Ruoxian Hei (1911~1943) was the leader of the women's movement in western Shandong during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. He founded various progressive journals.
Chinese name: Ruoxian Hei.
Brekiev
Nationality: People's Republic of China (PRC).
Ethnic group: Hui nationality
Place of birth: Linqing, Shandong Province
Date of birth: 19 1 1 year.
Date of death:1943 65438+1October 23rd.
Occupation: leader of women's movement
Graduation school: Linqing Lilian Rural Teachers College
Representative works: Torrent, Fortress Branch, Anti-Japanese War Daily.
Original name: Heiliqing
outline
Formerly known as Li Qing, female, Hui nationality. Linqing people. 1930 Liaocheng No.3 Normal School was forced to drop out of school because of poor family, and then became a primary school teacher to save income. 1935, she was admitted to Linqing Lilian Rural Normal School. After graduation, he became the first complete primary school teacher in Linqing. At school, instill patriotism in students; Outside the school, publicize equality between men and women, resist Japan and save the nation, and organize women's movements. 1April, 937, Xu was introduced to join the China * * * Production Party, and was appointed as a member of the temporary special branch of * * *. Established newspapers and periodicals such as Linqing Times and Women's Supplement, devoted to the propaganda and education of resisting Japan and saving the nation. 1937165438+1After the fall of Linqing in October, she lost contact with the higher party organizations. She led the team to Taian, found the anti-Japanese national vanguard, and was introduced to work in the military and political training department of Jinan Third Regiment. At the beginning of 1938, he was sent to Dong 'e County to carry out rural work, and soon he was transferred to Nangong Party School in southern Hebei Province to study. After graduation, she returned to Linqing and became the deputy director of Linqing County Women's Salvation Association. Women work very actively. 1939 spring, transferred to northwest Shandong women's Committee. In the autumn of the same year, he served as the chief of the Propaganda Section of the prefectural party committee, and was the editor-in-chief of Anti-Japanese War Daily, prefectural party committee organ newspaper, torrent and inner-party publications. 194 1, mobilization of literary and art circles in special areas. /kloc-in the spring of 0/943, he was transferred to the editorial department of the first prefectural committee of Hebei, Shandong and Henan, and edited the party magazine Bao Lei Branch. During her tenure as the editor-in-chief of the party newspaper, she meticulously edited the manuscript, and the newspaper was very effective. In the autumn of the same year, she was transferred to the Deputy Minister of Women's Department of Northwest Shandong Anti-Union. 1943 10 month, died of cholera.
The life of the character
Ruoxian Hei likes reading since he was a child. Despite the financial difficulties at home, she managed to get into the No.1 girls' primary school in the county, and then dropped out of school in the Women's Department of Shandong No.3 Normal University. During the first revolutionary civil war, influenced by the progressive thought at that time, she returned to the county seat to participate in revolutionary activities during the Northern Expedition, organized a "Women's Club" in Linqing County, took the lead in getting a haircut, and publicized gender equality and women's liberation. Although satirized by feudal forces, she was not afraid. She also enthusiastically cooperated with Comrade Shen Tingxiang to organize farmers' associations and publicized "Down with the great powers" and "Down with corrupt officials, local tyrants and evil gentry". Later, because the Kuomintang defected to the revolution, revolutionary activities were destroyed and banned.
1930, she went to southwest Guan primary school as a primary school teacher. Later, she saved a meager income and was admitted to Linqing Lilian Rural Normal School with 1935. After graduation, I became a teacher in Linqing No.1 Complete Primary School. In Linqing, she became a striking revolutionary intellectual in the field of women. She loves education and ideological progress, instills patriotism in students and cares about their ideological progress enthusiastically.
1April, 937, after Xu's introduction, he was honored to join the China * * * Production Party and served as the propaganda committee member of Linqing Teke. She, Li, secretary of the branch, and Yan, member of the branch organization, often carry out propaganda work for young people to resist Japan and save the nation outside the school to improve their national consciousness. Together with Wei Chi, Wang Yulin and Wei Chi Xiufen, they also organized underground mobile libraries and current affairs symposiums to carry out underground revolutionary activities.
After the "July 7th Incident", the Japanese army invaded southward along the Jin-Pu line with unprecedented strength, and Peiping, Tianjin and Cangzhou successively fell and occupied Linqing. With the rapid deterioration of the environment, Ruoxian Hei and his comrades lost contact with the higher party organizations and temporarily moved to the countryside. In rural areas, comrades have planned to leave those who have ties with the masses in the countryside, while other comrades will go to Linfen, Shanxi Province to train guerrilla cadres of the Eighth Route Army, or go directly to Yan 'an to find the Party Central Committee. This is a long journey, dangerous and difficult. Ruoxian Hei is weak. Everyone was worried about her health and advised her to stay, but her mother was reluctant to let her go. She stubbornly insisted on going to the anti-Japanese team to find the party organization in person. She said, "I've decided to go. I am willing to die for the anti-Japanese war. " At that time, the Japanese army controlled the northern section of Pinghan Railway, and Ruoxian Hei and his party went to Taian first. Along the way, she climbed the mountain with everyone and forgot hunger and fatigue. When I came to Taian, I heard that there was an anti-Japanese "People First" Corps. They were overjoyed and went to find it at once.
Sun Taolin, Minister of Corps, met them, and Ruoxian Hei stayed in Shandong to do propaganda work. At that time, Shandong needed to mobilize the masses and urge the Kuomintang to resist Japan. The "People First" regiment introduced them to the Jinan Third Regiment Military and Political Training Institute (i.e. Ping Jin Exiled Students Training Institute).
