Several classification methods of laser
There are many ways to categorize lasers, such as according to the material it cuts, according to the size of its power to points, according to the wave band points, laser equipment in accordance with the wavelength can be divided into visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, X-ray, multi-wavelength tunable, the current industrial use of infrared and ultraviolet lasers. For example, CO2 laser 10.64um infrared laser, krypton lamp pumped YAG laser 1.064um infrared laser, xenon lamp pumped YAG laser 1.064um infrared laser, semiconductor side pumped YAG laser 1.064um infrared laser. There are many types of lasers, which can be categorized into solid, gas, liquid, semiconductor and dye, and several other types: (1) solid-state lasers are generally small and sturdy, with high pulsed radiant power and a wide range of applications. For example: Nd: YAG laser. Nd (neodymium) is a rare earth element, YAG represents yttrium aluminum garnet, crystal structure similar to ruby. (2) semiconductor laser small size, light weight, long life, simple structure, especially suitable for use in aircraft, warships, vehicles and spacecraft. Semiconductor lasers can change the wavelength of laser light through external electric field, magnetic field, temperature, pressure, etc., and can directly convert electric energy into laser energy, so it is developing rapidly. (3) gas laser to gas as a working material, monochromatic and coherent better, the laser wavelength can be up to thousands of kinds, widely used. Gas laser structure is simple, inexpensive and easy to operate. They are widely used in industry and agriculture, medicine, precision measurement, holographic technology and so on. Gas lasers have a variety of incentives such as electrical energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, light energy, nuclear energy and so on. (4) Dye lasers using liquid dyes as working substances were introduced in 1966 and are widely used in various fields of scientific research. About 500 types of laser-producing dyes have been discovered. These dyes can be dissolved in alcohol, benzene, acetone, water or other solutions. They can also be contained in organic plastics in a solid state, or sublimated into a vapor and appear in a gaseous form. That is why dye lasers are also known as " liquid lasers". The salient feature of dye lasers is that the wavelength is continuously tunable. Fuel lasers are widely available, inexpensive and highly efficient, with output power comparable to that of gas and solid-state lasers, and are used in spectroscopy, photochemistry, medicine and agriculture. (5) infrared laser has a variety of types, a wide range of applications, it is a new type of infrared radiation source, characterized by high radiation intensity, good monochromaticity, good coherence, strong directionality (6) X-ray laser in scientific research and the military has an important value, the application of laser anti-missile weapons have an advantage; biologists with X-ray laser to be able to study the molecular structure of living tissues or a detailed understanding of the cellular function; with the X-ray laser to photograph the molecular structure, or a detailed understanding of cellular function. X-ray lasers are used by biologists to study the molecular structure of living tissues or to gain a detailed understanding of cellular functions; X-ray lasers are used to take photographs of molecular structures, and the images of biomolecules obtained are of high contrast. (7) Chemical lasers Some chemical reactions produce enough high-energy atoms to release large amounts of energy that can be used to produce laser light. (8) Free Electron Lasers These lasers are better suited than other types to generate very high power radiation. Its mechanism of operation is different, it is from the gas pedal to obtain tens of millions of volts of high-energy tuned electron beams, through the cycle of magnetic fields, the formation of different energy states of the energy level, to produce excited radiation. (9) Excimer lasers, fiber-guided lasers, etc.