(A) the life system
1, have a reasonable living system and schedule, and earnestly implement it.
(1) According to the age, physiological characteristics and actual situation of children in kindergartens (institutes).
And in accordance with the principle of combining static and dynamic, give due consideration to the needs of parents.
Formulate a one-day living system for children in this park (institute).
(2) Health care personnel participate in the formulation of children's schedules and students' days in the park.
Life care of activities (such as activities, eating, drinking, going to the toilet, washing hands, sleeping, etc.). )
Rational requirements.
(3) Health care personnel should implement the one-day-a-week life system for children in each class.
Conduct purposeful inspection, find problems in time and correct them.
2, under normal circumstances, children outdoor activities not less than 2 hours a day (not less than in winter
Half an hour), including 1 hour of physical activity and no less than 2 hours of nap.
(2) Children's health examination
1. Physical examination of children entering the park: children must go to the designated women and children's office before entering the park.
Medical and health institutions shall carry out health examination, and only after passing the examination can they enter the park (institute). health examination
The items on the checklist should be filled in completely and correctly, and the physical examination is valid within one month. Children entering the park (
) should be maternal and child health manual or health checklist and vaccination card to the kindergarten.
(nursery). Children must leave the nursery for more than two months before they can enter the park.
Re-examination, the physical examination rate should reach 100% before entering the park.
2. Children should have regular physical examinations according to their age after entering the park (institute): each child 1 infant under the age of 0.
1-Children under 3 years old once every quarter, once every six months, and children over 3 years old once a year.
Height and weight are measured once every six months, and children's health is carried out after regular physical examination.
Analyze and evaluate the situation and incidence statistics, and correct the disease or deficiency in time. Regular health examination
The rate is calculated according to the physical examination around June/kloc-0 every year, and the new admission (hospital) is not
More than 1 month, can not be included in the number of people surveyed.
3. Height, weight and vision examination: The height and weight examination demonstration park is conducted once every quarter.
Once, 1 class park once every six months. The eyesight examination is once every six months. All in the park (station)
) Babies have their hemoglobin checked once a year.
4. Strictly implement the system of morning inspection and full-time observation, and handle any abnormality in time.
Handle.
(1) The morning check-up work can be based on the actual situation of the park, and health check-ups and classes can be adopted.
Teachers check or both. Whichever way you choose, you will be covered by medical insurance.
Doctors are responsible for timely diagnosis and treatment of problems.
(2) The inspection steps include: touch, look, ask three questions and ask four questions, and observe children's spirit.
Face, temperature, ask about the health of the family, according to the age and health of the child.
The focus is on the inspection of infectious diseases season, such as whether the throat is red and swollen and whether the cheeks are there.
Swelling, rash, carrying unsafe items, etc. (3) found abnormal situation should be handled and recorded in time, for infectious diseases or other
If the condition is suspicious, parents can take their children to the hospital or stay in the observation room for temporary isolation.
From the observation.
(4) When children carry drugs, they should check the name, drug name, dosage and medication method.
And methods, do a good job of registration, and signed by parents. Give the child medicine on time.
(5) Health care personnel should patrol each class every afternoon and before children leave the park, and report to the old class.
Teachers and nurses should know about children's health status, and deal with suspicious or abnormal situations in time.
(6) Teachers and staff in the class should pay attention to observing the spirit, diet and sleep of infants all day.
Sleep, defecation, etc. Strengthen the life care of sick and weak children and find the difference.
Always contact the medical staff immediately and make a record of all-day observation.
(3) Staff health examination
1, the staff of child care institutions must have a health examination before taking up their posts, and at the same time, they should pick up.
Check it regularly every year.
2, suffering from national legal infectious diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, purulent skin diseases,
Mental illness and other medical staff and cooks who are harmful to children's health are not allowed to enter during the illness.
Those who are engaged in cooking teaching should be isolated and treated in time. Simple hepatitis B surface
Antigen-positive personnel shall not engage in the teaching work of direct contact with children.
(4) Food hygiene management
1, management
(1) Food hygiene complies with the Food Hygiene Law.
(2) Formulate the purchasing acceptance system, establish the warehousing account, and have the original vouchers to check.
(3) Keep samples for 24 hours per meal.
2. Food hygiene
(1) Children's drinking cups are for personal use and should be cleaned and disinfected once a day.
(2) The desktop should be cleaned, wiped and disinfected before meals and wiped clean after meals.
(3) After each use, the recycled tableware should be disinfected by classification.
(4) Wash or peel raw fruits and vegetables to prevent edible pollution.
