This topic I think the most important thing is not to list all the bad things that science and technology bring to human beings, because if your eyes only focus on the bad things, then the other side is very likely to seize this point to attack you: the other side of the apologists, you are always listing all the bad things about science and technology, it seems that science and technology development has brought to human beings only a disaster, so why do we still emphasize that science and technology is the first productive force? Science and technology is the first productive force? Why do human beings continue to develop science and technology?
To answer this question, the key lies in your understanding of the topic of the debate, the essence of this understanding is: why do we need to find out why science and technology bring bad things to people. That's the key to your side's argument, why? Remember there is a saying: technology is a double-edged sword, on the one hand, it can smash ignorance and backwardness, on the other hand, it may also bring endless disasters to human beings. At this time, we emphasize the pain and disaster brought by science and technology to human beings precisely in order to maximize the positive effects of this double-edged sword for the benefit of human beings, rather than the opposite. The so-called "good medicine is better than bad medicine" is because rational and comprehensive thinking about science and technology can make it always under the control of human beings and will not be harmful to human beings in turn.
After the establishment of the point of view, some necessary examples are naturally to have, in fact, the example is very good to cite: the development of the theory of atomic physics is that mankind has mastered the technology of nuclear energy, but it also brought the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear disaster, brought mankind fifty years of "horrible peace", mankind for the first time with their own destruction of their own ability. For the first time, mankind had the ability to destroy itself. In addition, there have been numerous nuclear accidents, most notably the Chernobyl disaster in the Soviet Union (please search the Internet for specific data). The development of chemistry has allowed us to gain an unprecedented ability to modify nature, but our gunpowder and explosives have also harmed tens of millions of our fellow human beings. Our chemical synthesis technology has enabled us to create things that did not exist in nature, but now we are also plagued by white trash, poisoned by chemical pollution, and why so many children in our country are now suffering from leukemia is due to the use of chemical binders in home renovation, as well as ozone-destroying Freon. The development of oil exploration technology is the pace of human progress greatly accelerated we have been able to fly faster than the speed of sound, but this also brought too many wars and too much turmoil, but also make the earth began to cold fever. The development of biotechnology has given us the power to create life, which was previously monopolized by God, but it has also brought about ethical disorders. In short, the progress of science is always accompanied by the danger of corresponding drawbacks, and today we must face up to these negative impacts or we may end up destroying the human race in our own hands.
The above answer is my answer to the question "What are the disadvantages of science and technology for human beings? These two questions are basically the same, and I don't know if you're describing the question accurately, but if you are, the key point is still how to look at the disadvantages of technology. Is it that there are drawbacks so we don't develop it, or that we would rather return to a primitive society in order to avoid the drawbacks of scientific development. Of course, this is not true, so we find and expose the disadvantages of science and technology in order to play the role of a rational critic, for example, some people found out that Freon is harmful to the ozone layer and did not make human beings stop using refrigerators but use other refrigerants. The discovery of the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide did not stop the use of the fuel, but the Kyoto Protocol was signed to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The list goes on and on, so your argument is that a rational critic is a rational critic, and it is because of rational critics that mankind has survived self-destruction time and time again. That is your argument. The development of mankind has always required some people to play the role of critics, and the core of freedom of speech is to ensure the freedom of those critics and to guarantee the right of mankind to have a different opinion
Thinking that the disadvantages are great because of how much the world has changed when mankind has entered the 21st century, the world has changed in an astonishing way. While people have rejoiced at the rapid development of science and technology, they have also experienced greater uncertainty and even disaster. In addition to the panic over the development of high technology, especially biotechnology, wars and diseases seem to have brought mankind directly to the gates of hell.
