August 1927, 1, 20th Army Battalion of the National Revolutionary Army,1/24th Engineering Battalion of the Army participated in Nanchang Uprising with the troops. On the way of the uprising troops leaving Nanchang for Guangdong, the engineers took part in the battles of Ruijin and Huichang, and dragged the self-made bamboo raft and grass guard troops across the Han River by steamboat in Sanheba, dapu county, Guangdong, in order to gain time to get rid of the pursuit of the Kuomintang troops. 1929 65438+February 1 1, the 7th Red Army composed of the baise uprising troops was organized into an engineering company. In order to adapt to the transformation of the Red Army from guerrilla warfare to mobile warfare,1In May, 930, the Central Committee issued the "Draft for the Creation of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army", which stipulated that the division should be composed of engineering teams. 10 On June 7th, Red 1 Corps set up an engineering team with Anyuan coal mine workers as the main body (later renamed as engineering company). In June, 193 10 was expanded into the Red Army Engineering Battalion in Jianning County, Fujian Province, and then divided into division engineering company and military engineering company. By the end of 1933, the Red Army's corps, armies, divisions and regiments had generally established engineering detachments. 1In June, 934, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission set up an engineering battalion directly under it in Wuyang Town, Ruijin County, Jiangxi Province. From 1933 to 1934, the Second and Sixth Army Corps of the Red Army (later co-edited as the Red Second Army) and the Red Fourth Army successively set up engineering detachments. In previous operations against "encirclement and suppression", the Red Army Corps of Engineers used simple tools and equipment such as explosives, shovels and pickaxes to carry out tasks such as bridging roads, blasting tunnels, building fortifications and setting obstacles. During the Long March, most engineering units were incorporated into the advance troops to undertake road reconnaissance tasks and overcome natural obstacles such as rivers, roads, snow-capped mountains and grasslands along the way with engineering actions; Bridge with bamboo rafts and wooden boats, cross the river on water, ensure that the main force of the Red Army can skillfully cross the Jinsha River and Dadu River, erect pontoons such as Shui Yuan, Xiaoshui, Xiangjiang, Wujiang, Chishui and Jialing River, cooperate with infantry to cut off and seize the pass, and ensure that the troops can reach the Shaanxi-Gansu revolutionary base smoothly.
1August 937 and1October1October, after the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, all divisions (detachments) were equipped with engineering barracks or engineering companies. In order to meet the needs of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, brigades, detachments, military regions and divisions in the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines have successively established engineering companies or barracks. Participated in various battles such as Pingxingguan Campaign and Hundred Regiments War, and annihilated the Japanese Puppet by coordinated traffic attacks and bombing. And in Shandong, Hebei and other provinces, it has guided local armed forces and the people to carry out extensive land-breaking, mine-laying and tunnel warfare.
During the War of Liberation, China's Central Military Commission, the Central Military Commission, various field armies and major military regions attached great importance to the construction of engineers, and constantly improved their equipment, which enabled engineers to develop rapidly. March 1946, 1, Northeast Democratic Allied Engineering School was established. 1947 In March, the East China Field Army set up the First Engineering Corps of China People's Liberation Army (Hua Ye Special Longitudinal Engineering Corps). By June 1950, the whole army had established 18 engineering corps, and engineering detachments and engineering command organizations of military regions (or field armies) were generally established in units above regimental level. In the battle, the engineers cooperated with the infantry to carry out a large-scale battle, and completed many engineering tasks, such as storm (tunnel blasting), close-pressure operation, bridge-building in front of the enemy, crossing the river and so on. And cooperated with the artillery to capture Shijiazhuang, Jinan, Linfen, Yuncheng and other cities, participated in major battles such as Liaoshen, Huaihai, Ping Jin, crossing the river, and marched into the southeast, south, southwest and northwest.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the corps of engineers entered a new stage of development. 1951March, the China People's Liberation Army Corps of Engineers was established. 1955 August 1 1 renamed China People's Liberation Army Corps of Engineers. Chen Shiju and Tan successively served as commanders; Huang Zhiyong, Tan Furen, Li Zhen and Wang Liusheng successively served as political commissar. After it was renamed the Corps of Engineers, it set out to set up colleges, establish and improve scientific research institutes and research institutes, and adjust and rectify the troops. 1September, 953, the whole army corps was divided into three professional units: engineer, pontoon bridge and construction. On June 5th1955,65438+1October 65438, the Corps of Engineers redefined the serial numbers and sequences of the Corps of Engineers, the Pontoon Bridge Corps and the Construction Corps according to the development of the troops, and put some Corps of Engineers under the organization and leadership of the military region according to their tasks. 1961may, engineers and architects were established. Subsequently, China's Central Military Commission added two posts to the engineering corps and corps of major military regions to form and enrich the construction force and help Vietnam build roads and coastal defense projects. By the end of 1965, the engineering department (sub-team) had grown to more than 490,000 people.
During the period of 1967 ~ 1975, according to the change of tasks, engineers gradually streamlined their construction forces and developed pontoon bridge troops accordingly. Some construction units were placed under the leadership of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, the Second Artillery Corps and the General Logistics Department, and some were reorganized into infantry and garrison troops. 1975, the State Council and the Central Military Commission decided to hand over the engineering corps responsible for national defense industrial projects and civil airport and highway construction to the Capital Construction Engineering Corps. At the same time, some construction groups were reorganized into pontoon groups.
In order to meet the needs of military modernization, after 1976, engineers continued to streamline the construction troops, focusing on the development of engineers and pontoon bridge troops, and developed camouflage and field water supply engineering troops accordingly according to the instructions of the military commission. By 1985, the number of engineers increased by 2.5 times, and camouflage corps and water supply engineers were established one after another. 1980, special pontoon bridge brigade and engineer brigade were established one after another. Engineers have basically achieved the requirements of specialization in grouping, motorization in action and mechanization in engineering operations, and further improved their ability to quickly complete field engineering support tasks under modern war conditions. 1982 September 16, the Central Military Commission decided to downsize the leading organs of the Central Military Commission and the Military Region Engineering Corps into the General Staff Department and the Military Region Command Engineering Corps respectively. 1985, China's central military commission decided to incorporate most divisions into the group army to strengthen the engineering corps.