(5) Staff exposed to children's diet should use soap and soap before work.
Wash your hands with running water
(5) Nutritional diet management
1, democratic management of children's diet: set up a partnership Committee, headed by the director of the park (institute),
Health care personnel, teachers, nurses, chefs, accountants and parents' representatives.
Hold a meeting every month to study the problems existing in children's diet and solicit opinions from parents at any time.
Summarize experience to continuously improve food quality.
2, children and staff (including chefs) food accounts and food storage and
Production should be strictly separated, children's meals should be clearly accounted for, and meals should be earmarked for special purposes, every month.
The accounts are announced, and the profit and loss are less than 3%.
3. Make recipes for the four seasons and make recipes suitable for children's age every week.
Try to make snacks by yourself, so that the varieties are diverse, the collocation is reasonable, the quantity is available and the cooking color is good.
Smells good. The demonstration park has meals every quarter, and the 1 grade park is adjusted every six months to ensure day care.
The average intake of calories and protein is over 70%-80%, and full-time nursing is 92% and 85%.
In fact, it is to analyze and summarize the results of diet adjustment and improve the existing problems.
4, each class statistics attendance, report to the kitchen, the chef should be based on the day's class.
Report the actual number of people who cook according to the recipe. Don't waste leftovers. You can't buy anything.
Fixed food can be temporarily replaced by similar food, and the recipe should be changed.
5. Provide children with drinking water conditions to ensure that children can drink water at any time.
(6) Hygiene and disinfection
1, personal hygiene and disinfection
(1) Make sure that children wash their hands carefully with soap and tap water before and after meals.
(2) Every child has a towel, which is cleaned and disinfected once a day. Towels should be placed in the sun.
Dry in a ventilated place. Towels should be hung at intervals so that there is no overlap between them.
(3) The toothbrush cup and toothbrush are for personal use, and the toothbrush should be replaced every three months. children
Pay attention to changing the toothbrush at any time after suffering from influenza, pneumonia, diarrhea and other infectious diseases.
(4) The boarding school cuts children's nails once a week and once every two weeks.
. Take a bath and wash your hair once a week. Wash your feet and ass every day. Personal bath towel
Use. Disinfect after each use, and the bottom basin for personal use should be washed and kept clean, and disinfected once a week.
Time.
(5) Bedding and sleeping mats are for personal use, and boarding children should change sheets and pillows every two weeks.
Towel once. Day care is once a month. Keep the bedding clean and dry, and dry and clean it every month.
Quilt once and wipe the mat at least once a week.
(6) Children over three years old should rinse their mouths after meals and take a nap after brushing their teeth.
(7) Protect children's eyesight and pay attention to indoor lighting, which should meet the requirements. Observing current
The distance between children and TV should be 5-7 times the diagonal of TV, once.
No more than 30 minutes, the height of the TV should be parallel to the line of sight.
(8) Cultivate children's good hygiene habits, such as not urinating or spitting.
Throw away waste, etc. Take off your coat and shoes during a nap, and correct behaviors such as covering your head, sucking your hands and biting the quilt.
Angle and other bad sleep habits.
(9) The staff should be neat and tidy, without long nails, and feed the children before and after meals.
Wash your hands with soap and tap water before eating. Don't wear rings and long earrings at work, and don't make them thick.
Make up, don't wear high heels, don't smoke.
2, environmental sanitation disinfection
(1) The indoor and outdoor environment is clean, safe and pollution-free. Establish and improve indoor and outdoor environment
Cleaning system, a small sweep every day, a big sweep every Monday, should be wet cleaning. Garbage and dirt
To clean up in time, there are special containers for centralized sealed storage.
(2) Indoor air circulation is fresh. Air-conditioned rooms should be ventilated at least once every half day in summer.
, each time10-15 minutes.
(3) Anti-mosquito and fly equipment should be installed in summer to eliminate mosquitoes, flies, rats and cockroaches in time.
The same carrier insects and animals.
(4) Toys should be cleaned at least once a week, and books should be disinfected with ultraviolet lamps once a week.
Or exposed to the sun.
(5) Bed rails, small tables and chairs that children are in close contact with should be cleaned once a day.
(6) Door handles and faucets should be kept clean and disinfected 1 time every day.
(7) Cleaning appliances (such as brooms, mops, rags, etc.). ) should be special and a mop should be used.
After each use, the rag should be cleaned in time and kept dry.
(8) Toilets should be for children only, and children should be rinsed in time after entering the toilet.
No peculiar smell. Disinfect at least once a day. Clean and disinfect the toilet in time after use.