The 2003 SARS epidemic, including all the speculation about SARS, is directly linked to a growing global concern: biosafety. Biosafety is a scientific and technological system of detection, evaluation, monitoring, prevention and management of biological hazards, is the study of various biological factors on human health, the application of existing theoretical knowledge, technology, engineering design and equipment, etc., to prevent personnel engaged in related work, laboratories and the environment from being potentially infectious substances and biotoxic substances of the hazards of an emerging fringe discipline. Biosecurity issues are manifested in at least the following aspects:
The great harm of infectious diseases
Infectious diseases, including human, animal and plant infectious diseases, especially human infectious diseases is the most important biosafety issues, infectious diseases are still the first cause of death in the world, in our country, infectious diseases are still a serious threat to the health of the people and national security. the SARS epidemic is a strong proof of this The SARS epidemic is a strong proof. In addition hepatitis, tuberculosis, influenza and other infectious diseases are still prevalent or outbreaks in some parts of the country and some countries and regions of the world every year
Potential Threats of Biological Weapons and Biological Terrorism
The entire international community has made unremitting efforts to ban biological weapons in the twentieth century, and some progress has been made. However, in the 21st century, the potential threat of biological weapons has greatly increased, and some countries and regions may still continue to research and develop biological weapons. In addition, the rapid development of biotechnology has greatly increased the potential threat of biological weapons, and bioterrorism, symbolized by the anthrax incident in the United States, has posed a real threat to international security. The anthrax incident in the United States is a real threat to international security. Yuen Kwok-yung, head of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Hong Kong, was the first scholar to isolate a coronavirus and to discover that a variant of the coronavirus was the pathogen of SARS, an RNA virus that can easily recombine with other viral genes to become a new virus. Many experiments have shown that new viruses produced in this way are more virulent than their parent viruses. Coronaviruses can be found in many animals, and they can easily mutate, making them extremely dangerous. Yuan therefore believes that the SARS virus has great potential to become a pathogen for making biochemical weapons in addition to smallpox.
Negative effects of biotechnology
The negative effects of biotechnology are mainly manifested in the following ways: First, when people develop and utilize biotechnology, unexpected safety problems may arise. Just as the current widespread concern about the various types of genetically modified organisms living environment after the release of the harm posed to biodiversity. In addition, genetically engineered drugs and vaccines, genetically modified foods, gene therapy, and so on, may have similar problems. Misuse of biotechnology and unethical application of biotechnology may also pose significant safety risks. The research on somatic cell cloning of human beings is a prominent example.
Threats to Biological Resources and Biodiversity
From the perspective of biosecurity, the invasion of foreign species and the loss of biological resources may cause great damage to national interests. The environmental release of genetically modified organisms poses a great threat to biodiversity.
Safety hazards in microbiology laboratories
Compared with other physical and chemical laboratories or other kinds of laboratories, microbiology and biomedical laboratories are special laboratories in which everyone working in them, as well as the surroundings with which they come into contact, have a high risk of suffering from infectious diseases or affecting their health. Negligence and accidents in the management of microbiological laboratories can lead not only to infections among laboratory workers, but also to environmental contamination and large-scale population infections. Accidents of accidental infection in laboratories at home and abroad are not uncommon, and in serious cases, thousands of laboratory animals have to be slaughtered, even leading to the death of laboratory staff.
At present, with the rapid development of biotechnology, biosafety has become a major proposition that affects the whole country and the whole world in terms of politics, economy, security and peace. In recent years, especially after the anthrax infection in the U.S., biosafety has attracted much attention both at home and abroad, and biosafety terminology is often found in governmental or nongovernmental organizations' documents and all kinds of media, and the global pandemic of SARS will undoubtedly make countries all over the world pay more attention to biosafety and take it as a component of national security. component of national security.
With the development of the economy, the accelerated pace of people's lives and the improvement of living standards, the amount of plastic
is increasing day by day. 1996, China's use of plastic packaging amounted to 2.43 million tons, with an average annual growth rate of more than
20%, especially in the city, along the main transportation routes, and tourist attractions in the garbage of the plastic waste is rapidly increasing.
According to the survey, the annual output of domestic garbage in Beijing has reached 3 million tons, of which waste plastics accounted for about 3%, with an annual growth rate of
48%. Coastal cities in the garbage in the plastic component is higher, up to 8-10%. These waste
Plastic in the proportion of garbage if calculated by volume, has reached more than one-third, and greatly increased
The difficulty and cost of garbage disposal.
Because of waste plastic hundreds of years are difficult to degrade, if discarded in the natural environment, will give mosquitoes, flies and
bacteria to provide a breeding ground for survival; if buried underground, it is easy to contaminate the groundwater, impede the growth of plant roots
system, destroy the quality of the soil, affecting the crop yield; if incineration with fire, will produce a variety of toxic gases
Body. "White pollution" has become a major environmental hazard in our society, seriously hindering the sustainable development of our country's
economy and environment.
