Zhongshan, known as Xiangshan, is the hometown of China's great revolutionary pioneer Dr. Sun Yat-sen, established in the Southern Song Dynasty, Shaoxing 22 (1152 AD), in 1925 to commemorate Dr. Sun Yat-sen and renamed Zhongshan County. 1983 county set up a city in 1988 was upgraded to the Guangdong Province, a prefecture-level city.
In recent years, the municipal party committee and municipal government of Zhongshan adhere to Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of "Three Represents" and the scientific concept of development as the guidance, and thoroughly implement the spirit of the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 16th CPC Central Committee, vigorously promote the construction of a harmonious society, and adhere to the "Industrial Strength", "Lawfulness", and "Legalization". "In 2006, the city's gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to 103.6 billion yuan, the per capita GDP of households was 73,198 yuan, and the tax revenue of the state and local governments was 15.7 billion yuan, and the tax revenue of the state and local governments was 15.7 billion yuan.
First, the economic structure is further optimized
The ratio of the three industries is adjusted to 3.1:61.6:35.3. The industry maintains rapid development, and the quality and efficiency are improved synchronously. 2006, the city's industrial output value reached 301.842 billion yuan, an increase of 19.1%, and the industrial value-added was 60.585 billion yuan, an increase of 17.6%. Among them, the equipment manufacturing industry realized gross output value of 65.106 billion yuan, an increase of 22.3%. The advantages of industrial clusters are obvious, with 22 national industrial bases, 11 provincial-level specialized towns, and 7 demonstration zones for upgrading industrial clusters in Guangdong Province. Famous brand strategy has been effective, with 342 national and provincial famous brands and exempted products, and has been recognized as "China's Brand Economy City" and "National Quality Advanced City". Further optimization of resource allocation, and Yangjiang, Shaoguan, Heyuan and other cities to cooperate in the construction of a total planning area of 38,000 acres of the four industrial transfer park. Comprehensive implementation of the eastern coastal development strategy, bonded logistics center and other major projects to speed up the promotion of the eastern "one district and three towns" GDP accounted for 22.8% of the city's total economic output. The added value of the tertiary industry amounted to 36.621 billion yuan, an increase of 16.8%. Among them, the total retail sales of consumer goods amounted to 33.107 billion yuan, the real estate market supply and demand are both booming, the annual commercial housing construction area, sales area and sales were 10.738 million square meters, 3.7213 million square meters and 11.350 billion yuan; post and telecommunications revenues of 4.027 billion yuan, and the total income of 7.537 billion yuan from tourism. The pace of rural industrialization, urbanization and agricultural industrialization has accelerated, the comprehensive production capacity has been strengthened, the development of beneficial agriculture, characteristic agriculture, brand agriculture and green agriculture is in good shape, the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology reaches 60%, *** there are 27 municipal agricultural leading enterprises, and the total agricultural output value of 5.461 billion yuan was realized in 2006.
Second, the internal and external sources of economic coordination and rapid growth
Grasp the opportunity of global industrial transfer and Pan-Pearl River Delta cooperation, expanding the opening up of the world, the use of foreign capital structure continues to optimize. The city's imports and exports totaled 23.134 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 23.8%. The city's total import and export value is 23.134 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 23.8%, of which 7.524 billion U.S. dollars is imported, an increase of 16.1%; 15.610 billion U.S. dollars is exported, an increase of 27.9%. 294 new foreign investment projects were approved in 2006, with contracted utilization of foreign capital of 819 million U.S. dollars, and the actual utilization of foreign capital of 706 million U.S. dollars, an increase of 8.39%; 16 projects with investment of more than 10 million dollars. Adhere to improve the import and export fair trade mechanism, anti-dumping early warning and trade barriers to deal with the work has been effective. The port facilities have been continuously improved, and the efficiency of customs clearance has been further enhanced. The pace of "going out" has accelerated. The rapid development of the private economy, the city **** 18,000 private enterprises, 112,000 individual households, in 2006, private enterprises realized gross industrial output value of 108.01 billion yuan, accounting for 35.8% of the city's total industrial output value.
