At the end of 2015, the city had a resident population of 7.79 million, an increase of 94,000 or 1.2% over the previous year; an increase of 333,000 or 0.9% per annum over the sixth population census of Hefei in 2010; and a share of 12.7% of the province.
By the end of 2015, the city had a net inflow of 613,000 permanent residents, an increase of 45,000 from the end of the previous year, an increase of 7.9%, of which the urban area had a net inflow of 1.243 million permanent residents.
Among the city's resident population, 5.484 million people lived in towns and cities, an increase of 166,000 compared with the previous year, accounting for 70.4% of the total population (the urbanization rate of the resident population), an increase of 1.3 percentage points compared with the previous year, while the population living in villages and villages numbered 2.306 million, a decrease of 72,000 compared with the previous year, accounting for 29.6% of the total population.
At the end of 2015, the resident population consisted of 3.949 million males, accounting for 50.7% of the total population, and 3.841 million females, accounting for 49.3% of the total population. The sex ratio of the total population was 102.8 (with female as 100), basically the same as the previous year.
At the end of 2015, among the resident population, 1.165 million people were aged 0-14 years old, accounting for 15.0% of the total population, a decrease of 0.5 percentage points compared with the previous year; 5.719 million people were aged 15-64 years old, accounting for 73.4% of the total population, an increase of 0.4 percentage points; and the population of people aged 65 years old and above was 90.6 million people, accounting for 11.6% of the total population, an increase of 0.1 percentage points.
With the continuous influx of foreign workers, the proportion of working-age population has been improved, and the city's total population dependency coefficient continued to decline, standing at 36.2% in 2015, 0.4 percentage points lower than the previous year. Among them, the child-rearing ratio was 20.4%, down 0.6 percentage points from the previous year, while the elderly-rearing ratio was 15.8%, up 0.2 percentage points from the previous year.
At the end of 2015, the city's per capita years of education was 10.81 years, up 0.67 years from the end of the previous year. Among them, both men and women had more than 10 years of education per capita, at 11.39 years and 10.19 years respectively, up 0.7 years and 0.57 years from the previous year.
Among the population aged 15 and above, 45.2% were educated in primary and junior high schools, a decrease of 7 percentage points from the previous year; 49.6% were educated in senior high schools and above, an increase of 7.9 percentage points from the previous year, with 30.9% of the population educated in universities and above, an increase of 7.1 percentage points from the previous year. The illiteracy rate of the city's total population was 4.69%, down 0.15 percentage points from the previous year.
From November 1, 2014 to October 31, 2015, the city's birth population of 82,000 people, the birth rate of 10.52 per thousand, an increase of 0.39 thousand points compared with the previous year; death population of 34,000 people, the death rate of 4.32 per thousand, an increase of 0.29 thousand points; natural increase in the population of 48,000 people, the natural growth rate of 6.2 per thousand, an increase of 0.1 thousand points .
In 2015, Hefei's regional GDP was 566.03 billion yuan , fiscal revenue was 100.05 billion yuan, the cumulative total of social fixed-asset investment was 2.36 trillion yuan, the total output value of industries above designated size reached 930 billion yuan, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 218.3 billion yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 32,080 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 15,890 yuan. per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 32,080 yuan, and that of rural residents reached 15,890 yuan. Hefei is rich in agricultural, aquatic and animal husbandry resources, suitable for the cultivation of rice, wheat, cotton, oilseeds, vegetables, melons, fruits, hemp and other crops, as well as the development of pigs, poultry and fisheries.
Spring and Autumn and Warring States, according to legend, the Chu State Yin Sun Shu Ao, built the Hefei region's earliest hundred miles of water storage dams - peony slope (today's Shouxian Anfeng Pond), irrigating more than 40,000 acres of farmland in the Interfluence and Pei River basin north of Hefei. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, ox-plow coupled plowing was introduced in Hefei. Around the 3rd to 4th century AD, a large number of people from the Central Plains moved south, and they utilized the terrain to build ponds and dams and terraced the land.
The Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao's troops in Chaohu Lake, began to reclaim the land. After the Southern Song Dynasty, the Chaohu Lake coast paddy fields increased, and gradually formed the southern part of the Hefei polder grain production area and the northern part of the hills and hills of the miscellaneous grain production area. Song Taipingxingguo two years (977), the Chaohu Lake shoreline to the capital grain amounted to 5 million buckets. Qing Yongzheng and Qianlong years (1723-1795), Hefei area agriculture has greater development, but since the Qing Guangxu ten years (1884), because the Qing government encouraged farmers to plant opium, Hefei arable land "ten in one", therefore, "barren grain reduction. The late Qing dynasty warlord Li Hongzhang and his brothers 6 people, on average, each in the Hefei area of more than 100,000 acres of land, peasants doubly exploited, coupled with frequent disasters, agriculture is more withered. According to the Republic of 22 years on August 25, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui Province petition to the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, said: "farmers need to cultivate the fees, the value of the exhausted grain, can not be offset." According to the Republic of 32 years of the newspaper: "Hefei County land area of 18,888 square kilometers, population of 1,274,000, 474,000 acres of arable land, the total grain output of 183 million jin, per capita possession of grain 143.6 jin." In the 36th year of the Republic of China, Anhui Field and Grain Management Office statistics, Hefei County produced rice 2099,368 city stones, accounting for 27.6% of the total grain production; production of miscellaneous grains (large, wheat) 550,2587 city stones, accounting for 72.4% of the total grain production. Hefei area is mainly producing miscellaneous grains. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the people's government vigorously developed water conservancy. 1957, the area under grain cultivation was expanded from 6,482,000 mu to 7,941,000 mu, of which the rice field increased from 2,898,000 mu to 3,673,000 mu. This is the fastest period of development in the history of Hefei agriculture. 1958~1965, due to the blind promotion of double-season rice, increased labor input, the cost of production materials increased, increased production but not income. 1966~1978, due to the agricultural production of grain as a platform, distribution of egalitarianism, management blind command, resulting in stagnation of production, production hovering. Feidong County in 1976, grain production than in 1957 less. Changfeng County in 1977 planted double-season rice, a yield of 585 pounds, although more than a season of rice per mu 87 pounds, but remove the seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, water and other expenditures, a huge loss. In addition, the destruction of forests and fields, the ecological environment has been damaged. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Central ***, rapid development of agriculture. 1985 statistics, Hefei City, Feidong, Feixi, Changfeng 3 counties and suburbs and Shushan Township has a total of 4.17 million mu of arable land, of which 2,804,379 acres of paddy fields, accounting for 67.2% of the total arable land; dryland 13,684,710 acres, accounting for 32.8% of the total arable land. The city's farmland has an effective irrigation area of 3.1 million mu, accounting for 74% of the total cultivated land. Total farming households 618,399, agricultural population of 270,845 people, per capita possession of arable land 1.54 mu; labor force of 123,239 people, accounting for 45% of the total agricultural population, the average labor cultivated land of 3.38 mu.
The city has five municipal and county agricultural institutes and one vegetable research institute. Changfeng and Feixi counties have established agricultural science and technology centers. Twenty-one districts in the city have established agricultural technology stations. City and county have seed, plant protection, soil fertilizer and other workstations. There are 6 original seeds, seed farms, planting area: 1.5 million mu of hybrid rice, hybrid watermelon 300,000 mu. The city's total agricultural output value of 1.365 billion yuan, 4.57 times more than in 1949; total grain output of 3.106 billion pounds, 4.5 times more than in 1949; animal husbandry output value of 301 million yuan; total aquatic products output of 1,399 tons, the output value of 331 million; forestry output value of 0.14 billion yuan. Annual listing of 145.4 million pounds of vegetables, per capita daily possession of vegetables 0.73 city pounds; township enterprises total output value of 533.01 million yuan. 30 years, Hefei City, afforestation area of 369,143 acres, an average annual afforestation of 6,344 acres. According to 1985 statistics, Hefei City, the arable land area of the province's arable land of 6.28%, the agricultural population of the province's agricultural population of 5.93%, grain production accounted for 7.7% of the province's agricultural output value of the province's total agricultural output value of 7.89%. Hefei City, Feixi, Feidong and Changfeng 3 counties are national commercial grain production base. Hefei machine industry has begun to sprout in the 1920s of this century, but the real development is after the establishment of new China.
