Procurement forms mainly include the following:
(1) Centralized and unified procurement
Retail enterprise managers or specialized commodity purchasing departments are fully responsible for commodity procurement, and each commodity department is only responsible for filling orders and selling.
Centralized and unified procurement has many advantages:
(1) Save costs, and several people are responsible for the whole store procurement. (2) Unified use of funds to save costs.
(3) to prevent the purchase channels from being too scattered, you can get the discount advantage of bulk purchase.
(4) It is beneficial for the commodity department to concentrate on and do a good job in commodity sales services.
Of course, centralized and unified procurement also has some shortcomings, such as the disconnection between purchase and sale, the shortage of goods, the increase of internal allocation procedures, and the unfavorable internal circulation of goods. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the planning of commodity procurement.
Centralized and unified procurement is suitable for small and medium-sized retail enterprises, not for large enterprises.
(2) Decentralized independent purchase
In this way, all commodity departments are directly responsible for the procurement of commodities, while retail enterprises only control the overall balance and adjust the distribution and use of funds according to the sales situation of various commodity departments. Advantages of decentralized independent procurement:
(1) It is helpful for commodity departments to know their sales trends and consumers' preferences, so as to organize and distribute suitable commodities in time and save time.
(2) It is conducive to accelerating capital turnover and improving operating results.
(3) Give full play to the initiative and enthusiasm of all commodity departments and sales staff.
Of course, this way of purchasing goods also has defects and deficiencies, such as:
① Decentralized procurement business is not conducive to unified management.
② More investment, transportation and financial resources are needed, which increases the cost. (3) It increases the purchase burden of sales staff, which is not conducive to improving service quality.
Decentralized independent procurement mode is more suitable for large retail enterprises that purchase nearby.
(3) the combination of centralized procurement and decentralized procurement
This method is generally suitable for large retail enterprises. Its characteristic is that when purchasing nearby, some goods are purchased in bulk, and when purchasing in different places, the goods are purchased by enterprises in a centralized and unified way. This comprehensive approach is conducive to the centralized and unified use of funds and the organization of procurement personnel by retail enterprises, and can give full play to the enthusiasm of various commodity departments. If planning and cohesion are strengthened in procurement, it can play a role that the above two procurement methods are difficult to play.
(4) Entrusted purchase
This method is mainly suitable for small and medium-sized retail enterprises. Because this kind of enterprises are relatively small in scale, they buy many kinds of goods but small in batch, and the procedures are complicated. Without a special person in charge of purchasing goods, they entrust middlemen to purchase them and pay the other party a certain agency fee. When purchasing goods, we should strictly check the quality, specifications and varieties of the purchased goods, and resolutely return the goods that do not meet the procurement standards.
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