(9) Gardens (institutes) with swimming pools shall meet the requirements of relevant regulations on environmental sanitation.
Disinfect the water well.
(10) The indoor environment of the newly renovated garden (institute) should be tested by relevant departments.
Relevant indicators can only be put into use within the qualified range.
(7) Vaccination management
1, according to the age and season of children, assist the health and epidemic prevention departments to do a good job in planned immunization.
2. If children are found to have serious reactions after vaccination, they should be sent to the hospital in time.
Reason.
(eight) infectious disease management system:
1. Take comprehensive measures such as early prevention, early detection, early isolation and early treatment. ask
Formulate emergency plans for public health emergencies, such as the occurrence and consumption of infectious diseases in the park.
Solutions to emergencies such as substance poisoning and major safety accidents.
2. Control the source of infection: (1) If the patient is found, take effective isolation measures in time and board the plane in time.
Report it. Pathogen carriers should also be isolated and treated in time. (2) For contacts
Medical observation and proper management, during the observation period, classes will not be merged, classes will not be promoted, and freshmen will not be accepted.
Don't turn to the nursery. Cut off the route of transmission, protect susceptible people and do a good job in infectious diseases in three aspects.
Management.
3, cut off the route of transmission
(1) Cooperate with the epidemic prevention department to eliminate the environment and various items in nurseries and kindergartens.
Poison or disinfect at any time. (2) Take effective measures against the transmission route of infectious diseases,
Such as strengthening food hygiene, preventing infectious diseases in digestive tract, keeping indoor air circulation or carrying out
Air disinfection to prevent respiratory infectious diseases.
4. Protect vulnerable children
(1) master the list of susceptible children, strengthen morning check-up and all-day observation in infectious diseases season,
And take necessary preventive measures, such as passive immunization or drug prevention. (2) Reasonable security
Arrange children's life, provide a balanced diet, strengthen outdoor exercise, and improve children's understanding of diseases.
Resist.
(9) Management of common diseases of children
1, common respiratory and digestive diseases and rickets in children, malnutrition,
Nutritional anemia and obesity should be included in the prevention and treatment of frequently-occurring diseases. Establish special files
And strengthen management.
2. Health care personnel and nursing staff provide life, health care, nutrition and care for frail children.
Nursing and treatment should be comprehensive and responsible. Such as proper nutritional intervention, according to the body
The management of frail children needs careful case records and summary according to diseases.
3. Publicize the nursing knowledge of frail children to parents, and ask parents to actively cooperate.
See a doctor if necessary.
(10) Physical exercise
1. Carry out various physical exercises with appropriate activities and make arrangements according to seasonal changes.
Indoor and outdoor activities are recorded every day. Physical exercise should be persistent, step by step, by
From easy to difficult, from short to long, gradually improve the intensity of exercise.
2, combined with age and seasonal changes, arrange diversified physical exercises and create new articles.
Sunbathing, water bath and air bath exercise, and gymnastics exercise for all ages.
3. Under normal climatic conditions, children should be guaranteed enough time for outdoor activities.
4. Arrange the exercise content according to the child's age characteristics and physique, and master the appropriate amount of exercise.
Don't force unification. Before exercise, we should make preparations for sports venues, equipment and children's clothes.
Work. Pay attention to protect children's safety, do a good job of maintenance, and observe children during exercise.
Children's reaction, abnormal situation immediately stop exercising, timely treatment. After the practice, you should
Observe the child's spirit, appetite, sleep, etc. to ensure water supply.
5. Pay attention to the combination of exercise and health care, nutrition and nursing. For weak children.
Special care, stop exercising when the child is sick.
(eleven) the management of frail children
1, frail children refer to children with the following diseases: nutritional iron deficiency anemia, vitamin D.
Vitamin D deficiency rickets, malnutrition, recurrent infection, congenital heart disease, epilepsy.
Epilepsy, neuropsychiatric retardation, common deformities, etc.
2, the establishment of a registration system, the frail children, suffering from moderate and moderate anemia, activities.
Stage I rickets, repeated infection more than 4 times a year, moderate or severe malnutrition and obesity.
Children with AIDS should be managed through projects.
3. Nurses should correctly care for weak children under the guidance of health care personnel.
Management, and give special care in one day's life.
4. After the weak child is cured, the case should be closed and transferred to the routine management of healthy children.
5. Specific management measures:
(1) vitamin d deficiency rickets, nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children, nutrition
See "Prevention and Treatment of Common Diseases in Children" for the prevention and treatment of adverse diseases.
(2) Management of children with congenital heart disease
(1) Establish a registration system for vulnerable children.
