Engineering is the mother of engineering, the foundation of the world's industrialization, information technology machine intelligence, and one of the best engineering majors in history.
It is an applied science based on mathematics and physics to study and solve a variety of theoretical and practical problems in mechanical design, mechanical manufacturing, electromechanical engineering and automation.
Mechanical engineering research has been expanded to include robotics, laser processing, integrated circuit manufacturing equipment, bio-manufacturing and other cutting-edge areas.
Mechanical engineering is a first-level discipline in the discipline catalog of the Ministry of Education.
Mechanical manufacturing, mechanical automation mechatronic engineering mechanical design and theory, vehicle engineering and many other secondary disciplines, power engineering, precision instrumentation, industrial engineering, aerospace and other specialized courses are set up related to mechanical engineering.
01 long time new
Traditional engineering and new engineering is not an antagonistic relationship, even in emerging industries, such as robotics engineering is not a specific professional counterparts, but is closely related to the traditional mechanical, mechatronics, automation and other specialties.
For most universities, new engineering education does not mean that new majors must be offered; a more realistic approach is new wine in old bottles.
Upgrading existing engineering majors, such as mechanical engineering combined with the development and needs of intelligent manufacturing, the implementation of new engineering education, candidates do not have to exclude traditional engineering majors when choosing a major.
In the first industrial revolution that began in the second half of the 18th century, the invention of textile machinery replaced manual labor.
The invention and application of industrial steam engines greatly contributed to the mechanization of human society.
At present, the machinery industry has become a basic industry, aerospace, shipbuilding, drilling, mining, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, transportation and most other industrial industries can not develop without the technical support of the machinery industry.
The machinery industry is needed to support the manufacture of infrastructure.
The machinery industry can be said to be the equipment department of the national economy.
Undergraduate catalog, the mechanical major categories include mechanical engineering, mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanical automation, material forming and control engineering, process equipment and control engineering and other first-level majors.
One of them, mechanical design and manufacturing and automation is one of the longest-running engineering majors in China's colleges and universities, mainly cultivating related talents with the ability of designing, developing and applying mechanical industrial equipment.
With the development of society, machinery from traditional to intelligent, requiring employees to be able to use the theory and method of advanced design and manufacturing technology, to solve complex technical problems in the field of modern engineering, to achieve intelligent design and manufacture of products.
Mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanical automation, this ancient profession is also undergoing profound changes, is to the mechanical structure design, processing and manufacturing based on the integration of automatic control technology, information technology, computer science and technology, cross-disciplinary development.
02 caliber wide, thick base, very practical.
"Made in China 2025" and the proposal of the new engineering disciplines, so that the universities and colleges in the mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanical automation professional training, most of the development of a large caliber, thick base, focusing on practice and innovation awareness requirements, the first three requirements are directly embodied in the classroom learning.
Broad caliber means based on the knowledge system of mechanical disciplines, electronic information automation technology and management technology and other related professional knowledge into the curriculum system, so that students can adapt to a wide range of work areas. Taking Tianjin University, a strong engineering school, as an example, the program specifies that students in this program need to study five series of courses, mechanics series, electrical, electronic and computer series, design series, manufacturing series and measurement series courses.
The deep roots of the program mean that emphasis is placed on basic courses in subjects such as mathematics and mechanics, with advanced mathematics, linear algebra, probability statistics, university physics, mechanics of materials, electrical engineering and theoretical mechanics being the basic subjects offered at most universities.
Focusing on practice means emphasizing students' basic skills training and engineering training. The basic skill of this major is mechanical drawing, and manual drawing first, then learning CAD and other drawing software, and completing some design in the course is the way for students of this major to learn.
Generally this major requires students to have some foundation in sketching, so that the machine must be mapped and broken down.
When conceptualizing new structures and products, you can use sketching to draw renderings, exploded views, etc. of product structures.
03 Fortune 500 exclusive.
Mechanical counterparts cover the whole of the manufacturing industry such as automobiles, electronics, communications, heavy equipment, precision equipment, and medical equipment.
Both cost engineers, design engineers, test engineers and other technical titles, as well as quality management, production management, project management, supply chain management, industrial engineering management, and other titles, especially design, research and development and other core titles are the most popular.
Popular specialties and representative companies
Construction machinery
XCMG, Sany Heavy Industry, Zoomlion, Shantui, Shanghai Electric and so on.
Aircraft Manufacturing
Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC), China National Aviation Development Corporation (CNAC), and so on.
Rail transportation
The Iron Academy of Sciences, Beijing Railway Transportation Technology and Equipment Group, China CNR, Zhuzhou Institute, etc.
Rail transportation
Ruiyin Optoelectronics Technology.
Gore Audio, Lixin Precision, etc.
