1, removal and cleaning of pollutants
For polluted areas, it is necessary to remove and clean up pollutants. This includes removing radioactive substances from surface soil, plants and buildings, and treating polluted water bodies. These tasks need to adopt professional equipment and technology, and ensure the safety of operators.
2, environmental monitoring and governance
In the process of eliminating nuclear pollution, it is necessary to continuously monitor the environment to evaluate the pollution degree and control effect. This includes the radioactive detection of air, water, soil and biological samples, as well as the monitoring of the surrounding environment in polluted areas.
3. Ecological environment restoration
The ecological environment affected by nuclear pollution needs to be repaired and rebuilt. This includes restoring vegetation, improving soil and protecting aquatic life. To restore the ecological function of the affected areas.
4. Nuclear waste management
Nuclear waste generated in the process of eliminating nuclear pollution needs to be safely treated and stored. The treatment and storage of nuclear waste need to follow strict international standards and regulations to prevent long-term harm to human beings and the environment.
Sources of nuclear pollution
The main sources of nuclear pollution are nuclear weapon test and use, nuclear power plant leakage, loss of industrial or medical nuclear materials, nuclear weapon explosion, thermal radiation injury, nuclear pollution injury and radioactive retention.
Pollution can be divided into two ways: one is to produce radioactive pollutants such as radioactive aerosol, which is harmful to respiratory system and human body surface; The other is the pollution caused by wind diffusion. But in either case, the degree of pollution depends on the severity of nuclear leakage. In the Chernobyl accident, smoke and dust formed by nuclear fuel explosion flew in the air, and the harm area was very extensive. Nuclear explosion will not cause obvious climate change, but it will leave radioactivity at the scene of the accident and within a certain distance.
After the nuclear power plant is damaged, the facilities will release a certain amount of radioactive materials, some of which are relatively harmless and others are much more dangerous. That is, the time required for half the atoms of radioactive material to decay.