1949~1957 is the foundation stage of Hefei industry. At the beginning of this stage, the Hefei industry is in the stage of restoration and development of handicraft production, the annual gross industrial output value in more than ten million yuan. From 1954, Hefei City began to invest in the construction of factories, the establishment of modern industrial enterprises. By the end of 1957, the number of Hefei industrial enterprise units reached 518. Among them, 71 industrial enterprises were independently accounted for under the ownership of the whole people, and 24 industrial enterprises were independently accounted for under the collective ownership. According to light and heavy industries, there were 490 light industrial enterprises and 28 heavy industrial enterprises. The establishment and development of these enterprises initially formed the structure of Hefei machinery industry, light textile industry, food industry, chemical industry, laid the foundation for the further development of Hefei industry.
During this period, Hefei's industrial development was rapid, and a very important reason was that it benefited from the relocation of enterprises from Shanghai. From 1954 to 1957, Hefei has moved nearly 50 factories from Shanghai. After these factories moved to Hefei, some of them built factories independently, some of them merged to build factories, and some of them were divided into two or three, driving the establishment of new factories. The establishment and development of these factories not only accelerated the pace of Hefei's industrial start-up and development, but also solved the Hefei industrial development of talents, technology, equipment, capital and production management experience, and many other difficulties, for the development of Hefei's industrial establishment of indelible historical merit. By 1957, the total industrial output value of Hefei City rose to 16,000,000 yuan, an increase of 72.67 times more than in 1949, 11.2 times more than in 1952, and three times more than in 1954.
1958~1976 is the stage of Hefei industry's tortuous development. This stage, Hefei industry in general, although there is greater development, but during the ups and downs fluctuations. 1958 "Great Leap Forward", in the national campaign to run a large iron and steel movement, the city's various trades and industries rose up in a flurry, set off a large iron and steel boom. In the construction of industrial enterprises, the same is a rush, grabbed a number of factories that do not have the conditions to start, so that this batch of factories in 1961, or because of financial problems, or because of technology, equipment problems, or because of the shortage of raw materials, were forced to dismantle one after another. After a few setbacks, not only caused a great waste of funds and wealth, but also make the industrial development of Hefei hurt the vitality. 1962 and 1958 compared to the total industrial output value of the city of Hefei fell by 28.9%.
After three years of adjustment from 1963 to 1965, Hefei's industry gradually recovered and regained a healthy development situation. However, after 1966, it suffered from the "Cultural Revolution" for 10 consecutive years, which made Hefei industry suffer from unprecedented impact and destruction. In 1966 to 1976 in 10 years, Hefei industrial units not only did not increase, but also reduced by 8.2%. 1976 total industrial output value of 1.64 times more than in 1966, but compared with the "First Five-Year Plan" period, the growth rate of 254.7 percentage points lower. Compared with the "Cultural Revolution" 10 years before the total industrial output value growth index is even lower 552.8 percentage points. The damage to Hefei's industry during the Cultural Revolution was staggering.
After 1976, it was a new stage of rapid development of Hefei industry. This stage, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, Hefei industry adhere to the reform and opening up, the implementation of the introduction of internal linkage, one hand to grasp the reform of the economic system, the other hand to grasp the introduction of technology and industrial restructuring, accelerate the technological progress and development of new products, and to increase the efforts to create high-quality products. A number of new products with good quality and benefits, such as refrigerators, color TVs, washing machines, bicycles, motorcycles, computers, passenger and cargo motor vehicles, etc., were developed during this period. By 1985, Hefei industry had 31 big industries such as metallurgy, machinery, electronics, chemical industry, electric power, textile, sewing, foodstuffs, building materials, etc., and an industrial system with complete categories and reasonable structure was basically formed. The total number of industrial enterprises above the township level has reached 688 (excluding central ministries and provincial enterprises in Fertilizer, the same below), and the annual gross industrial output value has reached RMB 2.9265 billion. The labor productivity of all employees in state-run industries reached 16,200 yuan. The main industrial products are steel, steel, aluminum ingots, aluminum products, all kinds of building materials, automobiles, tractors, excavators, hydraulic presses, forklifts, electric motors, transformers, high-voltage switches, radio communication equipment, instruments, televisions, refrigerators, fans, heating and air-conditioning equipment, washing machines, bicycles, motorcycles, watches, enameled porcelain products, glass products, mechanism of the paper, medicines and medical equipment, fertilizers, pesticides, chemical raw materials, rubber tires, plastic products, garments, furniture, tap pens, cigarettes, beverages and wines, arts and crafts, etc., cumulatively amounting to more than 1,700 categories. Among them: 1 is a national gold-quality award product, 6 are national silver-quality award products, 65 are ministerial-quality products, and 269 are provincial-quality products. The rate of high-quality products reaches 19.5%. More than 150 kinds of products are exported to more than 70 countries and regions, and the whole industrial production shows unprecedented prosperity. Development Zones National Development Zones: Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Hefei New Station Comprehensive Pilot Zone
Provincial Development Zones: Hefei Chaohu Economic Development Zone, Hefei Luyang Industrial Park, Hefei Baohu Industrial Park, Hefei Yaohai Economic Development Zone, Hefei Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei Shuangfeng Economic Development Zone, Hefei Peach Blossom Industrial Park, Feidong Economic Development Zone, Anhui Lujiang Economic Development Zone, Anhui Jiuzhao Economic Development Zone, and Anhui Lujiang Economic Development Zone. Hefei Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei Shuangfeng Economic Development Zone, Feixi Peach Blossom Industrial Park, Feidong Economic Development Zone, Anhui Lujiang Economic Development Zone, Anhui Juzhao Economic Development Zone. Hefei is the only city in China other than Beijing that has three national laboratories. They are: the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, the Hefei Microscale National Laboratory and the Tokamak Fusion Experimental Unit.
