There are three main measures:
First, the earthquake department should strengthen earthquake monitoring and forecasting;
The second is that governments at all levels should activate their emergency response plans as appropriate;
Third, the general public should be ready to prevent and avoid earthquakes.
Legal requirements for earthquake prevention:
The People's Republic of China*** and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction
Article 34 The department in charge of seismic work under the State Council is responsible for formulating the national seismic intensity zoning map or the ground vibration parameter zoning map.
The department in charge of seismic work under the State Council and the departments or agencies of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government responsible for the administration of seismic work are responsible for validating the seismic safety evaluation reports of construction projects and determining the requirements for earthquake-resistant defenses.
Article 35 New construction, expansion and alteration of construction projects shall meet the requirements for seismic defenses.
Major construction projects and construction projects where serious secondary disasters may occur shall be evaluated for seismic safety in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State Council, and shall be seismically defended in accordance with the requirements for earthquake-resistant defenses determined by the validated seismic safety evaluation report. The seismic safety evaluation unit of the construction project shall carry out seismic safety evaluation in accordance with the relevant state standards, and shall be responsible for the quality of the seismic safety evaluation report.
Construction projects other than those stipulated in the preceding paragraph shall be seismically defended in accordance with the seismic intensity zoning map or ground vibration parameter zoning map of the seismic defenses determined by the seismic defenses; schools, hospitals and other densely populated places of the construction project shall be in accordance with the higher-than-local housing buildings for the seismic requirements for the design and construction, and to take effective measures to enhance the ability of the seismic defenses.
Article 36 The mandatory standards for construction projects shall be connected with the requirements for seismic defenses.
Article 37 The state encourages the people's governments of cities to organize the development of seismic zoning maps. Earthquake small zoning map by the State Council department in charge of seismic work is responsible for the validation.
Article 38 The construction unit is responsible for the whole process of seismic design and construction of construction works.
The design unit shall carry out seismic design in accordance with the requirements for seismic defense and the mandatory standards for engineering and construction, and shall be responsible for the quality of the seismic design and the accuracy of the design documents issued for the construction drawings.
Construction units shall carry out construction in accordance with the construction plan design documents and mandatory standards for engineering construction, and shall be responsible for the quality of construction.
Construction unit, the construction unit shall use materials, components and equipment in accordance with the construction plan design documents and relevant state standards.
Engineering supervision unit shall be in accordance with the construction design documents and engineering construction mandatory standards for supervision, and construction quality supervision responsibility.
Article 39 The following construction projects have been completed, not to take anti-seismic precautions or anti-seismic precautions do not meet the requirements of anti-seismic precautions, shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State seismic performance appraisal, and to take the necessary seismic reinforcement measures:
(1) major construction projects;
(2) may occur serious secondary disasters in the construction projects;
(c) construction projects with significant historical, scientific, artistic value or important commemorative significance;
(d) schools, hospitals and other densely populated places of construction projects;
(e) construction projects within the key seismic surveillance and defense zone.
Article 40 The local people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the management of earthquake-resistant facilities for the residences of rural villagers and rural public **** facilities, organize and carry out the research and development of practical earthquake-resistant technologies in rural areas,
promote the architectural design and construction technologies that meet the requirements of earthquake-resistant facilities, are economically applicable, and have local characteristics, train the relevant technicians, build demonstration projects, and gradually improve the quality of rural villagers' residences and rural public **** facilities, and gradually raise the level of earthquake-resistant equipment and defense.
The State gives necessary support to rural villagers' residences and rural public **** facilities that need to be equipped with earthquake-resistant defenses.
Article 41 The urban and rural planning shall, according to the needs of emergency evacuation in the event of an earthquake, reasonably determine the emergency evacuation routes and emergency evacuation sites, and make overall arrangements for emergency evacuation in the event of an earthquake necessary transportation, water supply, power supply, sewage disposal and other infrastructure construction.
Article 42 The local people's governments at or above the county level of the key seismic surveillance and defense areas shall, according to the actual needs of the financial budget at this level and material reserves in the arrangement of earthquake relief funds and materials.
Article 43 The state encourages and supports the research, development and popularization of the use of new technologies, techniques and materials that meet the requirements of earthquake-resistant defense and are economical and practical.
Article 44 The people's governments at the county level and their relevant departments and the people's governments of townships and townships, city street offices and other grass-roots organizations shall organize and carry out publicity and popularization activities of knowledge of earthquake emergencies and the necessary earthquake emergency rescue drills, and to improve the ability of citizens to save themselves and each other from earthquakes in the event of an earthquake disaster.
Organs, organizations, enterprises, institutions and other units should be in accordance with the requirements of the local people's government, combined with their own actual situation, to strengthen the knowledge of the unit's personnel of the earthquake emergency publicity and education, to carry out earthquake emergency rescue drills.
Schools should carry out education on earthquake emergency knowledge, organize and carry out the necessary earthquake emergency rescue drills, and cultivate students' safety awareness and self-rescue and mutual-rescue capabilities.
The news media should carry out earthquake disaster prevention and emergency, self-rescue knowledge of public welfare propaganda.
