Five-axis machining center is a high-tech, high-precision CNC machine tools, specifically for the processing of complex surfaces of the machine tool, this machine tool on the aerospace, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment and other industries have a pivotal influence on the five-axis linkage machining centers are currently the solution to the impeller, blades, marine propellers, heavy-duty generator rotor, steam turbine rotor, crankshafts of large-scale diesel engines and other Favorable means.
Five-axis machining centers are characterized by high efficiency and accuracy, and the front of the spindle is a rotary head that can encircle the Z-axis by 360° by itself, known as the C-axis, and there is also an A-axis with a rotary head that can rotate around the X-axis, which is generally up to plus or minus 90° or more, to achieve the same function as above. The advantage of this setup is that the spindle machining is very flexible, and the table can be designed to be very large, so that the huge fuselage of an aircraft and the car shell can be machined on this tip machining center. This design makes in the use of spherical milling cutter machining surface, when the tool centerline perpendicular to the machining surface, due to the spherical milling cutter apex line speed is zero, apex cut out of the workpiece surface quality will be very poor, the use of the main spindle can be rotary design, so that the main spindle relative to the workpiece to turn an angle, so that the milling cutter to avoid the apex of the cut to ensure that there is a certain machining speed, which can improve the surface of the parts quality of the machining. This structure is very popular by the mold high-precision surface processing, which is difficult to do with the old machining centers. In order to achieve high precision rotary, high-grade rotary axis is also configured with grating feedback, indexing accuracy are within a few seconds, of course, this type of spindle rotary structure is more complex, the manufacturing cost is relatively high.
Five-axis machining technology in a complex shape of the surface needs to use five independent axes *** with the same CNC interpolation movement in order to obtain a smooth and smooth surface processing technology. Although theoretically speaking any complex surface can be used X / Y / Z three-axis coordinates to express, but the actual processing tool is not a point, but a certain size of the entity, in order to avoid the space distortion of the processing of the tool and machining surface of the interference between the surface and the surface of the surface to ensure the consistency of the surface of the cutting conditions of the various points, the need to adjust the tool axis and the surface of the surface law of the angle between the direction of the two-dimensional.
The number of axes in a five-axis machining center refers to the number of axes required for independent motion when machining the same surface, not the number of controllable axes that the CNC has.