The top 10 research cities in China, in order of importance, are Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Hong Kong, Nanjing, Wuhan, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Shenzhen and Xi'an, according to the Nature Publishing Index 2011 China report released by the British journal Nature. Compared with the previous year, Hefei's position advanced one place, and Hefei ranked third in the country after Beijing and Shanghai, surpassing Nanjing and Hong Kong. The report included a ranking of basic research strength, mainly based on paper quality standards. "Second-tier cities, first-class research." This is a short comment on Hefei by Nature Publishing Index China. The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), located in Hefei, ranked second in the ranking of scientific research institutions, after the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and ahead of famous universities such as Peking University and Tsinghua University. In the past year, the University of Science and Technology published 17 papers in Nature and its subpublications, ranking 76th in the world and 11th in Asia-Pacific, making it one of only two Chinese universities to enter the global top 100. Early cultural phenomena in Hefei were mainly manifested in activities such as folk beliefs and the appreciation of ancient music performances. According to the relevant historical data, Hefei was once a possession of Chu and Yue, influenced by the culture of Chu and Yue, the ancestors used animals as totems and held totem festivals at about the same time. According to the archaeological excavation, Hefei area as early as the Spring and Autumn Period has appeared in the ancient music and dance with the music performance activities. In the Three Kingdoms period, there was a certain development of song and dance performances. Cao Cao, in order to celebrate his victory, made a number of geisha sing and dance on a boat in Zhendi Pu, and because the boat couldn't hold the load, a number of geisha died in the water.
After the unification of the Jin Dynasty and the end of the Three Kingdoms, the people were able to recuperate and Hefei's society and culture gradually developed, and there was a prosperous scene in which the "terroir was bright and lush, all better than that of Huaizuo". To the Tang and Song dynasties, Hefei social and cultural diversified development situation, not only the religious culture, folk culture flourished, and more students in the region, poetry and literature, folk rap, ballads, theater and dance, strings, drums and other literary activities, have a greater development. In the literature, Hefei early in the history of the writings contained in the "You seek the son of twenty" (Jin), "Hefei Zhi four volumes", "collection of twenty volumes", "Zaoji ten volumes", "Tang Wencui one hundred volumes" (the above four for the Song Dynasty) and so on. It should be said that this period, the development of Hefei culture, for the later further prosperity, laid the foundation.
Yuan Ming period, Hefei has gradually developed into a cultural capital. Not only in the area of literary talent, writings, and theater, dance, singing and other performance activities, has been very active. Between the Jianghuai, relying on "miscellaneous hundred theater" to make a living the number of artists, when the first push Luzhou.
Toward the end of the Yuan Dynasty, literature and ink art performance, the corresponding development, elegant and popular, in various forms.
