Wavelengths from largest to smallest: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light (red-orange-yellow-green-blue-indigo-violet), ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays.
Wavelengths:
Radio wave wavelengths are usually expressed in terms of frequency: 300KHz-30GHz
Microwave 1mm-1m
Infrared 0.76-1000μm
Visible light:
Red 640 -780nm
Orange 640-610nm
Yellow 610-530nm
Green 505-525nm
Blue 505- 470nm
Violet 470-380nm
Ultraviolet 0.01-0.4μm
x-rays 0.01-10nm
γ-rays Shorter than 0.02nm
Uses:
Radio waves: such as radios, wireless televisions, walkie-talkies, and so on.
Microwave: widely used in a variety of communications services, including microwave multiplex communications, microwave relay communications, mobile communications and satellite communications. Most of the modern radar is microwave radar, and radio radiometer, microwave ovens and so on.
Infrared: infrared in the surveillance equipment used more, generally comes with a near-infrared light source, the system design and visible light is very similar. Far infrared is mostly used in the military.
Visible light: that is, we can usually see the various colors of light, that use is too broad.
Ultraviolet light: fluorescent lamps, a variety of fluorescent lamps and black lights used in agriculture to trap pests are using ultraviolet light to stimulate the fluorescent material to emit light.
X-rays: commonly used in medicine for fluoroscopy, used in industry to detect injuries. x-rays can stimulate fluorescence, ionization of gases, photographic latex, so x-rays can be used for ionization meters, scintillation counters, and photographic latex film, etc. Detection of X-rays.
Gamma rays: gamma rays have a strong penetrating power, can be used in the industry to detect injuries or automatic control of the assembly line. Gamma rays have a killing effect on cells and are used to treat tumors in medicine.
Expanded Information:
According to the way the various electromagnetic waves are generated, they can be divided into three components:
The high-frequency region (high-energy radiation region)
These include x-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays. They are produced by bombarding certain substances using charged particles. These radiations are characterized by their high quantum energy and when they interact with matter, the fluctuations are weak and the particles are strong.
Long-wave region (low-energy radiation region)
These include radiation at the lowest frequencies, such as long waves, radio waves, and microwaves. They are generated and received by electron beam tubes In conjunction with the *** vibration structure of capacitors and inductors, that is, the energy is formed by oscillating between capacitors and inductors. Their interaction with matter is more of a fluctuating nature.
Intermediate zone (medium energy radiation zone)
This includes infrared radiation, visible light and ultraviolet radiation. This part of the radiation is generated by the movement of atoms and molecules, in the infrared radiation is mainly generated by the rotation and vibration of molecules; and in the visible and ultraviolet radiation is mainly generated by the electron in the atomic field of the leap. This part of the radiation is collectively known as optical radiation, these radiations in the interaction with matter , showing the dual nature of fluctuations and particles.
The electromagnetic spectrum of all types of radiation sources in nature is quite rich, quite broad, and photoelectronic imaging technology is directly related to the X-ray, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared and microwave electromagnetic spectrum, their characteristic parameters are the wavelength λ, the frequency f and the photon energy E.
The three relations are f=c/λ, E=hf=hc/λ and E=1.24/λ, the formula is f = c/λ, E=hf=hc/λ, and E=1.24/λ, and E=1.24/λ, and E=1.24/λ. 1.24/λ, where the units of E and λ are eV (electron volt) and μm respectively, h is Planck's constant (6.6260755X10 J-S); c is the speed of light, and its approximation in the vacuum is equal to 3X10m/s. In engineering practice, different units of measurement of spectral parameter are used according to different needs and habits.
On x-ray, ultraviolet, visible and infrared light, commonly used μm, nm wavelength; on the radio spectrum, with Hz or m to indicate its frequency and wavelength, respectively; on the high-energy particle radiation, commonly used eV energy.
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