The Book of Commandments is a letter written by Zhuge Liang, a politician in the Three Kingdoms period, to his eight-year-old son Zhuge Zhan in his later years.
This article was written in the 12th year of Jian Xing in Shu Han Dynasty (234). Zhuge Liang dedicated his life to the country and died. He worked day and night for the national cause of Shu and Han and neglected to educate his son personally, so he wrote this letter to warn Zhuge Zhan.
Through the words of wisdom, rationality, conciseness and preciseness, the full text expresses the father's love in the world, which has become a famous piece of self-cultivation and determination of future students. The article is short and pithy, fresh and elegant, unpretentious and approachable, which are the characteristics of this article.
The full text is as follows:
A gentleman's journey is quiet to cultivate one's morality, and frugal to cultivate one's morality. Not cold, not awake, not quiet, not far away. You must be quiet before you can study. If you don't learn, you can't be versatile, and if you don't want to learn, you can't succeed. If you are slow, you can't be energetic, and if you are dangerous, you can't be radical.
Time goes by, meaning goes by, and then becomes withered, not meeting the world, and staying in a poor house sadly. What will happen? (indifferent work: mooring; Slow work makes fine work: slow)
The translation is as follows:
The character of a gentleman is to improve self-cultivation from tranquility and cultivate morality from thrift. You can't be clear about your ambitions without being quiet, and you can't achieve your lofty goals without excluding external interference. Learning must be calm and single-minded, and talent comes from learning. Therefore, if you don't study, you won't grow up, and if you don't have ambition, you won't get results. Indulging in laziness can't cheer you up, nor can impatience and adventure cultivate your temperament.
Time flies, and the will passes with the years. In the end, most of them are out of touch with the world and are not used by society. They can only sit in the poor house sadly. How could they regret it at that time?
Comments on the text are as follows:
(1) Caution: Warn and advise people to be vigilant.
(2) Fu (fú): The first few words of a paragraph or sentence lead to the following discussion, which has no practical significance. Gentleman: A person of noble character. Refers to ethics, morality and conduct.
(3) Cultivation: personal moral cultivation.
(4) self-cultivation: self-cultivation.
⑸ (dàn) Bo: Also written as "indifferent", quiet and not greedy for fame and fortune. Peace of mind, nameless greed. No desire. Zhi Ming: Show your great ambition.
[6] Quiet: This refers to being quiet, concentrating and not distracting. Zhiyuan: achieve big goals.
Extended data:
Zhuge Liang (181-23410-8) was born in Xuzhou (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province) and was an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher and inventor during the Three Kingdoms period.
Zhuge Liang educated his son to be "quiet" and "quiet", encouraged his son to study hard and motivate himself. He made great efforts from his quiet cultivation. He said, "If you study quietly, you have to learn. If you don't learn, you won't have a wide range of talents. If you have no ambition, you have no chance to learn. "
It means that without stability and tranquility, you can't study hard for a long time in order to realize your lofty ideals. To gain real knowledge, you must study and discuss your body and mind in peace. People's talents are accumulated from constant learning. You can't grow and develop your talents without hard work; Without firm will, you can't succeed in your studies.
Zhuge Liang educated his son not to be impetuous and behave absurdly. In the second half of the letter, he taught his son in a fatherly tone: if the young don't work hard, the old will be sad. This seems like a cliche, but it was taught by a loving father to his son. Every word is the truth in his heart and the summary of his life, so it is especially cherished.
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