To the Qing Dynasty, and even the Republic of China, as the modern culture of Hefei, compared with the previous has made great progress and development. In terms of literature, the writings are abundant. Only the Qing Dynasty period, Hefei is contained in the history of poetry, speech, collection of writings such as nearly a hundred, many of which are classics, there are many writings are still people often like to talk about. In terms of performing arts, as Hefei's local theater "inverted seven plays" (also known as "knife play", "rice season play"), has gradually formed an independent theater, in the folk performance of the two Sheng. Folk songs, rice-planting songs, rap, lion dance, dragon lantern dance, dry boat, stilt walkers and other forms of art and activities, increasingly prosperous and flourishing, a period of great prosperity. During this period, the folk theater has a "big play" and "small play" points, the so-called big play, that is, Beijing Opera, the small play refers to the "inverted seven play". During the Republic of China, Hefei folk have developed several professional theater classes, including the Fei family class created the earliest, the largest number of people, the most complete line.
The late Qing Dynasty, Hefei out of the "five monsters", one of which is Shen Shion, "an intention of the grass, the best of the pole, the death of the death of the people, the treasures of the arch wall", was famous in Beijing, was crowned Hefei calligraphy known as the beginning of the sea. In the Hefei cultural circles, fashion has been called "three clear" three cultural primus. These three people to good writing and rich and famous for a while.
Republic of China period, along with performing arts and other cultural activities flourished, the city in addition to the construction of professional performance venues, and at the same time the development of a number of forms of cultural communities, such as Wenchang Palace, South Park. Silent movies and talkies also appeared one after another in the late Republic of China. All these show that the history and culture of Hefei, despite the rise and fall, there are ups and downs, but on the whole is constantly developing, and in the river and Huaihuai, has always been at the center of the position.
Since 1949, the municipal government, the municipal labor union, the municipal Youth League Committee has built cultural centers (stations), workers' cultural palaces, clubs, juvenile cultural palaces, juvenile homes. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, 187 cultural stations were established in rural areas and streets. In factories and enterprises, mass cultural organizations such as clubs and cultural rooms have generally been established. Gradually, a three-tier mass culture network was formed, and mass music, dance, drama, opera, poetry, art, sports, science and other activities showed prosperity.
There was only a small library at the beginning of the liberation, but now the city library building and two children's libraries have been newly built. 1985 compared with 1949, the library room has increased from tens of square meters to 2658 square meters, and the number of librarians has increased from three to twenty-eight; the collection of books has been developed from literature and popularity to a comprehensive collection; the number of language varieties has been enlarged from Chinese to nine foreign languages; and the collection of books has increased from a few thousand to 280,000 books. The collection has increased from a few thousand books to 28 million books.
In 1983, the Municipal Cultural Market Management Office was formally set up to strengthen the management of the city's cultural market and to implement unified management, policy and leadership. By the end of 1985, there were 30 dance halls, 22 secondary wholesalers, 184 retail book and newspaper specialists, more than 80 book-rental specialists, and 128 video projection (including three counties). To meet the needs of the general public spiritual and cultural life, play a role.
In 1978, Hefei City, the establishment of the Cultural Relics Administration, specializing in the protection of cultural relics, excavation, finishing, collection, research work. Various cultural relics collection has reached more than 2000 pieces, including more than 40 pieces of national-level protection, such as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the late Qing Dynasty, 15 iron cannons. Now the city's provincial-level cultural relics protection units are ancient teaching crossbow platform, Baogong Ancestral Hall; municipal-level protection units are City God Temple and other 17, 3 ancient city ruins, 10 ancient cultural heritage sites, 23 ancient tombs, for the study of history provides a wealth of historical materials. Before the 1830s, Hefei had no public medical and health institutions. At the end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties, Hefei began to have a fixed national medicine business, operating herbal medicines and pills, prose, creams, dan and tablets and other ready-made medicines. Another Chinese medicine doctors in the Chinese medicine store to sit and practice medicine. There are still walking the streets to treat people's illnesses of the Langzhong.
Qing Guangxu twenty years (1894), the German Dale missionary to Hefei, set up in Deshengmen Catholic Church "Sacred Heart Clinic". Guangxu twenty-third year, the Chinese General Association of Christ (Nanjing) sent American missionaries Xu Hongzao, Park Guanzhi to Hefei missionary medical, which began to Western medicine gradually spread to Hefei. In the 16th year of the Republic of China, Liu Xilin (also known as Liu Mengjiu, a native of Hefei, graduated from the Medical School of Qilu University) founded the Hefei Minsheng Hospital, which became the first hospital in Hefei founded by a Chinese. In the 26th year of the Republic of China, the Hefei County Police Department had a cleaning office to manage street health, the earliest public **** health institutions in Hefei.