Currently China's annual consumption of disposable tableware about 10 billion, mainly for the foam plastic products, to prohibit
Stop the production and sale of these large amount of disposable foam plastic tableware, we must develop and produce its alternative
Supplies, green disposable tableware came into being. Experts believe that the development
and production of green disposable tableware is becoming China's new environmental protection industry.
In mid-December, the Ministry of Science and Technology, in conjunction with the State Economic and Trade Commission, the State Environmental Protection Administration, the Ministry of Railways jointly convened a green
disposable tableware technology development exchanges, at which the reporter interviewed the head of the China Rural Technology Development Center
Wang Zhixue, as well as several producers of business managers.
Wang Zhixue said: China's development and production of green disposable tableware according to the type of raw materials, can be divided into paper
pulp, rice husk, straw and starch. China's existing hundreds of enterprises to produce paper disposable tableware,
Annual production capacity of about 3 billion.
Paper tableware raw materials in the production process of serious pollution, high cost, and its own strength and waterproof and wet
poor, therefore, its popularization and application of greater limitations, people will naturally look elsewhere
place, to the benefits of science and technology. Such as rice husk as raw materials for the production of rice husk tableware, China now has more than a dozen of this
type of enterprise, the annual production capacity of about 150 million; straw tableware to crop straw as the main
raw materials, China now also has more than a dozen manufacturers, with an annual production capacity of 75 million; starch tableware to potato
starch as the main raw material, it is good degradation, can do feed after recycling. Recycling can be done after the feed. In short, the country on a green
disposable tableware research and development is very important, through the scientific and technological research, Spark Plan, Torch Plan and other scientific and technological development
development plan to give strong support to a number of enterprises in the production of green disposable tableware technology has been relatively mature, with
prepared for the basis of industrialization.
Wuhan Far East Green World Group is the starch as raw material, green disposable tableware technology
Technology and development, economic benefits of the company's beginning to take shape. The company's president Su Xiaohai's experience is quite legendary:
He originally studied at the Hubei Light Industry Institute of Arts and Crafts, in 1984 into the Wuhan University to read a master's degree in Philosophy
degree, and then study and work in Germany, Europe's environmental protection has touched him a great deal, and gave birth to the return to China to engage in
environmental protection industry idea. Su Xiaohai told reporters: I studied arts and crafts, is a bit of aesthetics, I today
day into the green tableware such as environmental protection business, is the beginning of my initial understanding of the beauty; and aesthetics of the extension
extension, in the final analysis, is also a philosophy.
Between 1992 and 1996, the Far East Green World Company developed recycled cardboard disposable tableware and reed-pulp
molded food and drink utensils, due to the low technological content, the scale of production has not been able to expand. 1996, the company
Sent officers to study the European market biodegradable packaging supplies technology, that the development of plant starch production
Total degradation of packaging products, the development of a fully degradable packaging products, the company has been working to develop a new technology to meet the demand for biodegradable food and drinks.
Full degradation of disposable tableware may be a way to eliminate "white pollution". 1997, by a group of food
products, chemical, mechanical experts, the company focused on investment in the development of full degradation of disposable food and beverage supplies, the project
included in the 1997 national torch plan project. The project is listed in the national torch program in 1997.
They absorbed foreign advanced technology, combined with the domestic production process of paper tableware for a series of innovations: the use of
the domestic resource-rich sweet potatoes, corn and other starch as the main raw materials, instead of a single higher-priced
Potato starch; in the raw materials of sweet potato starch increased by 20% of natural fibers, so that catering products increase the strength of the obvious
The company also used foodstuffs and food products to develop a series of new products, which are widely used in the food industry.
degree, and then the use of food puffing processing technology to make products with light weight and softness; increase the strength of the surface spraying
processing and shaping equipment, so that the production of food and beverage supplies with waterproof, oil, heat-resistant features and so on. Su Xiaoxiao
Hai made a vivid analogy: it is like building materials in the reinforced concrete, sweet potato starch is that cement, and
chopped and stirred into a variety of hay and plant roots and stems is that reinforced steel, so as to make the tableware strength obviously
enhanced.