Third, the city's function is getting better and better
According to the idea of integrating urban and rural areas, highlighting the characteristics, enlarging the framework, and perfecting the function, over the past few years, 1.8 billion yuan was invested to complete the transformation of the Boai Road and the Qiwan Road, and the central group of integrated garbage disposal bases, the Culture and Arts Center and a number of other urban landmarks, and the rate of urbanization has reached 84.2%. Modern three-dimensional transportation network is basically formed. The city's existing highway mileage of 1,571 kilometers, the formation of national highways and trunk highways and the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, the Middle River Expressway, the Western Coastal Highway as the skeleton of the well-connected highway network, "Smooth Project", "Intelligent Transportation System" through the acceptance; 90 km Within a radius of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Hong Kong, Macao and other 5 major airports; in accordance with the "Pearl River Delta Rail Transit Planning", Guangzhou-Zhuhai Light Rail in Zhongshan section has been the entire line of construction, Zhongshan territory will be built with Nantou Station, Xiaolan Station, Dongsheng Station, Shiqi Station, Zhongshan Station, Cui-Heng Station and Guzhen Station and other 7 stations. Port, the formation of the east of Zhongshan Port, the south of the Shenwan Port, the north of Xiaolan Port "Pin" shaped terminal layout, the port container throughput of 1.13 million TEUs, Zhongshan Port container throughput is located in the country's top 10. Adequate power supply and water supply, in 2006, the power supply of the whole society reached 13.2 billion kilowatt-hours, the daily water supply of 606,700 cubic meters; the city's total fiber optic skin length of more than 13,000 kilometers, 372,000 Internet users, information technology index of 72.3%. In recent years, the city has become "National Health City", "National Garden City", "National Advanced City in Science and Technology", "China Excellent Tourism City", "National Garden City", "National Advanced City in Science and Technology", "China Outstanding Tourism City", "National Tourism City", "National Tourism City", "National Tourism City", "National Tourism City", "National Tourism City" and "National Tourism City". Tourism City", "National Model City of Double Embrace", "National Model City of Environmental Protection", "National Civilized City", and won the "United Nations Habitat Award". "The city has been awarded the United Nations Habitat Award and other honors.
Fourth, people's livelihoods further improve
Integrated urban and rural employment, over the past three years, the city **** invested more than 60 million yuan for training, promotion of employment and re-employment, the transfer of surplus rural labor force to achieve employment of 59,000 people, the urban registered unemployment rate is controlled at less than 2.5%. The city's occupational minimum monthly wage was raised to 690 yuan. Social security coverage was further expanded, with 3,683,400 people participating in social insurance. Vigorous efforts were made to promote basic agricultural pension insurance and basic hospitalization medical insurance for urban and rural residents, with the number of participants reaching 345,000 and 189,000 respectively by 2006, and the coverage rate of the new type of agricultural cooperative medical care reaching 97.0%. A centralized feeding project for urban and rural widows and orphans has been implemented, with an investment of more than 63 million yuan in the renovation and expansion of 11 town-level rural homes for the elderly, and a centralized feeding rate of 41%. Promoting the project of helping the poor and needy, setting up the "fund for helping the poor and needy", building a total of 24,000 square meters of housing for "double-disadvantaged households", and reconstructing 39,000 square meters of dilapidated houses for the low-income group. The standard of living of urban and rural residents has improved significantly, with the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents reaching 83.277 billion yuan in 2006, the annual per capita disposable income of urban residents 18,897 yuan, and the annual per capita net income of farmers 9,006 yuan.