Before the liberation of Hefei, due to the backwardness of health care, there were many epidemics of cholera. The masses were sick, and they were often seeking God's advice. Women gave birth to babies, the old method of delivery. The mortality rate was as high as 20%. Neonatal tetanus (commonly known as "seven days wind") mortality rate of up to 400 ‰. Life expectancy is only 35 years.
On the eve of liberation, Hefei has a county hospital, 12 beds, 13 houses, 12 staff, including 2 doctors. There were another 23 private clinics. After the liberation of Hefei, the municipal party committee and the municipal people's government in accordance with the "for the workers, peasants and soldiers, prevention-oriented, unity of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, health work and the mass movement combined" health policy, with the support of the provincial health authorities, the construction of new and expanded medical and health institutions, the popularization of common sense, and the implementation of the city's administrative, public institutions and enterprise units With the support of the provincial health authorities, new medical and health institutions were built and expanded, general knowledge of health was popularized, and administrative, institutional and enterprise units in the city implemented a publicly-funded and labor-insured medical system, which led to the rapid development of Hefei's health industry. By the end of 1952, medical and health institutions in Hefei had developed to 114, with 425 hospital beds and 851 health technicians. The number of hospital beds and health technicians increased by 0.7 times and 9.3 times respectively over 1949.
After the Cultural Revolution began in 1966, a large number of health care institutions in Hefei were "cut, merged and withdrawn", and medical personnel were sent to the countryside. By 1970, there were only 12 hospitals left in the city, and the number of health technicians was reduced to 2,817.
Smash "Lin Biao, Jiang Qing counter-revolutionary group", especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the ****, Hefei City, the health sector resumed its development, in the seven years from 1979 to 1985, Hefei City, Hefei City, for medical and health care investment amounted to 27.55 million yuan, an increase of 12.32 million yuan over the total investment in the years 1949 to 1965, an increase of 1.8 million yuan over the total investment in the years 1969 to 1985, an increase of 2.5 million yuan. The total investment amounted to 12.32 million yuan, an increase of 1.24 times.At the end of 1985, Hefei City*** had 490 medical and health institutions, of which 47 were hospitals. There were 5,616 hospital beds and 10,647 health technicians (including 5,116 doctors). The improvement of medical and health conditions and technical level of Hefei City has promoted the health level of the people. in 1985, the average life expectancy in Hefei City was over 70 years old.
Triple-A hospitals: Anhui Provincial Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, the Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Anhui Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital), the First People's Hospital of Hefei, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, the Fourth People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Binhu Hospital ( Hefei First Hospital South), the People's Liberation Army 105th Hospital, the Armed Police Anhui Provincial General Hospital, and the Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University. As early as the first year of Emperor Gao Di of the Western Han Dynasty (206 years ago) to the first year of Emperor Huang Chu of the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty (220 years ago), Hefei folk have "Royal", "shooting", "guide", "health care", "jiaodai", "liyutou", "plucking distance", "qu Dancing", "Stone Throwing", "Game Playing", "Water Playing" and other sports activities.
In the 1850s, the Qing army in Fei introduced the Western soldiers' gymnastics in their practice. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China, track and field, swimming, general gymnastics and ball games were gradually introduced to Hefei.
Republic of China period, folk traditional sports activities, mainly jumping rope, kicking keys, fighting knee, kite flying, swinging, wrist wrestling, against the bar and wrestling game. Athletics, general gymnastics and ball activities were mainly school sports programs. It was only in the 1930s that ball games were expanded from schools to organizations and factories. At that time, there were very few competitions in Hefei County, and the only sports facilities were a county sports ground and a small provincial stadium.
1949~1954 was the beginning stage of developing people's sports in Hefei. During this period, Hefei City Sports Committee (hereinafter referred to as "City Sports Committee") was established, built the Hefei Municipal People's Stadium (hereinafter referred to as "Municipal Stadium"), held the first, second and third Hefei Municipal People's Sports Games, and the formation of the sports delegation to participate in the first Anhui Provincial People's Sports Games, which was held in the city of Hefei. Hefei Municipal People's Sports Meet was held in succession, and a sports delegation was formed to participate in the First People's Sports Meet of Anhui Province. In the competition, the Hefei City Sports Delegation achieved a total score of the province's first good results.
1955~1959, Hefei City Sports Committee held the first Hefei City Games, and organized the Hefei City Sports Delegation to participate in the first session of the Anhui Provincial Games. Hefei City in this provincial games competition, the total team score again ranked first in the province. In addition, Hefei athletes accumulated 7 championships and broke 6 national records in national and international competitions.
