The steam lifted the lid and Watt was inspired. When he grew up, he invented the steam engine and became a famous inventor. It's actually just a legend. Watt invented the steam engine not because of his childhood inspiration, but because he absorbed the achievements of his predecessors and his personal efforts. 1736, Watt was born in greenock, a small town near Glasgow, where the British shipbuilding industry developed. His grandfather and uncle are mechanics, and his father is a shipbuilding worker. Because of his poor family, Watt hardly went to school, but under the influence of his family, he learned a lot of knowledge about mechanical manufacturing from an early age and cultivated his interest in manufacturing machinery. Watt entered Glasgow to study craft at the age of 18, and later went to London to study mechanical manufacturing. From 65438 to 0757, Watt went to Glasgow University as an experimenter, specializing in making and repairing teaching instruments. The university provides Watt with a good opportunity to study and practice. He studied tirelessly and mastered German and Italian. Whenever he gets a chance, he asks professors in universities and sometimes discusses science and technology with them.
1763, a steam engine sent to a university outside was repaired by Watt. Watt and several others studied it in detail.
This steam engine was invented and manufactured by a Scottish blacksmith named Newkman, and it was the most advanced steam engine at that time. Before Newkman, many people were interested in steam as the power of production. 1688, French physicist Denis Papan made the first simple steam engine with cylinder and piston. However, Papan's invention was not actually applied to industrial production. Ten years later, the British toy Seville invented the steam pump, which mainly
Used for mine pumping. 1705, after long-term research, Newkman synthesized the advantages invented by Papan and Seville and created the air steam engine. After careful study, Watt found that Newkman's steam engine has many defects, mainly because it consumes too much oil, is clumsy and has limited application scope. Watt is determined to build a better steam engine than it. A year later, Watt's own steam engine started to ignite. But after the water boiled, the steam engine stopped, water vapor came out from it, and the room was filled with fog. It turned out that the steam engine leaked steam, and Watt's first experiment failed.
"I will succeed!" Watt believes in his ability.
However, the university does not support him to be a steam engine. At that time, it took thousands of pounds to build a steam engine, while Watt's salary was only 35 pounds a year, so he had to ask his friends for help. A friend named Barker, who runs an iron works and a coal works, provided him with funds and gave him a lot of help. When the experiment was about to succeed, Buck suddenly went bankrupt and Watt was cornered again.
"Watt, I have good news for you." When Watt was at a loss in his laboratory, kind Buck ran around trying to find supporters for Watt.
"What good news? Tell me quickly. " Watt got excited and felt that things were promising again.
"There is a steel manufacturer named matthew boulton in Birmingham, and he promised to provide you with funds."
"What are his conditions?"
"He will provide all the expenses for the trial production of the steam engine and maintain your life until the business is profitable. You should compensate him with two-thirds of the patent right of the steam engine. "
"Ok, I agree!"
Watt soon arrived in Birmingham, where, after repeated practice, he finally manufactured a single-acting steam engine with an independent condenser at 1796. This kind of steam engine has obvious advantages over Newkman's steam engine, which can save 75% fuel. Watt is not satisfied with what he has achieved. 1782, he successfully built the steam engine. 1784, Watt improved it by adding a device to automatically adjust the speed of the steam engine, making it suitable for various mechanical movements. Since then, the textile industry, mining industry, metallurgical industry, paper industry, ceramic industry and other industrial sectors have adopted steam engines as power.
1807, American Fuer put Watt's steam engine on board. Since then, the sailing era of the shipping industry has ended.
18 14 years, the Englishman Steven put Watt's steam engine on the train, and a new era of land transportation began.
65438+ In 1930s and 1940s, steam engines were widely used in Europe and North America, so-called "age of steam".
Watt died in 18 19. In order to commemorate his great invention, later generations called the power calculation unit of generators and motors "Watt". The power of modern household lamps, electric heaters and electric irons are all called "Watt", which is the abbreviation of "Watt" and also to commemorate his outstanding contribution to mankind.