Preface: occurred in the Spring Festival of 2020 the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, outbreaks of extremely fast, infectious fast, due to the short-term outbreak, leading to a shortage of beds across Hubei Province, extremely tight treatment capacity. The outbreak, resulting in Hubei Province around the admission capacity is extremely tense, not enough beds, medical manpower, supplies and lead to a lot of many people can not be admitted in a timely manner, can only respond to the policy when the home self-isolation, but the problem is that even to the stage of serious illnesses, there is no beds, there is also no hospital admissions, hospitals will always have hundreds of people lined up waiting for admissions, coupled with the stoppage of public **** transportation, a lot of people in the The designers heard the news and felt pained and sighed
However, according to the statistics, in addition to the provinces and cities other than Hubei province, the disease and death rate of the epidemic are in fact very low, we can not help but ask, why is the disease and death rate in Hubei province alone is so high? If you want to take into account the medical level of this factor, Hubei Province compared to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, a few economically developed provinces, its medical level is not much worse than other provinces, and even its medical level is higher than many provinces, and this time also gathered the medical power of the whole country to support the Hubei, so this reason can not be very good explanation of the difference in the rate of death of the disease is so big, the reason. Further, we combined a large number of phenomena and a large number of network help information, careful observation and deduction found that a larger part of the reason is because they can not get timely admission and did not get a good isolation of self-help measures, delayed leading to rapid deterioration of the condition without any self-help measures caused by the death of the case
Data source: Dr. Clove as of 2020/2/11
From The cure rate in the chart above shows that Hubei's cure rate is basically in sync with the national rate, which is all the more reason why the level of medical care alone can't account for the huge gap between Hubei's death rate and those of other provinces and cities, but rather comes down to the speed of response, the efficiency of the treatment and the isolation measures taken.
We have been thinking about its solution or improvement, if the response to the policy call for isolation measures in their own homes a little more scientific, better conditions, even if more than 3-5 days will win a major turnaround, will not allow more people to be infected, often a little bit of a key time to make a small change, will be able to save a lot of people's lives, and behind every person is a family.
To this end, we have joined forces with architects, interior designers, electromechanical engineers, doctors and other professionals to discuss the existing conditions and release a generic version of the design guide for the average home as well as for health emergency preparedness and control
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Table of Contents
I. Residential building design
II. Home Interior Design Requirements
III. Emergency isolation measures
IV. Design of Sealing Measures
V. Negative pressure and sterilization system
VI. Home Ambulance System
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I. Residential Building Design Requirements (Suggested Changes to Some Design Codes)
1.? It is recommended that families with a living area greater than 70 square feet or more, or two-bedroom and above, require planning and design of two bathrooms, one of which is required to be in a room, at least to meet the room bathroom to achieve a minimum occupancy of about 1.5 square feet to be able to place a toilet and a washbasin can be.
2. Each room original wall air conditioning holes from a design changed to the upper and lower two, the hole tilted no less than 5 degrees to facilitate the later installation of a simple exchange of air negative pressure equipment
3.? At least one bathroom in the room bathroom design independent drainage pipes, and design transit collection disinfection area disinfection and then converge into the municipal sewage network, emergency conditions emergency start
4.? Two room doors are preferably not adjacent to each other, such as if the type of household restrictions, the distance between the doors of the two adjacent rooms shall not be less than 1.2 meters
II. Home interior design requirements (minimum feasible requirements)
1.? Design a semi-enclosed entrance at the entrance to the home, the emergency period, can be easily made with a curtain a simple and feasible buffer disinfection area, the first step of isolation
2.? The entrance is designed to hang clothes, shoes and hats, gloves, masks, disinfection with the storage function, out of the clothes can be changed here for disinfection, if necessary, can be set outside the entrance door
Knock on the blackboard Note: your home if you do not have a thick bottom and do not have enough doorway then, the easiest way is to usually please at least 30 storage masks, a few pairs of gloves, disinfectant, a very long and very strong rope and other emergency supplies, these are usually all the time, but not all the time. These are usually not expensive
3.? If there is only one bathroom in the original architectural design of the home, the sink requires the design of two faucets, at least one of which should be a sensor faucet, to prevent the risk of contact with infections caused by faucet **** use
3.1 Floor drains are closed floor drains
3.2 All downspout terminals must be designed to meet the requirements of water sealing bends, and sealing is taken at the downspouts
3.3 The downspouts should be designed to be sealed, so as to prevent the risk of infections from occurring. 4.? Two adjacent rooms entry door is not in the same moving line, or at least 1.2 meters apart from the distance, can be 1.5 meters above the best