Automobile
Shanghai Automobile, FAW, Mercedes-Benz, Geely Future Automobile, United Automotive Electronics, Huizhong Automobile, Pan-Asian Automobile, whole vehicles and auto parts companies.
Home Appliances
Midea Group, Gree Intelligence, Hisense Group, Haier Group, Skyworth Group, etc.
Medical devices
Miley Medical.
Opening of biomedical, minimally invasive medical devices, Siemens, Philips, General and so on.
Robotics
Haikangweiwei, DJI innovation, Xinsong robotics, Huichuan technology, abb, Fanuc, etc.
New energy
Ningde Times, Ningde New Energy BYD, Vision Energy, etc.
Energy power
State Grid, Schlumberger, Siemens, Emerson.
Shanghai Electric, China General Nuclear Corporation.
Changyuan Shenrui, Huichuan Technology.
Dongfang Electric, Goldwind, Shenma Power, etc.
Integrated Circuit Displays
Intel, Huawei, BOE, TCL.
Jingwei Hengrun, Visuno, Zuoyu Technology, etc.
Telecommunications electronic equipment
Huawei, ZTE, Xinhua San, P&T, Dahua Technology, Xiaomi, OPPO, vivo
Military and munitions industry group
CNGC, China Aerospace, Aerospace Science and Industry, AVIC, CSIC, CSIC, China National Weapons Corporation (CNWC), Bingzhang Group, China Electric Technology Corporation (CETC), etc.
Scientific research institutes
Shanghai Aerospace Eight Academy.Materials Institute of China Academy of Engineering Physics.
CSIC 719 Division.
CEC 14th Institute.
CNAIC, Nanjing Mechanical and Electrical Hydraulic Engineering Institute, etc.
......
But the specialization is not spacious and elaborate enough, and the traditional mechanical parts and transmission is a part of it that is rarely occupied, and it is suspected that the specialization is impotent upon graduation.
On the position, it is a physics major, on materials is materials science, on programming is a computer science major, on signal engineering is automation and measurement and control, on telecommunications, can not talk about circuit design, and anyway, still know only a little.
The career options available are very broad indeed, and most students can find their own direction of interest.
In terms of employment, both undergraduate graduates and master's degree students, in fact, most of them start from the front line of work, in the front line positions slowly exercise, the development direction is also very broad, non-technical sales, consulting and so on.
The technology base has small microsystems, silicon crystal manufacturing, and large aerospace technology and equipment.
Emerging 3D printing additive manufacturing from the traditional process of cast segment grinding.
From physical manufacturing experiments to virtual numerical operations, simulation and simulation, encompassing many types of machines, but all require specialization and further learning.
If you like the slow, dexterous pace of work, or are undecided for the moment about a specific minor direction for the future and want to learn about a different field that leaves more options for change, this major may be a good fit for you.
04Who is suitable for studying mechanical majors?
First, a solid foundation in math and physics.
Mechanical majors have a lot of math and physics classes.
And it is a compulsory course, for mechanical students, solid mathematical and physical knowledge, both for future scientific research, or to enter the manufacturing industry engineering is very important, such as can not fully grasp the four major strength theories of the mechanics of materials, it is difficult to learn the subsequent mechanical design related courses.
In addition, in order to master the knowledge of materials, mechanical majors require students to have a certain chemical foundation.
Materials are the basis of the mechanical industry, mechanical students should be in the conventional metal, plastic and other basic parameters to clarify the yield stress milling volume, steel volume, Shore hardness and other knowledge.
For students with a weak foundation in science, if they choose to specialize in mechanics, they should be prepared to work harder on their courses. Otherwise, learning will become painful in the face of difficult courses, so caution is advised in applying for the program.
The second is to have a computer foundation.
For mechanical students, if they want to work in a more technical job after graduation, they must take computer science courses during college.
Learn more about drafting software, at least when people say a product, you should be able to write a 3-D design drawing and design virtual products, which requires spatial imagination, drafting skills, and computer software application skills.
You must also have a good command of a number of programming languages including Matlab, Python, c and java.
These are key for mechanical graduates to remain well competitive in a highly competitive environment.
Computer courses for mechanical majors take care of zero-base students more than majors such as computer and electronic information. You may not have acquired much knowledge of computer-related programming software in high school. Therefore, you don't need to force a computer foundation, but at least you don't hate the computer field and are interested in the basics in order to dig deeper.
Third, foreign language ability.
English is an important ability for most.
Mechanical majors are no exception, the value of outstanding English skills during college may rarely be reflected, but in the future employment in the mechanical industry or in academia to learn from scientific research, a good foundation in English will have more opportunities.
During the university period, mechanical students should specialize in mechanical English, learn to read the English version of the mechanical workbook instructions, and master the English terminology of many mechanical fields. Of course, understanding monographs and manuals is a foundational requirement, and having the ability to speak, read and write fluently in a foreign language is undoubtedly highly competitive.