(2) Strengthen concern for all aspects of life, participate in activities appropriately, and take care of children according to their situation.
Physical condition determines the amount, intensity and time of activity. Change clothes whenever the weather changes.
, reduce respiratory tract infection.
③ Receive vaccination on time according to the regulations of the Ministry of Health.
④ Closing the case: The case can only be closed after radical surgery.
(3) Management of children with epilepsy
(1) Establish a registration system for vulnerable children.
② Life care: Eat normally, master the food intake, and don't overdo it; In order to ensure adequate sleep
; Avoid excessive tension, excitement and strenuous exercise; Don't climb high or play by the water.
Beware of sudden attacks and accidents.
③ Close contact with parents: inquire and observe the characteristics, duration and possibility of seizures in detail.
Inducing factors, take corresponding measures to reduce the number of attacks.
(4) Urge to take medicine on time and for a long time according to the doctor's advice: Do not stop taking medicine or reduce the dosage at will, and ensure the regular recovery.
Check.
Teachers should care about sick children and don't discriminate against them.
(4) Management of children with neuropsychiatric retardation.
(1) Establish a registration system for vulnerable children.
② Life care: These children and their peers are eating, dressing, urinating and exercising.
There is a certain gap, and special care should be taken in life.
③ Activity safety: Arrange the activities of such children according to the type and degree of neurodevelopmental retardation.
And carry out targeted functional training to prevent accidents in activities.
④ Referral: For children whose neuropsychiatric development is obviously behind the average level of their peers, we should
Go to Harbin Maternal and Child Health Hospital for further examination.
(5) Management of common deformed children
(1) Establish a register of frail children, indicating the type and degree of disability and specific management measures.
2 Cleft lip and palate: Such children should pay attention to giving enough time when eating and drinking water.
Do not flush, so as to avoid accidental inhalation and danger.
③ Limb deformity: The type and intensity of children's activities are determined according to the degree of limb deformity.
Degree, pay attention to safety, to prevent accidents. Teachers should pay attention to love and care.
Disabled children, and educate other children to respect and care for them, without discrimination, so that
Deformed disabled children grow up in a good living environment.
(6) management of obese children
① Establish project management: establish obese children management card for simple obese children.
As long as mild obesity does not need to be recorded, moderate and above obesity should be managed.
(2) Analyze the reasons, and carefully analyze the reasons from the aspects of diet, exercise, heredity and psychology.
If obesity caused by other diseases is considered, parents are advised to take their children to the hospital for examination.
③ Regular monitoring: Focus on monitoring the weight gain, and measure the weight once a month and every 3 hours.
Height was measured every month 1 time.
④ Parents' contact: Keep close contact with parents and give them correct and scientific parenting knowledge.
Knowledge can make parents pay attention to the harm of obesity and actively cooperate with their children's diet and daily life.
Adjustment and treatment.
⑤ Closing the case: The weight dropped to less than 20% of the standard weight of the same sex and height, and remained at three.
The case will be closed in a month. The degree of obesity is reduced and stable within half a year, which is effective for management.
(12) five senses health care
1, eye care and oral care work as usual.
2. Hearing care:
(1) Carry out hearing screening for children: screen children every year.
(2) Method of hearing screening: Recommended method: otoacoustic emission method. If there are no rules
Otoacoustic emission method is used for screening, and behavioral observation and audiometry can be used.
(3) Management: "Ha" should be established for those with high risk factors or suspected hearing abnormality.
Harbin 0-6 years old children's hearing management files ",and fill in the" Harbin 0-6 years old children can be
Suspected hearing abnormality referral form ",which will be transferred to the medical and health institutions designated by the Municipal Health Bureau.
Make a further diagnosis.
(XIII) Early education and children's mental health care
1, early education: according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of infants, based on the principle of combining education with nursing.
, to develop a practical early education training program.
2, children's mental health care:
(1) Screening time: 2 months after the first admission, and every year thereafter 1.
Time.
(2) Screening content: When entering the park, the screening content includes intelligence, language and sports.
Development level, emotional behavior problems, temperament evaluation. After entering the park, the screening is mainly emotional.
Emotional and behavioral problems.
(3) Establish mental health care files
(1) Basic mental health file, which records the situation of children when they enter the park and after each screening.
The result for all children;
2 Establish a case: the object is to find out the children with problems.
③ Follow-up observation: The cases were followed up and evaluated.
④ Intervention for problem children.
