the TN-S zero system, that is, the three-phase five-wire system, the work of the zero line and the protective zero line distinction.
The role and requirements of the three-phase five-wire system:
1, to prevent in the case of TN-C three-phase four-wire zero protection, due to the *** with the work of the zero line and make it electrified, resulting in electrocution accidents.
2, to prevent mixing: PE yellow/green two-color special line dedicated to the shell of the equipment and the box outside the protective zero line, not allowed to work as a zero line and phase line.
Requirements for erection:
(1) The protective zero line is strictly prohibited through any switch and fuse.
(2) The protective zero line as a zero protection of the special line, can not be used for other purposes, the cable must be used five-pistil cable.
(3) The protective zero line shall not be electrically connected to the working zero line anywhere except from the working grounding line (transformer) or the zero line on the power side of the main distribution box.
(4) Repeated grounding must be on the protective zero line, the working zero line can not add repeated grounding.
(5) In addition to the protective zero line must be in the main distribution box for repeated grounding, but also in the middle of the distribution line and the end of the repeated grounding.
Three-phase five-wire wiring system common problems:
(1) sloppy grounding
(2) zero-ground mixing
(3) not use the five stamen line
(4) insufficient attention to the test of grounding resistance
3, three-level distribution, two levels of protection
Three-level distribution: the main distribution box, distribution boxes, switch boxes, power distribution and lighting distribution should be separate. Distribution and lighting distribution should be set up separately
Two levels of protection: sub-distribution box and switch box must be protected by leakage protection switch, the total distribution box electrical configuration
The total distribution box should be equipped with a total isolation switch and sub-distribution isolation switch, the total fuses and sub-fuses (or the total automatic switch and sub-distributor automatic switch), and in addition should be equipped with a voltmeter, the total ammeter, the total meter and so on.
Electrical configuration of sub-distribution box: If the total distribution box is equipped with a leakage protection device, the sub-distribution box must be set up leakage protector, the sub-distribution box should be equipped with disconnect switches and fuses.
Switch box configuration: each power equipment should have their own dedicated distribution box, must implement a machine and a box a leakage protection system, it is strictly prohibited to use the same switch box to control two or more power equipment (including sockets)
Fifth, the construction of machinery and equipment:
1, tower cranes
Focused on checking the test report of the crane, the scene to see all kinds of restrictions, limit devices and insurance devices.
2, gantry
focus on checking whether the installation of the frame is stable and reliable, limit insurance device is complete and effective, whether the brake is sensitive and reliable, rope breakage protection is effective, the cable rope must be used more than 9MM wire rope anchored reliably, the basket has a safety door and the side of the stalls, the floor unloading platform protection is tight, lightning rods, grounding is reliable.
3, small and medium-sized equipment
focus on checking whether all kinds of protective devices are complete and effective, transmission part of the operating conditions, grounding, zero protection and so on.
Six, safety? Three treasure, four mouth, five edge? Protection
The correct use of safety three treasures, into the construction site must be correctly fitted helmet
The role of the safety net: used to prevent people, things falling, or used to avoid mitigating falls and object strikes injury, safety net is divided into flat net, vertical net and mesh safety net, at present, Dongtai area commonly used mesh safety net, mesh safety net standards: in 100 square centimeters Area of more than 2,000 mesh, penetration resistance test, the net and the ground into a 30-degree angle, 5 kg?48MM steel pipe at a height of 3 meters free fall can not be penetrated.
The use of safety belts to prevent injuries and deaths of people working at height fall, its use should be high hanging low, not allowed to use the rope knot, and should not be hooked directly on the rope to use, it should be hung on the connecting ring.
Hole edge protection: hole, stairway, elevator shaft, derrick access
Edge: construction site edge without enclosure facilities of the work surface known as the edge, including stairway edge, floor edge, roof, balcony edge, edge of the platform, platform, eaves edge.
Holes, edges should be set up at the eye-catching protective railings, by the upper and lower two crossbar and railing columns, the upper bar height 1.0-1.2 meters above the ground, the lower bar height 0.5-0.6 meters above the ground.
Site marking basics
1, signage set up in the conference room or the main construction site at the mouth of the eye-catching channel.
2, the signage is made of aluminum composite panel, the surface layer of the outdoor car stickers, the perimeter of the 30 mm stainless steel wrap.
3, signage width x height = 1500x900.
4, hanging in the site of the main access to the mouth of the aluminum composite panel, the surface layer of the outdoor car stickers, the perimeter of the 30 mm stainless steel edging.
5, the signage is black letters on white background.
1. Courage to cross the pursuit of excellence.
2. Pragmatism, innovation, integrity and law-abiding, unity and dedication.
3. Development-oriented, efficiency first, feedback to employees, dedication to society.
4. I am honored by the Bureau, I am ashamed by the Bureau's decline, I won the Bureau's strength, I lost the Bureau's weakness.
5. Dedication to work, compliance, honesty and trustworthiness, quality service.
6. Work together, the same boat ****, the will of the people, *** create brilliant.
7. People-oriented, build an excellent corporate culture, advancing with the times, and creating brilliant China Railway.
8. Honoring contracts and keeping promises to maintain the good reputation of the enterprise, precise management and science to shape a new image of the Group.
9. Doing a project to build a monument, broadcasting a piece of fame, and making friends.
10. Love my company, revitalize my business.
11. Solidarity and hard work to revitalize the enterprise.
12. Create high quality, abide by the credibility of the enterprise for the glory of precision management, efficiency and color for the enterprise.
13. Respect for owners and convenience for users.
14. Love and dedication to make contributions.
15. Who is a hero and who is a good man, the labor competition than than see.
16. The road construction workers are heroic and bold.
17. Create a civilized site to show the window project.
18. The enterprise is my home, the development depends on everyone.
19. There must be a place for it, and if you don't do it, you will lose your position.
20. I am proud of the enterprise's prosperity, and I am ashamed of the enterprise's decline.