Waste incineration power generation has become an obsolete technology in Europe. Waste classification and recycling combined with landfill power generation is a more environmentally friendly way
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Fill Overview of the landfill gas power plant
When the waste is landfilled, the anaerobic fermentation process produces biogas, the main components of which are methane and carbon dioxide. Each ton of landfilled waste can produce 145 cubic meters of biogas, and after centralized collection, it can generate electricity of 200 Multiple kilowatt hours. Utilizing methane generated from landfills can recycle energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Project construction period: 6-8 months.
Using an internal combustion engine generator set, the entire system includes biogas pumping, filtration equipment, dehydration equipment, unit gas pipelines and ancillary equipment, internal combustion engine generator sets, control systems, etc.
It can operate stably for 5,000 to 8,000 hours per year.
Standing staff: 3-5 people.
Land required: 2000 - 3000 square meters (about 4 to 5 acres).
As long as the amount of urban solid waste is no less than 250,000-300,000 tons per year, it can also be landfilled and generate electricity at the same time.
2.
Landfill gas power plant policy
Landfill gas power plant is a renewable energy source. Article 13 of the Renewable Energy Law stipulates: 'The state encourages and supports the integration of renewable energy into the grid for power generation. '
According to Article 4 of the "Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Environmental Impact Assessment of Biomass Power Generation Projects" No. 82 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, National Development and Reform Commission, and National Energy Administration:
Domestic waste landfill gas power generation only prepares an "Environmental Impact Report", while waste incineration power generation requires an "Environmental Impact Report." It can be seen that the environmental impact of landfill gas power plants is far lower than that of incineration power plants.
Within 5 years, China will build 30 landfills for waste gas recovery, and plans to establish 300 landfills for waste gas recovery by 2015, processing 100 million tons of waste annually.
3.
Environmental issues of landfill gas power plants
Environmental protection index:
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Can reduce Landfill odor and methane greenhouse gas emissions;
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The generator set adopts a container-type structure, with internal sound insulation and noise reduction treatment, and is also equipped with an exhaust muffler, and the noise index reaches National standard requirements.
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The power station uses a closed cooling system, with a daily water demand of less than 1 cubic meter (including domestic water) and no sewage discharge.
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No other hazardous waste will be produced, no waste residue, ash flying solidified matter, etc.
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Does not produce dioxins.
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The emission indicators of landfill gas power plants fully comply with EU requirements and Chinese standards, and the secondary pollution to the environment is close to zero.
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There will be no public protests, which is conducive to social stability.
4.
Benefits of landfill gas power generation
According to analysis and surveys by relevant departments, China has huge potential to develop and utilize waste resources. Municipal domestic waste comes from thousands of households. If a family of three generates one ton of domestic waste every year, the amount of landfill gas that can be produced after one ton of garbage is fermented is about 300 cubic meters. Each cubic meter of combustible gas can Producing one and a half kilowatt hours of electricity, that is, each ton of domestic waste can actually provide us with more than 400 kilowatt hours of electricity. This amount is basically equivalent to the electricity consumption of a family of three for half a year.
The investment in landfill gas power generation is small, only 1/10 of that of incineration equipment.
The operating cost of landfill gas power generation is low, only 1/4 of the cost of incineration.
Compared with waste incineration for power generation, there will be no waste disposal costs and no increase in the burden on the public.
The service life is 16 to 22 years. After the landfill gas production life is over, the power generation equipment can be dismantled and moved to another place for use, without the problem of permanent land occupation.
It occupies a small area, generally only about 5 acres, which is much less than the 120 acres of waste incineration power plants. It is a temporary occupation.
The construction of landfill gas power plants is a concrete manifestation of China's effective implementation of the "Kyoto Protocol". It can increase the city's visibility and improve its taste.
Today, industrially developed countries such as the United States, Japan, France, Britain, Germany, and Italy have put landfill gas power generation on the government agenda, invested a lot of money, and used modern high-tech means to develop large-scale New technology for urban waste power generation and its commercialization.
The electricity price of biogas power generation can enjoy national preferential policies.
Excluding fuel costs, the operating cost of biogas power generation is about 0.10 yuan/kWh. Taking a 2000-kilowatt biogas power station as an example, the annual operating cost of the unit is about 1.6 million yuan, and the annual income can reach 8.64 million yuan. The overall investment in the project is about 40 million, and the investment can be recovered in more than four years.
In addition, biogas power generation can apply for CDM projects and receive considerable emission reduction fees. It has very good economic benefits.
Landfill gas power generation is also an environmental protection project supported by the United Nations and the country. It does not require financial subsidies from local governments, which to a certain extent also relieves the financial pressure of local governments. If the BOT project method is adopted, the government will not invest a penny.
5.
Examples of landfill gas power plants at home and abroad
There are now more than 800 landfill gas power plants in operation around the world. A new energy source with broad prospects for development. In developed countries, the government invests in the construction of standardized landfills and lays gas collection devices. The gas use rights are then publicly auctioned to the public, and developers obtain the gas use rights through bidding. Generally, the investment in gas collection and utilization equipment can be recovered within 5 to 10 years. On the one hand, this approach standardizes the construction of landfills, and on the other hand, it also reduces the investment risks of developers and increases their enthusiasm.
On June 24, 2009, after the biogas power plant at Chongqing Changshengqiao landfill was officially put into operation, it can generate about 14 million kilowatt-hours of electricity every year. It can reduce methane emissions into the atmosphere by 5 million cubic meters per year, which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 60,000 tons.
Chengdu’s first biogas power generation project will use Chang’an landfill gas resources to generate electricity and connect it to the grid, and apply for a CDM project to the United Nations in accordance with the “Kyoto Protocol” and “Clean Development Mechanism Project Operation and Management Measures”.
On July 23, 2008, the landfill gas power generation project of Shanghai Laogang Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., with a total investment of nearly 200 million yuan and currently the largest landfill gas power generation project in Asia, was officially launched in Shanghai. put into operation. After the project is fully completed, the average annual carbon dioxide emission reduction that can be applied for international trading is about 600,000 tons. Calculated based on the current market price of 12 euros per ton, this alone can increase revenue by 7.2 million euros per year, which is equivalent to about RMB 100,000. 72 million yuan.
Hainan Yan Chunling Landfill Gas Power Plant. The waste treatment site generates about 26,000 cubic meters of landfill gas per day and currently generates more than 44,000 kilowatt hours of electricity per day. The project has recently installed two 1,000kw generator sets, and plans to add one more in three years, and then gradually reduce the number to one according to the decline in gas volume. After being connected to the grid, you can also receive a national subsidy of 0.25 yuan per kilowatt hour of electricity. It is expected to operate for 12 years, with a total power generation of approximately 265 million kWh, an average annual power generation of more than 22 million kWh, and a daily power generation that can meet the electricity needs of more than 8,800 households.
On June 1, 2008, Mianyang City’s waste-to-energy plant was completed to generate electricity. The installed capacity of the power station is: 2,000 kilowatts, with an annual power generation of approximately 11 million kilowatt hours, which can provide electricity for 20,000 households. The annual benefit of the power plant is more than 4.7 million yuan. From June 2008 last year to March this year, more than 8.7 million cubic meters of waste gas were burned cleanly in nine months, which is equivalent to reducing the emission of 25,236 tons of carbon dioxide.
According to relevant agreements, these emission reduction targets of more than 25,000 tons will be funded by carbon dioxide emission companies in developed countries in the form of purchases. This is Sichuan's first carbon dioxide emission reduction project funded by the United Nations Clean Development Agency.
So waste incineration power plants are good