The starch-based tableware produced by the Far East Green World was tested by the German SGS organization with reference to the international food
packaging standards, and it was not deformed at 100 degrees Celsius for more than two hours in hot water and hot oil, and it has excellent temperature preservation
performance. Because the starch and additives are natural plant raw materials, the product degradation performance is excellent, by the National Environmental
Environmental Testing Center test shows that about 10 days can be degraded by more than 90%, within a month can be completely degraded.
It is reported that because the project uses plant starch and plant fiber, the cost is low, each with a lid lunch
box cost of about 0.12 yuan, no lid lunch box and bowl, plate cost of about 0.07 yuan, with a broad market prospects.
At present, the Far East Green World Company intends to invest 160 million yuan, to build an annual output of 5 billion pairs of disposable chopsticks, 3.5 billion various types of
bowls, plates, boxes and other products of large-scale production base of green biodegradable disposable tableware, the project reaches production, the annual production value of 625 million yuan can be
new, new profits and taxes of about 130 million yuan. The civil engineering of the base has been started in March this year,
has built a standard workshop of 20,000 square meters, if the follow-up funds can be guaranteed, it is expected that the end of 1999 can reach production.
Su Xiaohai said: our scientific and technological advantages are obvious, the future can create the social benefits are also obvious: starch
made of disposable hygiene chopsticks, its functional indicators can completely replace the disposable wooden chopsticks, and only this one, that is
could be the country each year, saving nearly 500,000 cubic meters of timber resources; the group if you can reach the production, it is expected that each year, we need to use 200,000 tons!
More than 200,000 tons of sweet potatoes are expected to be processed into more than 100,000 tons of starch raw materials, which can also lift more than 100,000 people out of poverty in poor areas and promote
the development of agricultural industrialization in old areas.
Shantou Green Heng Industrial Co., Ltd. from the previous few years, the rice husk system of green disposable tableware development, at present
previously also has a preliminary industrial scale production capacity, the company produces a disposable packaging containers made of rice husk, especially
particularly to provide the use of supermarkets and other products such as food packaging containers, has begun to test market Japan, Taiwan, the United States and so on
Location of the company is the first time in the United States to produce the rice husk system.
The company has already begun trial sales in Japan, Taiwan, and the United States.
The green disposable tableware produced by Green Heng is made by crushing and sieving rice husk, then mixing it with several kinds of edible organic
polymer bonding agents and water, and then going through the processes of stamping and molding, drying, and spraying, to produce different shapes of
plates, bowls, and other utensils.
Ji Xiaopeng, general manager of Green Heng Business Co., said: disposable tableware to rice husk as raw material, not only in our country
resource-rich, inexhaustible, and it can be quickly degraded in the soil after use, which can be said to be two birds with one stone.
Green Heng has a production line in operation, its investment of about 9.8 million yuan, production capacity of 400,000
tableware / day, currently up to 200,000 tableware / day. Annual output value of about 36 million yuan, the expected payback period of about
one and a half years, investment profit of about 30% or so, production technology and product quality has passed the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Commission organized
technical appraisal and food hygiene departments of the test. According to reports, the company in order to better market the product, regulation
model business, intends to set up a group of companies in the near future, and to invest in technological transformation, with a view to making the production
line of higher degree of automation.
According to the Ministry of Science and Technology held under the auspices of the green tableware technology development exchanges, July 18, 1998, Wen Jiabao
Vice Premier of the Taihu Lake Basin Water Pollution Prevention and Control Conference, specifically to solve the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake,
Railway along the "white pollution" within one year, and asked the relevant departments of the State Council to focus on three key areas of work. The relevant departments of the State Council were asked to focus on three tasks, one is to strengthen management,
prohibit littering; the second is to stop the use of disposable foamed plastic tableware; the third is to expeditiously develop and mass production of alternatives
Products. November 14, Vice Premier Li Lanqing in the 12th National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee work conference, also
proposed foamed plastic tableware The issue of promoting the application of alternatives. It seems that the green disposable tableware has caused the central leadership
comrades as well as science and technology, environmental protection and other relevant departments attaches great importance to it as a new environmental protection industry, can be described as
Born and just in time, now, both the need to be able to climb the peak of science and technology personnel to continue to engage in research and development
Development, need to be our understanding of business, good management of the entrepreneurs to increase Technological innovation and market development, but also need us
the visionary financiers, venture capitalists, give green disposable tableware industrialization to sufficient
enough capital investment.