Fifth, new achievements in social undertakings
Adhering to the "science and technology" strategy, vigorously promote the construction of urban innovation system, there are 121 national, provincial and municipal engineering and technology research and development centers, 3 post-doctoral workstations, the Torch Area Venture Center was awarded the title of " National Venture Service Center". National Entrepreneurship Service Center". Successful creation of the provincial "education city", primary and secondary school quality degree coverage of nearly 80%; high school and higher education gross enrollment rate of 75.3% and 43.8%, the implementation of free compulsory education for the city's household students; 5 higher education institutions. Xiangshan culture research and application of fruitful results, public **** cultural service system continues to improve, the townships and districts of all cultural stations to achieve the provincial level or higher standards, Zhongshan - China Radio Museum, Xiangshan Museum of commercial culture, respectively, to become the first domestic museum of the same type. Zhongshan Library, with a collection of 640,000 books, is a national-level public **** library. Investment of more than 500 million Zhongshan Culture and Arts Center opened since the successful holding of Boao Forum for Asia 2005 cultural industry conference and other major events, has become the city's cultural landmark. Sports development, access to "national fitness model city" title, in 2006, the city's sports **** 3 people 4 times broken (super) 7 world records, won the group and individual world champion 4, the national champion 1. Actively create a national ecological city and the Guangdong Provincial Forestry Ecological City, the establishment of Wugui Mountain Natural Ecological Reserve, to promote the "greening of Zhongshan earth project", and vigorously carry out cleaner production and pollution control and cleaning. Municipal towns and villages at three levels of public **** health service network is further improved, **** there are 18 national and provincial health towns, community health services up to 81%. Establishment and improvement of animal disease prevention and control system. Vigorously promote the construction of "Safe Zhongshan", the petition network is further improved, the production safety situation is good. Improvement of social security prevention and control system, the initial establishment of the city, town, village (residence) three-level mobile population management system. Started the construction of political and legal network (Golden Shield Project), social security video surveillance system, the national comprehensive management of law and order in the city of excellent "Chang'an Cup" title.
In 2007, the municipal party committee and the municipal government put forward the implementation of "scientific development, improve people's livelihood, and promote harmony" approach to work in the work of the correct handling of the "five relations": First, economic development in the "good" and "good" and "good" and "good". Good" and "fast" relationship in economic development, to ensure that the quality of economic growth and efficiency of the unity of the second is the development of power in the "external" and "internal" relationship to achieve The second is the relationship between "external" and "internal" in the development momentum, so as to realize the coordinated development of internal and external sources of economy; the third is the relationship between "construction" and "management" in the urban construction, combining the strengthening of major infrastructure construction and scientific and effective management; the fourth is the relationship between "leniency" and "strictness" in the social management. The fourth is the relationship between "leniency" and "strictness" in social management, and the formation of a lenient and strict, civilized and rule of law management order; the fifth is the relationship between "collection" and "release" in the coordination of interests, and the need to both increase the resources and financial resources. Increase the integration of resources and financial resources, but also to reflect the interests of the next. Determine the main expected goals of economic and social development: the city's gross domestic product growth of about 12%, industrial output value growth of 14%, social investment in fixed assets growth of 6%, foreign trade and export growth of 15%, the annual per capita disposable income of urban residents increased by 5%, the annual per capita net income of farmers increased by 6%, the urban registered unemployment rate of 3% or less, the population growth rate of natural population control in the following 6.25 ‰.
The topography of Zhongshan City plane outline like a tightly held and upward raised fist, long and narrow north and south, east and west short and narrow. The terrain configuration is divided into the northern plains, the central mountainous area and the southern plains. Plain area accounts for about 68% of the city's area, the mountains account for 25%, the river accounts for 7%. The city is surrounded by water on three sides, and the major waterways within the city flow from the northwest to the southeast, with more than 5,000 rivers and artificial drainage and irrigation channels intertwined and interconnected, and distributed in a radial fan shape with the Chongkou Gate as the apex. The topography of Zhongshan is based on the quasi-platform of South China, and after a long period of climate change and wind and rain erosion, it has formed the present water town topography and geomorphology which is mainly alluvial plains with low hills and terraces staggered in between.
The base of the plain is granite, is a siltation floating flat source. The city's plain area of about 1,242 square kilometers, by the low hills separated into three large areas: the northern plain, ranging from Zhangjiabian in the east, west to the ancient town, north to Huangpu, south to the vicinity of Shiqi, an area of more than 850 square kilometers, the city's most extensive plain; the southern plain, also known as the Jindouwan Plain, the south and southeast of the city of Zhuhai bordering the south and southeast of the southwest side of the Mudoumen Waterway, the north and northwest of the back of the Wugui Mountain low hills and Bashueling high hills, an area of about 1,100 square kilometers. Hills, with an area of about 11O square kilometers, is the second largest plain in the city; the southwest plain, located on the east side of the middle reaches of the Modiamen Waterway, with an area of nearly 100 square kilometers, has a low topography, most of which is below sea level, with a high water table, and is the area of distribution of the city's lower soils.