The Japanese army is approaching and Jinan is about to fall. One night, Ruoxian Hei and others were ordered to take a military train to Jining. It was winter, there was no roof, and the cold north wind made everyone tremble. This situation is unbearable for some young men and women who just came out of school, but Ruoxian Hei doesn't care. He drove for hours without saying a word.
I lived in Jining for less than a week, then moved to Cao County, this time on foot at night. On the way, Ruoxian Hei's feet blistered, and his physical strength was not enough. He needs help walking. With * * * party member's tenacious perseverance, she overcame the pain and fatigue, and finally limped for hundreds of miles and came to Caoxian.
At the beginning of 1938, China's strategic policy against the enemy was to wage guerrilla warfare with the Japanese army. At this time, some people are needed to mobilize the masses behind the enemy. Ruoxian Hei was the first to sign up to go deep behind enemy lines and persist in guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines. Back in the sixth district of Liaocheng, Shandong Province, Xu Fen, deputy of the provincial party committee and secretary of the special committee, and others went to work in Xichengpu, Dong 'e County. In the early summer of this year, the party organization transferred Ruoxian Hei to the Party School where the Eighth Route Army 129 Division was located in the southern Hebei border region. 1938 After graduation in May, the Japanese army withdrew from Linqing, and she was assigned to Linqing to carry out women's work, and together with Comrade Li Yunhua, she organized the County Women's Salvation Association. Later, the county women's rescue association led by her became one of the most active and effective mass organizations in the local area.
1938 1 171October 17, Linqing fell for the second time, and the leading comrades of Ruoxian Hei and the county and most cadres of the Women's Rescue Association moved to Shili Village in the north of the city to carry out mass work. After the liaison office of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division in Linqing was established, the Japanese army withdrew from Linqing again, and under the cover of the liaison office, she returned to work in Linqing.
1939 Spring, Ruoxian Hei was transferred to the Women's Committee of Luxi No.1 District Committee. When the advance column of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division opened the Taixi base eastward, she took part in the famous Liuli Temple battle. After the fighting, the troops evacuated government personnel, and Ruoxian Hei, Liu Huixi and Zhao Chunying returned to guanxian. The enemy situation along the way was very serious. She cares about her comrades enthusiastically, regardless of herself. Zhao Chunying said with emotion: "Comrade Ruoxian is really our teacher. She guided me to the revolutionary road, made suggestions at work and cared about my life. The landlady said that she looks like my mother too much. "
After Ruoxian Hei joined the army, she did whatever the Party needed her to do. From the spring of 1939 to the spring of 1943, she was mobilized many times, and she happily obeyed the assignment. In the past four years, she has been transferred to the Propaganda Department of prefectural Party Committee (as the Minister of Propaganda Department), the District Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Weidong Middle School, the Editorial Department of prefectural Party Committee, the Anti-Union Branch of prefectural Party Committee (as the Deputy Minister of Women's Department) and the Women's Committee of prefectural Party Committee. No matter what job she does, she is very serious. When she was in the Propaganda Department and Editorial Department of the prefectural Party Committee, she was responsible for editing the local party magazines Torrent, Fort Branch and the Anti-Japanese War Daily, the organ newspaper of the Northwest Shandong Special Committee. She studied hard and tirelessly, and embodied the instructions of her superiors in the party magazine, which was very effective. She revised the manuscript, meticulously publicized the news of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, party member's exemplary role, and the situation and tasks of the struggle against the enemy. When she was a theory teacher in Weidong Middle School, she worked in spite of illness, prepared lessons carefully, and integrated theory with practice. Sometimes she was attacked by the enemy, struggling with teachers and students, camping in the wild at night and attending classes as usual during the day, which was praised by teachers and students. Ruoxian Hei worked in spite of illness and always maintained full political enthusiasm.
1July, 943, Hebei, Shandong and Henan Provinces were placed under the leadership of the Party Committee in southern Hebei Province. At this time, the whole party is in the process of rectification, and prefectural party Committee cadres need to gather in Taihang to study. From Liaocheng to Taihang, you have to pass through the enemy war zone. Ruoxian Hei is ill. The leaders of the prefectural party Committee wanted her to stay here and take care of her, but she insisted on leaving. After the departure, I was "swept up" by the Japanese army in the Han and magnetic areas of the Pinghan line, fearing that my comrades would be dragged into trouble and returned. However, she is not satisfied with being behind. She went to Taihang again, but unfortunately she suffered from malaria on the way, so she had to return and live in Dali Village in the south of guanxian. Due to the Japanese army's germ warfare in Luxi, cholera is prevalent and famine is serious here. In some villages, 10 to 20 people die every day. Ruoxian Hei shared weal and woe with the masses, dug wild vegetables and picked leaves, and persisted in his work regardless of illness and hunger. Soon, she also contracted cholera. 1943 10 One night, she had a sudden attack of cholera, vomiting and diarrhea, and severe pain in her stomach. During the war, the people were helpless because of lack of medical care and medicine, and her heart didn't stop beating until the early morning of the next day. After Ruoxian Hei's death, the people's government regarded him as a revolutionary martyr.
1On August 5th, 945, Japanese imperialism announced its unconditional surrender, and the people in the anti-Japanese base areas rejoiced. At the moment of celebrating victory, the party and the government also deeply cherish the memory of the revolutionary martyrs. 1946 12 10, the cultural, educational and women's circles in Linqing county held a memorial service for Comrade Ruoxian Hei. At the meeting, the comrades mourned her and said: "Comrade Ruoxian is a revolutionary pioneer in the local women's field and a good daughter of the party. Her struggle courage, hard work spirit and hard study spirit are excellent."