China's green disposable tableware development and industrialization of most of the enterprises are currently smaller production scale, the ability to withstand the wind
Weak, and many of them are private enterprises, the need for government departments to give enough industrial policy
Support and guidance, a better start, so that the emerging green industry can be healthy, sustainable development
Development.
Development.
2. Positive
Humanity will step into the information age, the network more and more strongly involved in our lives, more and more close to our students. Is it a great advantage or a great necessity for elementary school students to go online? We firmly believe that the advantages of Internet access for elementary school students outweigh the disadvantages. I will explain our point of view from 3 aspects:
1. Necessity. This is a knowledge-based economy, information is expanding and exploding at an unprecedented rate, the future of the world is the world of the network, in order for our country to keep pace with the times in this information world, as the main force of the 21st century, we are bound to be able to adapt to this high-tech society faster, with the outside world in a rapid and timely manner to obtain the ability to obtain effective scientific information, with the dissemination of scientific information ability, which is the quality of science. This is the quality of science. The Internet is precisely adapted to this requirement. Deng Xiaoping grandfather did not say: "computer to start with the children"?
2. Practicality. Network world resources **** enjoy, it is like a treasure bowl, an inexhaustible "rich gold mountain", who diligently cultivate labor on this gold mountain, who will have something. You can find the fastest learning materials, you can learn more knowledge outside the classroom, and flexible use of knowledge in the classroom, to promote the development of thinking, cultivate the creativity of primary school students. The Internet can also go beyond the time and space and economic constraints, in the online education of the famous schools, there are any problems, you can also be as much as at any time through the network to get the teacher's guidance. Moreover, the interactive learning on the Internet, rich three-dimensional graphic display, language interpretation and other multimedia content, making learning easy and interesting, which is impossible to have any textbooks! In addition, the network to the English usage and content for the most, respectively, 84% and 90%, which will motivate us to learn English more actively, this is not good?
3. Reality. Each primary and secondary schools to establish computer classrooms, popularize network knowledge, promote elementary school students' family Internet access, the realization of distance education and knowledge **** enjoyment is to cultivate primary school students to learn and apply the interest and awareness of information and technology, and cultivate our ability to obtain, analyze and process information, which has become imperative. Look around us, the school's website is not engaged in the red hot, Mr. Wang did not also suggest that we go to the school's website to take a look? Isn't the class website in full swing? If the Internet is not good, why build these sites?
It is true that as a new thing, we believe that there are some disadvantages of the network, but elementary school students in the school under the education, in the teacher's correct guidance and parental guidance, will be able to make us with a correct mindset to the application of the network of this tool. 21st century will be the age of information, we will be the future of the country's pillars. Understanding and mastering the knowledge of computer network is the most powerful weapon to break into the future information age. Let's believe that the efforts we put in today will be rewarded in the end. Therefore, I once again state our point of view: the advantages of Internet access for elementary school students outweigh the disadvantages!
(Rebuttal after the debate on the opposite side)
The benefits that the Internet brings to mankind are countless, and the emergence of the Internet is a sign of the progress of modern society and the development of science and technology. The modern sense of illiteracy no longer refers to those who can not read and write, but do not understand the computer out of the information age. In the ancient times when science was not developed, people used to fantasize that they could know everything about the world without going out of their homes, and now the high speed of information has turned this fantasy into reality. As a twenty-first century schoolchildren, can we still only read the holy books, but not hear the world?
The other side cited various examples to prove the disadvantages of the Internet for our students. However, I have to say that everything in the newborn stage will always produce some uncomfortable disadvantages, if we kill it just because of its little flaws, then we will not be missing a lot of essential things now?
The speed of the network also has its advantages, through the network, we can know some of the latest news in a timely manner; through the network, we can visit elementary school across the country in just a few hours, in the network library to check the information we need, with the help of online information, to complete the study from a comfortable place, the examination can be known immediately after the results of the problem can be at any time by e-mail to ask the Teacher's guidance. Take the most impressive SARS as an example, during the SARS period, some schools in Guangzhou and Beijing had to suspend classes, in order to implement synchronous teaching, people invented the online school, the weekly online school teaching content is consistent with the progress of the school curriculum, we can be immersed in a comprehensive education in all parts of the country through the Internet. Isn't this good? Because of all these points, we firmly believe that the advantages of the Internet outweigh the disadvantages!