Mechanical industry is still a foreign background of enterprises dominated by the industry's generous treatment, the industry's prospects for good enterprises are mostly foreign-funded enterprises, from the perspective of personal career development, foreign language proficiency can get more job opportunities and development space.
Fourth, drawing ability.
Mechanical professions are very delicate professions that often involve design, so they need to spend a lot of time studying engineering drawing courses. In this course, ruler drawing and CAD drawing must have basic skills and be mastered quickly.
Also, engineering drawing is a very difficult subject to learn on your own. This is because it is very difficult to judge whether the drawings you have made are correct or not without guidance. Therefore, it is necessary to cooperate with the teacher's progress. Without some degree of drawing foundation, it may be difficult to match the progress. Then, there is the mechanical design that is studied afterward.
Hydraulic system may not be able to read the drawing.
But the accuracy of the drawing is far more important than the aesthetics, and the mechanical industry almost always draws with computer software such as CAD, Pro/e, Solidworks, UG, GATIA, etc., so the foundation of the drawing is not as important as the ability of the computer
Fifthly, to gain the ability to operate and put it into practice.
In addition to the necessary practical training links such as precision work internship mechanical drawing practice production period, according to the direction of study, it also involves mechanical systems, computer simulation manufacturing, engineering practice, materials processing, experimental materials, molding process experiments, control engineering experiments, electromechanical engineering experiments, electromechanical systems practice.
Practical courses such as manufacturing equipment design practice.
Mechanical majors will have a lot of places where you should work with your hands. During the third and fourth years of college, the school sends students to factories for production internships. In order to make a deep career in the mechanical industry in the future, you must be good at assembling and modifying devices while accumulating solid expertise.
05What are the prospects after graduation?
The employment rate within the first specialty is high.
Most mechanical graduates want to enter the profession, the majority of mechanical graduates eventually enter the job market, graduates favored industries focused on medical equipment, telecommunications hardware, netmail, heavy equipment, precision equipment, semiconductors, automation equipment and standardized parts and components, etc., especially with the background of foreign investment
Which have a better development prospects are research and development, mechanical design and other positions, they are the core positions in the mechanical positions.
Secondly, the employment rate is high and the employment is wide.
When it comes to the employment of mechanical majors, many people immediately think of the factory's roaring machines and busy operation of the workers.
The average mechanical undergraduate graduate usually has about a year's internship at the production site at the beginning of his or her working life.
The main purpose is to familiarize themselves with the production, manufacturing, design, equipment, personnel, configuration and other aspects of the actual situation of the plant and company.
But after the internship period, they are not arranged to work in the field of first-line operation, but mainly in the R & D department to engage in mechanical design and research and development work. Of course, there are times when you go down to the site because of work requirements.
Because several industries are inseparable from the machine, the employment of this profession has the characteristics of interdisciplinary and multi-industry, graduates are not only easy to find jobs in the manufacturing industry, the railroad industry and many other mining enterprises, but also in the use of high-speed railways, logistics, pharmaceuticals, food, rubber and other equipment production lines of the industry, mechanical professionals equipped with the production equipment
Machinery industry is practical and attaches importance to experience technology.
Experience and technology accumulated to a certain stage, when you can do highly technical work, all aspects of treatment will be better. It is recommended that students in this program learn the basics during their school years and develop their strengths according to their personal characteristics on the premise of solid basic skills.
06 Are you continuing your research?
Most of the mechanical students will choose to go to graduate school rather than direct employment. The main reasons for this are as follows.
First, to accumulate more knowledge, skills and experience.
Page in the R & D mechanical design positions are very technical, mechanical undergraduates are mostly involved in the professional skin, it is difficult to more subdivided into the direction of the accumulation of sufficient experience and knowledge, know that there is a certain disconnect with the needs of the job market.
Therefore, students will tend to learn deeper knowledge and skills at the graduate level.
Secondly, the market supply and demand and the employment of the academic threshold makes the number of mechanical graduates is higher, the popular industry and enterprises of mechanical graduates of the academic requirements have also risen.
Having a postgraduate degree can, to a certain extent, improve the competitiveness of fresh graduates, and have the opportunity to enter the desired enterprises and industries, and obtain more space for career development.
Thirdly, the proportion of reading is large and the proportion of reading is small.
The low advancement rate of graduate students in engineering is the biggest feature compared with science, which can enter the job market directly after graduation, but graduate students in science are the beginning of the academic path, and they need to complete a doctoral program in order to have a deeper understanding of the professional direction they choose.
Self-examination / adult examination have questions, do not know the content of the self-test / adult examination test points, not clear about the local self-test / adult examination policy, click on the bottom of the official website to consult the teacher, free of charge to receive review materials:/xl/