Mudflats are mainly distributed along the eastern coast of the city, the southwestern coast and riverbanks, some of which have crossed the outer side of the Yokohama Gate, covering an area of about 150 square kilometers. The city's coast 26 kilometers, bordering the Pearl River Estuary Lingdingyang area, most of them are silty coast, due to alluvial deposits continue to downwash deposition, the beach area is expanding, the West and North River estuary stretching outward year by year, becoming a new alluvial plains.
The low-hill plateau is located in the central south of the city, covering an area of about 400 square kilometers. Wugui Mountain is the main vein, and the surrounding mountains to form the city's main low hills and terraces, the elevation is mostly between 100 and 300 meters, more than 300 meters above the peaks of more than 10. Range ranks have Zhuoqi Mountain, Flag Hill, Long Waist Long Mountain, Dajian Mountain, Nantai Mountain, Zhou Dongkeng Mountain, Baiyun Run Mountain, Wugui Mountain, Flying Cloud Cave Mountain and other 9 mountain columns, of which Wugui Mountain is the highest, elevation of 531 meters, the mountain column is more continuous, the terrain is majestic, the southeast slope extends to the city of Zhuhai. Penny's Hill District is located to the west of Wugui Mountain, west to the waterway of the Mordor Gate, the area is smaller than the Wugui Mountain District, the base is mainly granite, weather resistance is stronger, the mountains are more steep, there are five peaks above 300 meters, the highest peak of the White Water Forest up to 473 meters. The low hills of the Wugui and Penny's Hill Districts are basically covered with vegetation; in the gullies where streams develop, there are more trees and bushes. On the periphery of the mountainous hills, the height gradually decreases to a vast expanse of hills and terraces with obvious contours, mainly in the towns of Shaxi and Zhangjabian. The altitude of the tableland is generally between 25 and 50 meters, the weathering layer is thick, and most of them have been developed into orchards and dry fields, and the cultural activities and economic activities in the city boundary are mainly concentrated in this area. Rural settlements set up, highway access, but also more related to the tableland.
Second, geology
Zhongshan City, the exposed strata of the widely developed Cenozoic quaternary system is the main, in the north, central and southern exposed in the Paleozoic, Mesozoic strata and the north of the sporadic exposure of the Yuan Gu Boundary of the Aurora of the ancient strata. The Cenozoic quaternary system is widely distributed in the territory, according to its genesis type is divided into residual layer, alluvial flood layer, alluvial marine layer and marine layer.
The geotectonic system belongs to the Yuezhong Depression, which is a part of the Yuezhong Depression in the North, Northeast and Central Yuezhong Depression Belt of the South China Fold Bundle. The Yuezhong Depression is divided into a number of rupture bundles, and Zhongshan is located in the southwest section of the Zengcheng-Taishan rupture bundle. Fracture structures in the city are developed, widely distributed and clearly exposed. According to their directions, they can be divided into several groups of north-east, north-north-east, north-west and east-west directions. Fold structure, due to the sedimentary rock exposure is not much, and by the fracture changes and magma intrusion damage, and thus the fold structure is more incomplete, the more obvious only deep bay folds, Yong Mor folds two groups.
Mineral resources, due to the stratigraphic distribution is relatively simple, and therefore not rich in mineral resources. Solid combustible minerals: peat soil is the only fuel deposits in Zhongshan, distributed in Zhangjabian and Nan? towns, with oil content generally around 10% and some as high as 16% to 18%. The quality is better, but the reserve is only about 1 million tons, the topsoil layer is thin, the mining cost is low, and it can be used locally for small-scale open-pit mining. Metal minerals: magnetite, wolframite, sand tin ore, etc., are due to small reserves, low grade, veins scattered, mining value is not high. Construction minerals: oyster shells, a large number of distribution in the northern delta plain, buried depth is not large, the thickness of up to 2 to 4 meters, into a strip and layer distribution, rich in calcium, is one of the city's commonly used building materials; stone to granite-based, mainly in the Wugui Mountain low hills; kaolin, mainly in the Huancheng and Zhangjiabian and other places.
