1. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the average change in the retail prices of a wide range (often several hundred) of goods and services over time. This variety of goods and services is divided into several major categories. In the calculation of the CPI, each category is given a weight that indicates its significance. These weights are determined by surveying thousands of households and individuals about the products and services they buy.
The weights are often revised to bring them in line with reality. the CPI is a fixed quantity price index and does not reflect improvements or declines in the quality of goods, nor does it take into account new products. the CPI is called the "core rate of change" when it subtracts the volatile food and energy statistics, and when the core rate of change is less than the core rate of change, the CPI is called the "core rate of change.
When the CPI is below 3 percent, economic growth is relatively low.
The CPI in mainland China consists of eight categories of product prices, including food, tobacco, alcohol and supplies, clothing, household equipment, health care, transportation and communications, entertainment, education and culture, and housing, and the CPI is the most heavily weighted of the eight categories of products.
2, the average price index (GDP deflator, also translated as GDP deflator, the average price index of gross domestic product, or implicit price deflator for GDP) is the ratio of nominal GDP to substantive GDP, expressing the proportionality between money supply and money demand.
Expanded InformationIn order to better adapt to China's economic and social development and changes in the consumption structure of urban and rural residents, and to effectively safeguard the scientific and accurate calculation of the CPI, we have routinely made adjustments to the CPI survey program, which involves adjustments to the comparative base period, the composition of the weights, the survey outlets, and the representative specification products.
I. Starting from January 2011, China's CPI began to calculate the price index series with 2010 as the comparison base period. This is the second time that the base period has been routinely replaced since the CPI fixed-base price index was calculated in 2001, with the first round of base period in 2000 and the second round in 2005. The base periods are adjusted to make comparisons easier. This is because the longer the base period for comparison, the more the price specification items change and the comparability decreases. The purpose of choosing every 0 and 5 years as the comparison base period for calculating the CPI is to keep the same cycle with the five-year plan for China's national economic and social development, which makes it easier to analyze and use the data.
Two, according to the data of the 2010 National Urban and Rural Consumption Expenditure Survey and the statistics of relevant departments, the composition of the CPI weights has been adjusted accordingly in accordance with the provisions of the system. Among them, housing increased by 4.22 percentage points, food decreased by 2.21 percentage points, cigarettes and alcohol decreased by 0.51 percentage points, clothing decreased by 0.49 percentage points, household equipment and services decreased by 0.36 percentage points, health care and personal goods decreased by 0.36 percentage points, transportation and communication decreased by 0.05 percentage points, and recreation, education and cultural goods and services decreased by 0.25 percentage points. percent.
Three, according to the latest commercial business, farmers' market and service consumption unit status in 2010 in each selected survey city and county, 13,000 survey outlets were added in accordance with the principles and methods stipulated by the national unification. The number of survey outlets (including grocery stores, department stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, specialty markets, specialty stores, shopping centers, and farmers' markets and service units, etc.) to collect national CPI prices reached 63,000 outlets.
Fourth, the selected survey cities and counties in accordance with the consumption level of local residents, consumption habits in accordance with the principles and methods of the national unified regulations, part of the representative specifications of the goods in a timely manner to update.
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