CH-46 helicopter is one of the most important combat attack helicopters in the United States Marine Corps. This kind of helicopter looks a bit like a bus, with twin propellers. The marine corps mainly uses it to transport troops from ships to shore or from camps to operational front positions. The US Navy uses this helicopter to transport equipment to ships or perform search and rescue missions.
The CH-46 helicopter was manufactured by Boeing Company of the United States and served in 1964.
During the Vietnam War, this kind of helicopter played a great role. The CH-46 first served during the Vietnam War. At first, it was used to transport troops and goods from naval vessels to land or from land to ships. In addition, it has carried out thousands of missions to rescue injured marines. Since the Vietnam War, CH-46 has participated in almost all major military operations of the US military, including the 200/KLOC-0 war in Afghanistan and the ongoing war in Iraq.
I. Mandate
The mission of CH-46 transport helicopter is to quickly transport combat troops, support equipment and materials from amphibious assault landing ships and built airports to the forward bases. These bases are simple, with limited maintenance and logistics support capabilities. The navy also uses the CH-46D helicopter to perform tasks such as vertical replenishment, logistics within the battle group, medical evacuation and search and rescue.
Second, data.
Main contractor: Boeing Weitu Company
Crew: 4 people
Time of initial operational capability: 1964.
Quantity owned: 324
Captain:13.7m.
Rotor diameter: 15.438+0m.
Take-off weight:11032.2kg.
Maximum speed: 268.25 km/h
Range: 176 km (one way)
Battery life: 2 hours (CH-46D)
1.75 hours (CH-46E)
Weapons: 2 MZ(25.4 mm) or M60(70 mm) machine guns (equipped with CH-46E aircraft only).
Third, application
The US Marine Corps 10 Transport Squadron (9 active squadrons and 1 Reserve Squadron) 120 CH-46E transport helicopters and the Navy 2 1 Transport Squadron (with two types of transport aircraft) 42 CH/HH-46D transport helicopters support Desert Shield and Desert Storm. These helicopters are used to transport marines, sailors, cargo, mail, ammunition, medical evacuation and search and rescue.
design feature
Rotor system
Two pairs of three-blade tandem counter-rotating rotors were paid to Boeing 107 II blades of New York Airlines and Kawasaki Heavy Industries of Japan. The blades are made of mouth-shaped steel beams, bonded with aluminum rib glass fiber reinforced plastic (aluminum etched) skin, and made of stainless steel strips at the back. The blade is equipped with an internal monitoring system of the beam, which can indicate the existence of cracks in the beam 15 hours before the blade beam is damaged. The overhaul life of blades reaches 5000 hours. The wheel hub is equipped with a shimmy damper. The repair life of propeller is 2000 hours. Rotor revolutions: the speed is 264 revolutions per minute. CH/UH-46 system, which is used to pray when the paddle is powered on, includes: a set of indicator lights for indicating the attack angle of the paddle before folding; The hydraulic motor connected with the rear transmission system is used to rotate the rotor to a proper orientation and then lock the rotor; The reducer of a group of motors installed in folding hinges can fold blades, and the reduction ratio is 16000: 1. The folding system is used for bearings without lubrication, and the folding time is about 60 seconds. The system has been folded for 5000 times on the test bench, and no damage accident has occurred.
transfer system
The power of each engine is input into the reducer through the clutch to drive the front reducer, the rear reducer and the two rotors respectively. The rotor speed ratio of the engine: CH-46A is 73.722: 1, and ch-1/3 is 73.770: 1.
powerplant
107 II: two 932 kW (1267 shaft horsepower) CT-58-1/turboshaft engines of General Electric Company are installed side by side at the base of the rear rotor tower; HRp .4 is equipped with two 932 MW (65 65,438+0,267 shaft horsepower) "Nome" H.1200 turboshaft engines from Bristol Siddeley Company. 107 "type a modification and update: CT58- 140 turboshaft engine, 044 kW (14 19 shaft horsepower). The CH-46A is equipped with two 932 dry watts (65,438+0,267 axle horsepower). T58-GE-8B of General Electric Company is a turboshaft engine. The CH/UH-46D is equipped with two turboshaft engines1044 kW (1419 shaft horsepower).