Three, hydrology
Zhongshan City, the density of the river network is one of the larger areas in China. The watercourses and rivers receive the incoming water from the West and North Rivers, and the water begins to rise in April and gradually falls in October every year, with the flood season lasting for more than half a year. In the northeast is the Hongqili Waterway of the Beijiang River System; in the center is the Donghai Waterway, which branches down to the Jiuwu Waterway and Xiaolan Waterway, merging and injecting into the Hengmen Waterway; in the west is the Xijiang River Main Stream, which goes out of the sea at Mordoche Gate. There are also Huangpu Waterway and Huangsha Lek communicating with each other, forming a crisscrossing river network zone. The city **** has 289 tributaries with a total length of 977.1 kilometers. The main waterways:
Chicken Crow waterway north of Ronggui waterway, both sides of the north through the Dongfeng, Fusha Town; the east bank of the north through the town of Nantou, Ma Xinlian Wei and the people of the three Lianwei, in the end of the South and Xiaolan waterway confluence, injected into the Hengmen waterway out of the sea, a total length of 33 kilometers, the face of the width of 200 to 300 meters. The waterway excretes Xijiang River floods, and the two sides of the river become the flood control area of Zhongshan City.
Xiaolan waterway north of Shunde City, Manning waterway, in Yingguo Tsui into the city. Both banks pass through Xiaolan, Tanbui, harbor town; the east bank passes through Dongfeng, Fusha Town, in Dananwei and cock crow waterway convergence into the Hengmen waterway out to sea. The total length of 31 kilometers, face width of 150 to 300 meters. The waterway drainage upstream of the Xijiang River floods, both sides of the river has become the city's main flood control areas.
Hengmen Waterway Up to Xiaolan, Jie Crow, Shiqi waterway, through Zhangjabian, Zhongshan Port Area, by the Hengmen out of the Pearl River Estuary. The total length of 12 kilometers, face width of 800 to 1000 meters.
Huangsha Lek West of Jikei Crow Waterway, flowing eastward through Huangpu, Triangle Township border, to the Shiji Shatou into the Hongqi Lek, a total length of 10 kilometers, face width of 130 to 150 meters. Is the Huangpu Town, Triangle Town, the people of the town of farmland drainage and irrigation of the river, but also the chicken Crow Waterway is the main drainage branch.
Huangpu waterway West to chicken Crow waterway, east to Samsung Waikou connected to the Hongqi lee, a total length of 11 kilometers, face width of 100 to 150 meters. Is the Huangpu, Nantou town farmland drainage and irrigation river.
Shiqi River Across the middle of the city, to the northeast through the suburbs, Zhangjabian District out of the East River mouth sluice, injected into the Hengmen waterway; west to the south through the ring of urban areas and Banfu Town, to the West River mouth sluice, out of the Liaozhou door, a total length of 46 kilometers, the width of the face of 80 to 200 meters.
Beitai Stream It originates in Wugui Mountain between the wind-blown Luo Belt Peak and the top of Meihuadi. The main stream to the north and northwest, flowing through the Penang Hill, Shi Yingqiao, turn west to the Meihuakeng through the manger water out of the Shek Kwu Tart, South Hangkou, Zi Nai Wan and other villages, through the Dadaoyang Mountain through the Qiguan Highway Beitai Bridge, around the northern foot of Huzhou Mountain into the Shiqi River. The total length of 23 kilometers, face width of 6 to 12 meters.
Dahuan River (Xiaoyinchong) originates between the main peak of Wugui Mountain and the wind-blown Luodai Peak. The main stream flows to the north and northeast, flowing through the village of Daliao will Tongzikeng water, past the old house forest, out of the western branch, through the village of Dahuan, into the Hengmen waterway. The total length of 25 kilometers, face width of 8 to 15 meters.