III. Emergency isolation measures1.? In the worst conditions, there can be a very good and practical implementation of the isolation approach is to use curtains or sheets at the entrance to the entrance to pull up a curtain wall, the establishment of the first isolation barrier, the most simple a buffer zone, enter the door here to change and disinfection
2.? Isolation of the room in the absence of very good conditions under the most simple and practical way to operate, the establishment of isolation of the room the second measure, a buffer between the curtain and the door, in and out of the disinfection process, to avoid isolation of the air to the living room flow
3.? Only one bathroom within the family in the case of isolation buffer, in the most common worst conditions of timely isolation measures, with curtains or sheets, but also the fastest and easiest way
In this way, although we can not be in accordance with the emergency sanitary conditions to achieve the medical standards of the "three zones and two passages," the requirements, but also able to put the Important infection-prone areas all take the necessary measures to minimize the probability of airborne infections within the family, while everyone should wear a mask, and these methods and materials can be achieved very quickly and easily (mainly considering the most common audience and the lowest achievable cost)
Four. Sealing measures
1.? The door to the isolation room must have a door stall opening with an impact seal installed
2.? Install sealed dust barrier gate at the bottom of the doorway
3.? Installation of glass flaps with locks on the outside facade of the doors and flexible closure curtains (at least) on the inside opening to facilitate delivery and access to supplies, food before and after sanitization and to reduce the minimum level of infection
4.? If there is a room window opening towards the living room, be sure to take plus sealing measures, foam, the most simple and feasible towels, clothing, etc. can be
Isolation of the room door overall schematic and detailed schematic as follows:(1). (Structure schematic)? Anti-collision sealing strip, to achieve the effect of airtight sound insulation, to prevent the flow of air to the outside
(2). (Structure diagram)? Sealed dust gate at the bottom of the doorway to prevent air from flowing out
(3). The glass sealing flap on the door and the elastic closure curtain on the inner mouth of the door can not be opened from the inside
V. Negative pressure and sterilization system
1.? The so-called negative pressure, the most common explanation for the air + disinfection, the conditions really do not have, separate air can also be taken to the role is to make this (isolation) of the air does not flow to other clean areas and cause infection
1.1. Installation of unidirectional ducted ventilation equipment on top of the door at the entrance to the foyer (as long as the conditions for ventilation are available, taking into account economic realizability), which serves as the first barrier so that the air does not flow in the direction of the living room
1.2.? Bathroom need to install increased power ventilation equipment, at least the bath bar ventilation function requires increased power, the current normal ventilation speed and air volume is far from enough
1.3.? Installation of ultraviolet disinfection lamps in bathrooms
1.4.? Isolation room because it has been in a sealed state, the room needs to be installed two-way air exchange equipment, the air volume needs to meet the requirements, if it can be better with disinfection function, the isolation of the room to install UV disinfection lamps (as shown below), strict control of the air flow in the room to the direction of the living room
2.? The kitchen is equipped with a disinfection cabinet, the cost of a few hundred dollars, that is, please do not save a few hundred dollars, the key time can come in handy
3.? If you have an independent checkroom or storage room, design and install UV disinfection lamp
4.? Toilet, food waste disinfection, timely cleaning
5. Entrance door, door handle disinfection at regular intervals, usually also develop the habit
VI. Home first aid system
Home first aid system is generally equipped with first aid home equipment, serious illnesses, respiratory distress when used, the general equipment has
1. Thermometer
2.? Home oxygen concentrator?
3. Home respirator (to meet medical requirements)
4.? Household air sterilization equipment (to meet medical requirements)
5.? Cardiac monitor
6.? Emergency call equipment?
At least one of them needs to have home oxygen breathing equipment and air sanitizing equipment, which is not expensive, so be sure to refer to
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The above is a small Yueyue design team combined with professional electromechanical engineers, professional medical personnel to discuss the initial, the most common version of the family emergency health control design measures, the purpose of which is to enable more ordinary, limited conditions of the family can be easily realized, the real emergency, it is these groups do not get timely treatment and no good protective measures (this time, has been verified). ), also welcome friends to participate in the discussion, some equipment also need manufacturers to cooperate with the research and development, such as bathroom ventilation equipment, the current power and ventilation is not enough, and isolation of the room two-way negative pressure ventilation equipment, but also need to cooperate with the R & D work of the product manufacturers
The epidemic country and society has paid a huge price, there are many innocent people even paid the price of their lives, I hope that as a safe! We can not let the heroes of the front line, the great cost of the deceased do not pay in vain, we should actively learn from the lessons.
Special thanks to the people involved in this time are:
Design and electromechanical engineers: Zhou Xuan
Medical professional advice: Wen Jingya
Thanks to you for your critical period of this work!!!!
We also welcome more friends to discuss more and better solutions for future emergency response ......
This answer is from the good living user Zhou Shiwen_BOD design, more decoration tips, home experience, welcome to visit the good living APP view