107II and 107 IIA two self-sealing fuel tanks are located in buoys on both sides of the fuselage. The fuel tank is made of impact-resistant material with a total capacity of 325 liters. The total capacity of CH-46/UH-46 fuel tank is 438 liters, and the fuel filler is at the upper part of the fuel tank. The total oil quantity is 15.9 liters.
organism
Semi-hard shell structure with rectangular cross section, mainly made of high-strength aluminum alloy, with and without aluminum cladding. Diaphragm and reinforcing frame are the bearing parts of transmission system, engine and landing gear. The lower surface of the rear fuselage inclines upward and consists of the rear springboard on multi-purpose and military vehicles. The loading and unloading springboard was replaced by the luggage compartment at the back of the passenger plane fuselage. The fuselage is sealed, which can take off and land on water and even work under the condition of medium wave height; The floating system consists of nine sealed compartments, any of which is sealed.
The buoyancy and stability of the helicopter on the water can still be maintained after the failure.
undercarriage
Non-retractable front three-point landing gear. Each landing gear has two tubeless wheels, the size is 8X5.5, the tire pressure is10.35x10 "pa (10.55kg/cm), and a disc brake mechanism is adopted. Landing gear oil. There are two damping holes on the air damping strut. When the compression speed is less than 0.305m/s, the larger damping hole is blocked by the spring and mushroom valve, and the oil passes through the smaller damping hole to ensure the helicopter has good ground vibration characteristics. When the compression speed is greater than 0.305m/s, the valve opens, which ensures that the strut has good vibration reduction effect.
passenger cabin
107 Type II: The standard cockpit layout is two pilots, one flight attendant and 25 passengers. There are 8 rows of seats in the cockpit, 2 pairs of seats in each row on the left, single seat on the right, and 4 seats in the last row with an aisle in the middle. There is a luggage rack in the engine room, and there is a luggage compartment with rollers that can hold 680 kilograms of goods under the rear fuselage. The rear springboard can provide power on the ground or in the air. When loading extra-long goods, the rear springboard can be removed or fully opened. Ch/uh-46: 3 crew members; 25 soldiers
And 1 commander. There is a kneeling door facing up and down before loading the cabin cloth. The upper half of the hatch is received by the upper part of the fuselage through the slide rail. The lower part is hinged at the bottom of the fuselage, opening outwards, and there is a boarding ladder inside. The loading springboard and the rear fuselage door can be opened in flight or on water. The bearing capacity of the middle floor is 14. 36 dry cattle/m (1 464.6 kg/m), with a row of rollers on both sides, used to transport standard military freight flat or wire baskets. Outside the floor is a driveway, which can bear 454 kg tire load. The winch system for lifting goods and people can be operated by one person. It has a variable speed winch, which can lift 907 kilograms of goods at a speed of 9 meters per minute or 272 kilograms of people and other articles at a speed of 30 meters per minute. There is a hanging hook on the floor, which can hang 4535 kilograms of goods.
system
(CH/UH-46) The cabin heater is combustion type. The pressure of hydraulic system used in flight control booster is103x10' pa (105kg/cm'), and the pressure of other systems is 206x10' pa (210kg/cm'). The electrical system includes two 40 KVA alternators and a 200 amp DC generator. Solar's auxiliary power unit is used to start the engine and check the system.
wade into water
Electric deicing systems of 200 volts and 20 kva are adopted. Six conductors are laid along the leading edge of the blade by flame spraying, and the thickness and width of each conductor vary with the heating requirements of the blade in Ye Zhan direction. These conductors are regularly heated to remove ice. The deicing system is controlled by radioactive ice thickness gauge. When the thickness of the ice layer on the rotor reaches 4.77 mm, power-on deicing is started, and three blades of each rotor are powered on at the same time to ensure that excessive vibration will not be caused. The two rotors will not deice at the same time. Electronic equipment and instruments, standard instruments, flight equipment. CH- 46 is equipped with multiple stabilization systems and automatic balancing systems. The early CH- 46 experienced sudden stall flutter of the tail rotor, which caused excessive stress in the upper control part. It is necessary to strictly limit the allowable total weight, center of gravity range, speed and altitude of the helicopter. To this end, the helicopter is equipped with a rotor that can indicate.
Control part of the force level of the cruise indicator, so as to relax the restrictions and reduce the workload of the driver when driving.