From 1960 to 1965, Hefei sports were in a tortuous development stage. During this period, the Hefei Sports Committee held the city's second and third Games and organized a delegation to participate in the Second Anhui Provincial Games. In the competition, Hefei delegation achieved the first place in the total team score, but the technical level of many sports is not as good as before. Only parachuting is an exception. Hefei City parachute athletes in Anhui Province parachute competition, three times to break the two daytime women's collective integrated fixed-point parachute jumping world record. Hefei City, model airplanes in the national competition, breaking the power helicopter model aircraft straight-line flight world record.
After 1966 Hefei sports by the "Cultural Revolution" movement impact. All sports activities were forced to stop. Until 1968 after the establishment of the Hefei Revolutionary Committee, sports activities are gradually restored. 1971, Hefei City, the key amateur sports school and the Wulidun stadium was built, "National Physical Exercise Standards" system began to be implemented in the city. Hefei City Sports Delegation to participate in the Third Anhui Provincial Games in the competition, once again achieved the first place in the total team score.
From 1977 to 1996, 85% of the primary and middle school age students in Hefei city and 75% of the primary and middle school age students in the suburbs reached the national physical exercise standards. Hefei City Sports Delegation in the Fourth to Eighth Anhui Provincial Games in the competition, have achieved the total team score and the total number of gold medals in the province's first good results. Hefei athletes won 15 national championships in the National Games; 9 first places in international competitions; 24 times in interstate competitions; and 9 times on the world championship podium in the world sports arena. Hefei City Sports Committee during this period, has held the fourth, fifth and sixth Games, and hosted the seventh Anhui Provincial Games and many items of the national competition. Hefei gymnasium, Hefei comprehensive gymnasium, Hefei swimming pool and other large sports facilities were built. Hefei established amateur swimming sports schools and professional sports teams. Hefei City Federation of Literature and Art Creation Center is an academic institution affiliated with the Hefei City Federation of Literature and Art Creation Center, which was founded in August 2001 and has been in existence for 10 years, because of which the "Hefei Art Phenomenon" has attracted attention in China's art world.
At the end of 2002, the Art Creation Center launched its first major art creation activity, and Zhang Guolin organized five Chinese figure painters to create a combined scroll, Jianghuai Wind and Huai Style-Anhui Celebrities Throughout the Ages.
The Impression of Hefei was created by five people in a month's time, 15 meters long and 2.2 meters wide, and depicts the city of Hefei from Dashushan Mountain to Chaohu Lake, with most of the buildings in the picture based on real-life architecture and using pure ink and watercolor. The art creation center of the federation of arts and culture has also created three other giant: 8-meter-long prints of "luzhou legacy", 10-meter-long figure paintings "big builders" and nearly 30-meter-long landscape paintings "huangshan charm map", and the "luzhou legacy" is the largest prints in the country. "The creation of these works, on the one hand, is to show the 'Hefei art phenomenon', on the other hand, is to dedicate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the party."
Magnolia: Department of evergreen large trees, tree shape dignified, majestic, technical leaves to help vegetables, flowers large white, like a lotus, open in early June, the material is fine, is a precious ornamental timber species. Magnolia is native to North America, Hefei cultivation has nearly a hundred years of history, adapted to the ecological environment of Hefei, grafting and seeding propagation, for the greening of Hefei, one of the key species. It has been planted in parks, institutions, factories, courtyards and streets, and is very popular and loved by people. September 25, 1984 city people's Congress of the ninth session of the eighth meeting as the "city tree".
Pomegranate: deciduous small trees or shrubs, the lunar month of May on the turquoise bushes, groups of flowers like fire or white as jade, bright and dazzling. Pomegranate branches and trunks strong and simple, root more coiled, is a good material for making bonsai. Pomegranate barren drought, avoid waterlogging, suitable for ground planting. And flower pomegranate and sea pomegranate is the most suitable for pot planting. Breeding is easy, management is rough. It has a long history of cultivation in Hefei and is widely planted. People see it as a valuable symbol of good luck, customary pomegranate as the Mid-Autumn Moon Festival, to show that the family get together. September 25, 1984 city people's Congress of the ninth session of the eighth meeting of the osmanthus, pomegranate for the "city flower".