Biomedicine: the use of nanoparticle technology to design and prepare drug (gene) delivery carriers with a variety of response functions or targeting, the development of new drug dosage forms and new drugs
Regenerative medicine: the development of nanostructured materials to guide tissue regeneration and to promote the fusion of the tissue/material interface, permanent implant surface coatings used for tissue repair and replacement, and scaffolds to guide tissue regeneration, structural permanent implants, and sensors for implantable therapy and monitoring.
Surgical aids: development of intelligent instrumentation, surgical robots, etc. based on nano-optical and nanoelectronic technologies, diagnostic tools:? based on nanofluid and nanofabrication technologies, development of genetic testing, ultra-sensitive labeling and detection technologies, high-throughput and multi-analysis technologies, etc.
Medical imaging: new contrast agents based on nanoparticle technologies, target labeling technologies, understanding of basic life processes: based on nanomechanics and optics technologies, such as atomic force microscopy, tunnel scanning microscopy, etc., to study the process of life at the molecular or atomic level .
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Expanded Information
Imaging techniques can only detect visible changes caused by cancer in tissues at a time when thousands of cancer cells have already been generated and may metastasize.
Even when a tumor is visible, a biopsy is necessary to determine effective treatment because of the type (malignant or benign) and characteristics of the tumor itself. Cancer diagnosis would be better served if cancerous or precancerous cells were labeled in some way that could be detected using conventional equipment.
There are two requirements for this to happen: that a technology be able to specifically identify cancerous cells and that the identified cancerous cells be visible. Nanotechnology can fulfill both. For example, a metal oxide surface coated with an antibody that specifically recognizes a receptor overexpressed on the surface of cancerous cells.
Because metal oxides emit a high-contrast signal under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT), once inside the body, the antibodies on the surface of these metal oxide nanoparticles selectively bind to the cancerous cells, allowing the detection instrument to efficiently identify the cancerous cells.
Similarly, gold nanoparticles can be used to enhance light scattering in endoscopic techniques. Nanotechnology can visualize the molecular markers that identify cancer categories and different stages of development, allowing doctors to see cells and molecules that would otherwise be undetectable through conventional imaging techniques.