The competent department for earthquake work under the State Council and the departments or agencies of the local people's governments at or above the county level responsible for administering earthquake work shall guide, assist, and supervise the relevant units to do a good job in publicizing and educating the knowledge of earthquake prevention and mitigation, as well as the work of earthquake emergency rescue drills.
Article 45 The State develops the cause of earthquake disaster insurance with financial support, and encourages units and individuals to participate in earthquake disaster insurance.
Expanded Information:
Penalties for violating the law on earthquake preparedness:
The People's Republic of China*** and the Law on Defense Against Earthquakes and Disasters Reduction
Article 82: The competent department of the State Council in charge of earthquake work and the local people's governments at and above the county level departments or agencies responsible for administering earthquake work, and other departments exercising supervisory and administrative powers in accordance with the provisions of this Law,
if they do not grant administrative licenses or handle approval documents in accordance with the law, if they do not investigate or deal with violations of the law upon discovery of such violations or upon receipt of reports of violations of the law, or if they have committed any other acts of failing to perform their duties in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the persons in charge of such acts who are directly responsible for such acts, as well as the others who have direct responsibility for the acts, shall be Be disciplined in accordance with the law.
Article 83 Where the construction of a seismic monitoring network is not carried out in accordance with laws, regulations and relevant state standards, the competent department for earthquake work under the State Council or the department or agency of the local people's government at or above the county level responsible for administering the earthquake work shall order rectification and take corresponding remedial measures; the persons directly responsible and other persons directly liable shall be given penalties in accordance with law.
Article 84 Violation of the provisions of this Law, one of the following acts, the competent department in charge of earthquake work under the State Council or the department or agency of the local people's government at or above the county level responsible for the administration of earthquake work shall order the cessation of the illegal act, the restoration of the original status or the adoption of other remedial measures; if damage is caused, the person shall be held liable for compensation in accordance with the law:
(1) the encroachment on, destruction of, dismantling of, or unauthorized movement of seismic monitoring facilities;
(ii) jeopardizing the environment for seismic observation;
(iii) destroying typical seismic sites and relics.
Units that commit the offenses listed in the preceding paragraph, if the circumstances are serious, shall be fined from 20,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan; individuals that commit the offenses listed in the preceding paragraph, if the circumstances are serious, shall be fined from 2,000 yuan to 2,000 yuan. Constitutes a violation of public security management, the public security organs shall be punished according to law.
Article 85 Anyone who violates the provisions of this Law by failing to build additional anti-jamming facilities or new seismic monitoring facilities in accordance with the requirements shall be ordered by the competent department of the State Council in charge of seismic work, or by the department or agency of the local people's government at or above the county level responsible for the administration of seismic work to make corrections within a certain period of time; if no corrections are made within the prescribed period of time, he or she shall be fined from 20,000 yuan to less than 200,000 yuan; and if any loss is caused, he or she shall bear the responsibility for compensation according to law.
Article 86 If, in violation of the provisions of this Law, a foreign organization or individual engages in seismic monitoring activities in the territory of the People's Republic of China and in other maritime areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China without authorization, the competent department or agency in charge of seismic work under the State Council shall order the cessation of the illegal act, confiscate the results of the monitoring and the monitoring facilities, and impose a fine of 10,000 yuan or more to less than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the fine shall be 100,000 yuan to more than 500,000 yuan. A fine of not less than one hundred thousand yuan and not more than five hundred thousand yuan.
Where an alien commits any of the acts specified in the preceding paragraph, in addition to being punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, he or she shall, in accordance with the provisions of the laws governing the entry and exit of aliens, have his or her period of stay in the People's Republic of China shortened or be disqualified from residing in the People's Republic of China; where the circumstances are serious, he or she shall be expelled or deported from the country within a specified period of time.
Article 87 Where an evaluation of seismic safety is not carried out in accordance with law, or where seismic defenses are not carried out in accordance with the requirements for seismic defenses determined in the seismic safety evaluation report, the competent department for seismic work under the State Council, or the department or agency of the local people's government responsible for administering the seismic work at or above the county level, shall order corrections to be made within a certain period of time; and if corrections are not made within the prescribed period of time, a fine of not less than 30,000 yuan and not more than 300,000 yuan shall be imposed.
Article 88 If, in violation of the provisions of this Law, an opinion on earthquake prediction, an opinion on earthquake forecasting and the results of their evaluation is disseminated to the public, or if social order is disturbed in the transitional resettlement after an earthquake or in the post-disaster restoration and reconstruction after an earthquake, which constitutes a violation of the management of public security, the public security organs shall impose penalties according to law.
Article 89 If a local people's government at or above the county level in an earthquake-stricken area delays, falsely reports, or withholds information on earthquake tremors and disasters, the people's government at the higher level shall order rectification; and the persons directly responsible and other persons directly in charge shall be punished according to law.
Article 90 Where funds or materials for earthquake emergency relief, post-disaster transitional resettlement, or post-disaster restoration and reconstruction are appropriated, retained or misappropriated, the financial department or auditing authority shall, within their respective areas of responsibility, order rectification and the recovery of the funds or materials that have been appropriated, retained or misappropriated; where there is any unlawful income, the unlawful income shall be confiscated;
The unit shall be given a warning or notification of criticism; The directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel, shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.
Ninety-one violation of the provisions of this Law, constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility.