A, multiple-choice questions (this question has 20 questions, each question 4 points,***80 points. Please select the questions in a correct option in line with the meaning of the question, do not choose, multiple choice, wrong choice, are not given points)
1. According to the learned scientific knowledge to determine the following advertising phrases, the narrative is correct
A. This drink does not contain any chemicals
B. Without water there is no life
C. This factory produces ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) The mass fraction of nitrogen in the product is more than 50%, with high nitrogen content and low price, it is a good helper for farmers to increase their income and get rich
D. "××" brand vegetables, naturally grown, do not contain any chemical elements, is the real green food
2. There are many kinds of organisms on the earth, and they constitute the structure of living organisms (except viruses). Except viruses) structure of the basic units are
A. organizations B. organs C. cells D. systems
3. As shown in the figure, the grapefruit tree has a, B, C three equal mass of grapefruit, they were in different locations, which one of the grapefruit has the greatest gravitational potential energy
A. A B. B
C. C D. the same
4.4. The following four commonly used spices into the water, can not form a solution of
A. Acetic acid B. Sucrose C. Salt D. Fragrant oil
5. The movie "Daddy's Love" in the young master has leukemia, in the absence of a match transplant bone marrow, only by blood transfusions to maintain life, if the master's blood type is A, what kind of blood should be transfused
5. The film "Daddy's Love" in the small master got leukemia, in the absence of matching transplant bone marrow, only by transfusion to maintain life, if the master's blood type is A, should transfuse what type of blood? For the principle
A. Type A B. Type B C. Type O D. Type AB
6. car to 80 km / h speed in the horizontal highway, encountered an emergency brake, the highway left two tire scuff marks. The following statements are correct
A．The longer the scuff marks are, the smaller the inertia of the car is
B．The longer the scuff marks are, the smaller the speed of the car is
C．The scuff marks are due to the increased friction between the wheels and the ground after braking
D．The braking process consists of the conservation of mechanical energy
7．Water is a renewable resource, and in the water cycle, it is in constant atmosphere and the earth's surface, as shown in the figure represents a part of the water cycle, and the places labeled X, Y and Z in the figure represent the three stages in the water cycle. The following statements are correct
A. X stage is evaporation, Y stage is condensation, Z stage is precipitation
B. X stage is evaporation, Y stage is condensation, Z stage is precipitation
C. X stage is condensation, Y stage is evaporation, Z stage is solidification
D. X stage is precipitation, Y stage is evaporation, Z stage is condensation
8. contained in the mouth of the ice will gradually melt into water, the process is:
A. liquefaction B. vaporization C. melting D. solidification
9. our country has promulgated the "classification of municipal garbage signs", part of the signs shown in the figure. Existing waste fluorescent tubes, batteries should be put into the garbage collection bins affixed with which signs
10. As the saying goes, "you reap what you sow, you reap what you sow", someone's eyes like father, nose like mother said that this is the truth. Then control biological traits of the genetic material is
A. chromosomes B. genes C. DNA D. proteins
11. due to a lack of scientific knowledge and cause injuries and fatalities occur from time to time, the following practices are correct
A. metal casing of household electrical appliances, the shell of the ground wire can be connected to the power supply on the zero line
B. do not touch low voltage, not close to the high voltage charged body, not close to the high voltage charged body, not close to the low voltage charged body, not close to the high voltage charged body, not close to the high voltage charged body, not close to the high voltage charged body.
B. Do not touch low voltage charged bodies, not close to high voltage charged bodies
C. Dilute concentrated sulfuric acid, pour water directly into the concentrated sulfuric acid
D. Electrical equipment fire, the first water to extinguish the fire, and then cut off the power supply
12. biological reproduction is divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, the production of the following individuals is formed through sexual reproduction
A. cloned sheep B. tissue culture of wheat seedlings
B. B. Tissue-cultured wheat seedlings
C. Grafted oranges D. In vitro fertilization
13. There are many types of levers, the following are labor-saving levers
A. Bottle opener B. Fishing rod C. Human forearm D. Fixed pulley
14. There are many seeds in pumpkins because there are many
A. pollen B. ovules C. ovary
14. B. ovule C. ovary D. pistil
15. with sodium ferrate (Na2FeO4) from the river, lake fresh water disinfection is a new technology for urban drinking water treatment, in Na2FeO4 in the oxygen element of the valence of -2, sodium element of the valence of the valence for the price of +1, the valence of the element of iron
A. +2 B. +3 C. +5 D. +6
16.16. The following examples are not applications of atmospheric pressure
A. Sucking a drink through a straw B. Pumping water through a water pump
C. Sucking up a chemical reagent with a rubber-tipped burette D. Injecting medicine into the body with a syringe needle
17. There is a lot of "equality" in scientific knowledge. The following statements are incorrect
A. 100 volumes of water and 100 volumes of alcohol are mixed, and the volume of the resulting solution is equal to 200 volumes
B. The current in a series circuit is equal everywhere
C. The mass of the solution obtained by mixing dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is equal to the total mass of the solution before the reaction
D. In a chemical reaction, the reactants are equal to the total mass of the solution before the reaction. In the chemical reaction, the reactants of the atomic species and the total number is equal to the product of the atomic species and the total number
18. The human body has a constant body temperature, mainly the body's heat production and dissipation of heat can maintain a dynamic equilibrium of the results of the following is the A, B two students in a situation of heat production statistics, according to the charts and judgments of the situation in which they are
A. A in the state of quiet, B is the state of motion B. A, B are in the state of quiet, B is the state of motion B. A, B are in the state of quiet, B is the state of motion A, B are in a quiet state
C. A is in a state of motion, B is a quiet state D. A, B are in a state of motion
19. The Earth is a member of the solar system, the solar activity of varying degrees of influence on the Earth's climate, hydrology, geology, and even human life, the following can be used as a sign of the strength of the solar activity
A. Corona B. Sunspots C Helios D. Sunspot C. Sunspot D. Sunspot D. Sunspot D. Sunspot D. Sunspots Sunspot C sunspot D. solar wind
20. general family bathroom should be installed lighting and ventilation fan. When they are used, sometimes each is required to work independently and sometimes they are required to work at the same time. Evaluation of the circuit shown in the figure below, you think meet the above requirements
Two, short answer questions (this question has 10 questions, 20 spaces, 3 points per space, ***60 points)
21. The human digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and the digestive glands, the food in the seven types of nutrients, which must be digested and absorbed through the digestive system to enter the bloodstream, through the blood circulation to the nutrients into the tissues of the body.
(1)The main place of food digestion and absorption is ▲ .
(2)Blood flows through the heart twice during a complete blood circulation, which can be divided into body circulation and ▲ .
22. People often use models to show that molecules are made up of atoms. If "●" is used to represent an oxygen atom and "○" is used to represent a hydrogen atom, then " " represents a ▲ molecule.
23. The Sun and the Moon are the Earth's most important immediate neighbors in the universe, and the Moon's motion around the Earth causes the relative positions of the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon to change regularly over the course of a month, resulting in changes in the phases of the Moon.
(1) The moon phase at the Mid-Autumn Festival is ▲ .
A. New Moon B. Full Moon C. Upper Sagittarius Moon D. Lower Sagittarius Moon
(2)The Moon is the first stop for mankind's exploration of the universe, and our country is developing the technology of landing on the Moon. Scientists have discovered that there is no air or water or life on the moon, and its surface is covered with large and small ▲ .
24. As shown in the figure, a wide-mouth bottle containing the right amount of clarified lime water, put a green plant inside, and corked tightly, placed in the dark for a long time, found that the clarified lime water becomes turbid. This is because the ▲ gas inside the bottle reacts with Ca(OH)2, which is mainly released by the ▲ action of the plant.
25. As shown in the figure is a study group students in exploratory learning in a few small experiments, please answer:
(1) in the volt-ampere method of measuring resistance experiment, the number of current expression as shown in Figure A, then the current size is ▲ A.
(2) Figure B shows that a section of the bottom of the closed thin metal tube is fixed to the tabletop, some ether is put inside, and plugged tightly with a stopper. By wrapping a string around the outside of the tube and pulling the string rapidly back and forth, we will see the rubber stopper jump upward. When the rubber stopper jumps upwards, it is ▲ energy that is converted into mechanical energy.
(3) As shown in Figure C, hold two strips of paper in each hand at one end so that they hang down in front of your chest. When air is blown down along the middle of the two sheets, the two strips of paper are seen to come closer to the center. A reasonable explanation for this phenomenon is: ▲ (choose "A" or "B").
A. The greater the gas flow rate, the greater the gas pressure B. The gas pressure in the middle of the two strips of paper is less than the gas pressure on the outside of the paper
26. Quzhou Daily reported: March lo 2006, Zhejiang Juhua Co. (hereinafter referred to as "Juhua Co.") welcomed JMD multinational company, which helped Juhua Co. to carry out environmental protection technological reforms for free and bought all the rights to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This project is the world's largest CO2 emission right transaction to date. In order to protect the earth on which mankind depends for its survival, according to the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol, various measures and new technologies have been adopted around the world to limit CO2 emissions in order to control the increasingly serious greenhouse effect. Please answer the following questions:
(1) scientists to industrial emissions of carbon dioxide gas using "component conversion" technology, CO2 and H2 to a certain proportion of the mixture, under certain conditions, the reaction to generate an important chemical raw materials and water, the reaction of the chemical equation for the 2CO2 + 6H2 → X + 4H2O. Write the chemical formula of X ▲ .
(2) In order to slow down the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere, the following suggestions are currently feasible ▲ (fill in the serial number).
①Plant a large number of trees and prohibit indiscriminate logging
②Promote the use of compressed natural gas [the main component is methane (CH4)] as a fuel for public transportation, the use of natural gas as a fuel can fundamentally avoid the occurrence of the greenhouse effect
3More use of nuclear energy, solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy, etc.
4Ban on the use of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, etc.
27. As shown in the figure, the circuit diagram of an experiment to study the strength of the magnetic field around an energized solenoid.
(1) to change the size of the current in the coil of the energized solenoid, can be achieved by ▲;
(2) to determine the strength of the magnetic field around the energized solenoid, can be determined by observing ▲.
28. The development of eco-agriculture is one of the important elements of the construction of a new socialist countryside. A young farmer in the village cadres with the help of a small agro-ecosystem in their own garden: ground raising mushrooms, air frame box raising earthworms, the top of the shelf planting grapes, while raising chickens with earthworms, chicken manure to feed pigs, pig manure pool biogas digester, methane gas as fuel, digestate as fertilizer, maximize the realization of the material resources.
(1)In this ecosystem, mushrooms and earthworms belong to ▲ (fill in "producer", "decomposer" or "consumer")
(2)In the In the process of ecosystem energy flow, the solar energy is fixed in the biome through the ▲ function.
29. A student to help the laboratory teacher to do health, in the cleaning of a, b two equal volume of the ball, found that they are at rest in the water in the state shown in the figure, then the ball by the buoyancy ▲ ball by the buoyancy (fill in the "greater than", "equal to" or "less than"). " or "less than").
30. The use of scientific principles can be some interesting little magic.
(1) White flowers become red flowers. On a white paper flower, first sprayed with colorless solution A, then sprayed with colorless solution B, the white flower immediately turned into a red flower. If solution A is colorless phenolphthalein, then B is ▲ (fill in the serial number: ① dilute hydrochloric acid ② sodium hydroxide solution ③ brine).
(2) "water" into "milk". In the colorless liquid C, poured into the five-color liquid B, standing, that is, produce "milk" like white precipitate. If C is dilute sulfuric acid, B is ▲ (fill in the number: ① sodium hydroxide solution ② barium chloride solution ③ sodium chloride solution), which occurs in the basic type of chemical reaction is ▲.
Three, experimental investigation questions (this question has three subtopics, the 31st subtopic 9 points, the 32nd subtopic 9 points, the 33rd subtopic 10 points, *** 28 points)
31. a county in the implementation of the modernization of agricultural demonstration zones in the construction of the realization of the factory nursery, the key to improve the factory nursery sprouting rate is to determine the optimal conditions required for nursery. In order to be able to find out the optimal temperature for the germination of a good variety of rice, a group through the access to the general seed germination of the highest temperature (40 ℃) and the lowest temperature (10 ℃), and then between them to choose the 7 temperature points for the experiment, take the same experimental set of 7 (as shown in Figure A), respectively, placed in the corresponding temperature environment (other conditions are the same), at different temperatures after growing for 7 days, the seed
Temperature (℃) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Germination rate 10% 20% 60% 85% 85% 80% 45% 30%
(1) According to the experimental data, the optimum temperature for the rice seed is ▲.
(2) In addition to temperature, please write another external factor that affects seed germination based on what you have learned ▲
(3) Do you think that the nutrients needed in the germination process of a rice seed are supplied by ▲ (fill in the endosperm or the cotyledon)? endosperm" or "cotyledon").
32. Xiaoke students in the observation of the ball swing kinetic energy and potential energy conversion experiment (shown in the figure), found that the ball every swing a round trip time seems to be equal. So Xiaoke thought of such a question: the time used by the ball to swing back and forth once (called the period T) and what factors are related to?
Conjecture ①: may be related to the amplitude of the ball swing;
Conjecture ②: may be related to the mass of the ball;
Conjecture ③: may be related to the length of the rope.
In order to verify his own conjecture, Xiao Ke used a stopwatch to measure the time used to swing the ball back and forth many times under different conditions, and calculated the average time used to swing once. Answer:
(1)Ko used to measure the ball swing back and forth a number of times to take the average of the method, rather than measuring the time used by the ball to swing back and forth once to determine the period T, the purpose is to ▲ .
(2)In order to verify whether the conjecture ② is correct, Xiao Ke students have prepared: stopwatch, scale, but also lack of a common laboratory measuring instruments, its name is ▲ .
(3) A large number of experiments show that the same place the ball swinging once the time T only with the length of the rope, and the longer the rope, the greater the period T. The pendulum clock is made according to this principle. Pendulum clocks are made according to this principle. Once Ko found that the pendulum clock at home slowed down, to adjust it, Ko should be the pendulum clock pendulum length ▲ (fill in "longer" or "shorter").
33. A school science interest group in the study of "with a spark of wood re-ignition and the relationship between the volume fraction of oxygen," the following experimental steps:
①Take five 250mL cylinders, to the five cylinders were filled with 25mL, 50mL, 75mL. 100mL, 125mL, 125mL, 100mL, 125mL of water, and covered with a piece of hairy glass, numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
② decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) method of oxygen production, with the production of oxygen through the drainage method of water drainage in the above 1 to 5 bottles;
③ will be inserted into the sparking wooden bar in order of 1 to 5 bottles, the phenomenon of the observed and calculated data. Fill in the table below.
Collector cylinder No. 1 2 3 4 5
Volume fraction of oxygen in the collector cylinder 28.9% 36.8% 44.7% 52.6% 60.5%
Status of the wooden bar with sparks Bright Bright Very bright Reignition Reignition
Try to answer the following questions:
(1) The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used in the laboratory to produce oxygen, and the chemical reaction of the reaction is the same as the decomposition of H2O2. Oxygen is produced and the chemical equation of the reaction is ▲ .
(2) According to the above experimental facts, the following statements are correct ▲ (fill in the corresponding letters).
A. Only in the pure oxygen can make the sparking wood rekindle
B. When the volume fraction of oxygen in the cylinder is ≥ 52.6%, the sparking wood can rekindle
C. As long as there is oxygen present can make the sparking wood rekindle.
(3) The above experiment shows that the degree of combustion of a substance is related to the concentration of oxygen, the greater the concentration of oxygen, the more intense the combustion. Please give another example, the content of the experiment and experimental phenomena in the following table:
Experimental content Experimental phenomena Experimental conclusions
▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ The greater the concentration of oxygen, the more intense the combustion
Four, analysis and calculation questions (this question has five sub-topics, the 34th sub-topic of 3 points, sub-topic 35 of 7 points, sub-topic 36 of 8 points, sub-topic 37 of 8 points, sub-topic 38 of 6 points,**** 32 points)
34. May 15, 2006, the State Food and Drug Administration, informed the injection by the second pharmaceutical company in Qiqihar production of "leucomycin injection" caused a number of patients died of serious consequences, the main reason is that the raw material inspection link out of control, with the "diethylene glycol". The main reason was that the raw material inspection process was out of control, and "diethylene glycol" was used to replace "propylene glycol" in the production. The chemical formula of diethylene glycol is C4H10O3, with strong toxicity, it can be oxidized into oxalic acid in the body and cause kidney damage; "propylene glycol" can be used as a solvent for medicines, and can also be used in the synthesis of many kinds of medicines and new types of antioxidants. The chemical formula of "propylene glycol" is C3H8O2. Please answer the following questions according to the above information:
(1)The elements of "propylene glycol" and "diethylene glycol" are ▲. There are ▲ kinds.
(2) What is the mass ratio of carbon to oxygen in 'propylene glycol'?
35. Learning the measurement, speed, work, pressure and other knowledge, Ming measured his own mass of 50 kg, a shoe and the ground contact area of 0.02 m 2, but also measured the relative height of the hill near the school of 50 meters, the foot of the hill to the top of the distance of 100 meters, Ming from the foot of the hill to the top of the mountain in 200 seconds. According to the above data to answer the following questions: (g take 10 N / kg)
(1) Ming from two-footed to single-footed standing, the pressure on the horizontal ground ▲ (fill in the "decrease", "unchanged" or "increase")
(2) What is the average speed of Ming during the climb?
(3) How much work did Ming do to overcome his own gravity from the foot of the mountain to the top?
36. After studying the chemical properties of metals, Wang wanted to make a rough determination of the mass fraction of zinc and copper contained in zinc and copper alloys in the school laboratory. Under the guidance of the science teacher, designed the experimental setup shown in the figure, the choice of three reagents: A. distilled water B. zinc, copper alloy C. dilute sulfuric acid. Wang designed the basic idea of the experiment is: the use of alloy and acid reaction gas, through the above experimental device to the water discharged into the cylinder, read out the volume of water in the cylinder (without regard to the impact of other factors, the volume of gas produced by the reaction that is the volume of water in the cylinder), can be calculated in zinc, copper alloy of zinc, copper mass fraction.
Try to answer the following questions:
(1) According to the experimental design ideas, the experiment in a wide-mouth bottle with a certain amount of distilled water, the bottom of the test tube with a small hole should be added ▲ (fill in the corresponding letter of the reagent label).
(2) Xiao Wang students in the course of the experiment selected 3g zinc, copper alloy with a sufficient amount of dilute sulfuric acid, the reaction is complete, the volume of liquid received in the cylinder is 0.1L, the zinc, copper alloy of zinc in the mass fraction of how much? (The density of hydrogen is 0.089g / L)
(3) If you want to determine the mass fraction of zinc monomers in zinc grains partially oxidized to zinc oxide, can you use the above experimental method ▲ (fill in the "can" or "can not"), please explain the reasons ▲ .
37. Xiaogang has an electric dryer at home, which works as shown in the figure. The nameplate has become blurred, only know the rated voltage of 220 V. Xiaogang in order to know the electric power rating of the electric dryer, the other appliances off, only let the electric dryer in the rated voltage work (drying objects). Figure A is the electric energy meter before the electric dryer work, Figure B is the electric dryer work 6 hours after the electric energy meter (electric dryer work all the electrical energy into internal energy).
(1) The electric energy consumed by the electric dryer in 6 hours is ▲ kWh.
(2) What is the rated electrical power of the electric dryer?
(3) What is the resistance of the heat generator of the electric dryer?
38. material a: the new zhejiang network on May 8, 2006: the morning of May 6, 2006 cai mou cai mou of sichuan nationality in quzhou city people's hospital infectious disease area died, clinically diagnosed as rabies. Cai had been working odd jobs at a construction site in Huilong Village, Baiyun Street, Kecheng District, Quzhou, and was bitten by a dog more than a month ago. In response to the incidence of rabies, the Office of the People's Government of Quzhou City issued an emergency circular on the rapid implementation of rabies prevention and control work: a citywide canine census was launched to map the stock of dogs and cats, and mandatory immunization of dogs was implemented. The unimmunized, suspicious symptoms of dogs for compulsory culling and do harmless disposal.
Material 2: rabies (rabies) is rabies virus caused by acute infectious diseases, human and animal **** sufferers, mostly in dogs (dogs), wolves, cats and other animals, rabies prevention methods for: first, timely treatment of wounds, the correct method is to use 20% of soapy water to rinse the wound. There is no soap and water, on the ground with water to rinse the wound, absolutely can not squeeze and suck the wound, but also can not use the earth compresses, ginger rubbed and other earth methods; Secondly, as early as possible for preventive vaccination, injection of rabies vaccine and anti-rabies serum, the earlier the vaccination, the safer the life.
Read the above materials and analyze the answer to the question:
(1) rabies is a surface infectious disease, caused by rabies pathogen is ▲ .
(2)A citywide canine (dog) census is a ▲ from an ecological point of view.
A. community B. population C. ecosystem D. ecological group
(3)Rabies vaccination and injection of anti-rabies serum, so that people get immunized by the method of immunization belongs to specific immunity, but they are different, please briefly explain. ▲