Intervention for backward children in sports: developing sports and game training;
B. Intervention for children with language retardation: language training;
C. intervention for children with mental retardation: special education;
D. Intervention for children with emotional and behavioral problems: counseling and educational intervention;
Educational intervention of children with special temperament: consultation and guidance.
(4) Referral system: Children with problems that cannot be handled in kindergartens should be referred.
Harbin Maternal and Child Health Hospital Children's Mental Health Center for further diagnosis and treatment.
(5) Health education: giving lectures on children's mental health care knowledge to parents,
The publicity column introduces the knowledge about children's mental health care.
(14) security system
1, implement the "Safety Routine of Kindergartens in Harbin", which is safe every month.
Comprehensive inspection and record.
2. Strengthen safety education for employees and children and eliminate all unsafe factors.
3, general accident records, to prevent accidents. Where is the major?
Liability accident or liability accident shall be reported to the municipal health hospital within 24 hours, and shall not be omitted.
Classification of common accidents: (1) Common accidents: In kindergarten, due to lack of self-management.
Abrasions, scratches and bones caused by protective ability or objective factors and conditions.
Folding, falling, dislocation, swallowing foreign bodies and other accidents. (2) Liability accidents: all accidents caused by insurance.
Teachers and staff are not responsible enough, take care of children carelessly, leave their posts without permission, and do not implement the safety system.
Take the wrong medicine, food poisoning, gas and other park (institute) rules and regulations.
Poisoning, skull fracture, burns (scalds), children being impersonated, lost, children being
Forgetting an empty house, falling from a height, corporal punishment, electric shock, drowning and other accidents, after taking the initiative
If the measures taken do not cause serious injuries, it is a liability accident. (3) Major accident: leadership
Things that cause children's death, disability, damage to important tissues and organs or increase children's serious suffering.
So it is a major liability accident.
4, health care room drug label is clear, disinfection drug management norms, health care personnel
Children should check carefully when taking medicine and are not allowed to take the wrong medicine.
(15) Contact with parents
Always keep in touch with parents, get to know the situation of children at home, and leave the children in the park (institute).
The performance of the school is reflected to parents, so as to enhance their understanding of the work of the park (institute) and strive to go home.
Long-term support and cooperation for the work of the park (institute) will promote the healthy growth of children.
1, combined with the specific situation of the park (institute), formulate the parent contact system.
2. Contents of contact with parents: investigation on the reasons for children's absence from school; Have an accident, get sick
Contact parents to understand the condition, medication, vaccination and other issues; Correct children's bad habits and dental caries
Home cooperation, such as correcting bad teeth and eyesight; Introduce the work in the park to parents and implement it.
Disseminating knowledge of health care and disease prevention; Get the support of parents and solve the problems of individual children.
Title; Solicit parents' opinions and suggestions on the work of the park (institute).
3. Contact information of parents: such as blackboard newspaper, publicity materials, telephone contact,
Parent contact book, letter, parent-teacher conference, half a day.
(16) health education
Health education is a variety of activities to learn and disseminate health knowledge through systematic and planned learning.
To promote people to consciously adopt healthy behaviors and strengthen self-care.
Ideas and actions, optimize daily behavior and living environment, so as to improve people's healthy water.
Peaceful quality of life.
1. Learn from parents regularly and report their children's health status.
2, a blackboard newspaper once every quarter, distribution of health publicity materials, targeted.
Carry out health education. Such as accidents, diseases, drugs, vaccines and children's psychological problems.
And the correction of dental caries and poor eyesight. It is easy to get sick according to the season. (such as winter and spring:
Chickenpox, whooping cough, measles, flu, mumps, etc. ; Summer and autumn: enteritis, dysentery.
Such as intestinal infectious diseases; And how to prevent infectious diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS,
Educate parents with isolation and nursing knowledge.
3. Give lectures on health care knowledge in parents' schools every semester.
4, by the class teacher through games, nursery rhymes, fables, role-playing and other teaching activities.
Children should be educated about health care knowledge at any time.
5. Organize the park staff to learn health care knowledge. Every study
Period 1-2 times.
(seventeen) health care registration statistics.
1, child care institutions should make timely and accurate records and statistics of health care data according to the routine.
, regular analysis, timely report the following statements: health care for children under 7 years old.
Look-up table (1) and table (2); Three opinions on the basic situation of child care institutions. Every year 10
At the regular meeting on June 5438+05, the report was made to the Children's Health Department of the Municipal Maternal and Child Health Hospital. At the same time, report to women and children in all districts.
Health center.
2. Tables, cards, books and materials must be true and complete, and shall not be subject to inspection.
Check and modify, don't write.
3. The data should be kept for at least three years for future reference.