Medical ethylene oxide sterilizers are typically sterilized with 100% pure ethylene oxide. Before use, ethylene oxide needs to be mixed with an inert gas (such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen) to reduce its explosive and hazardous properties. This mixture is called an "aerosol" and the ratio can be adjusted to suit the situation, but is usually 1:3 or 1:4.
It is important to note that ethylene oxide is a hazardous chemical and must be used in accordance with strict safety regulations and operating procedures. Protective measures, including gloves, masks, and goggles, are required during use. In healthcare facilities, ethylene oxide sterilization is usually performed by professionals.