Fixed assets usually refer to houses, buildings, machines, machinery, means of transportation, and other equipment, appliances and tools related to production and operation with a service life of more than one year. Fixed assets are the means of labor of the enterprise, but also the main assets on which the enterprise depends for production and operation. In addition, fixed assets are both movable assets (such as vehicles) and real estate (houses). Property is a real estate, so property is a fixed asset.
The eight categories of fixed assets include:
1, houses and buildings, refers to the property rights belonging to all the houses and buildings of the enterprise;
2, general office equipment, refers to the enterprise commonly used in the office and affairs of the equipment;
3, special equipment, refers to all the equipment belonging to the enterprise is specifically used for a particular work;
4, cultural relics and displays, refers to the museums, exhibition halls and other cultural institutions of various cultural relics and displays;
5, books, refers to professional libraries, cultural museums of books and units of business books;
6, transportation equipment, refers to a variety of transportation tools used in the logistics sector;
7, machinery and equipment, mainly used in the logistics sector of the enterprise for its own Maintenance of machine tools, power machines, tools, etc. and standby generators, etc., as well as counting instruments, testing instruments and hospital medical equipment and equipment;
8, other fixed assets, refers to the fixed assets not included in the above categories. The competent authorities can be divided appropriately according to the specific circumstances, but also the above categories can be appropriately subdivided to increase the number of types.
In summary, real estate refers to land, houses, prospecting rights, mining rights and other property in accordance with the natural nature or legal provisions of the immovable property, as well as land and land has not yet been separated from the land generated by the land, due to the natural or human attachment to the land and can not be separated from the other substances. To say it is a fixed asset is to look at it from an asset, financial point of view, and to say it is a real estate is to look at it from the point of view of natural nature, law or administration.
Legal basis:
Article 32 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax
Enterprises with fixed assets that really need accelerated depreciation due to technological advances and other reasons can shorten the depreciation period or adopt accelerated depreciation methods. It can be seen that the new tax law is no longer on the rate of residual value of fixed assets to make mandatory provisions for the rate of residual value of fixed assets to determine the right to the enterprise, but emphasizes the rationality of a request for the production and operation of the enterprise and the nature of the fixed assets and the use of fixed assets, and reasonably determine the net residual value of the estimated fixed assets.