Oats are called naked oats in China, commonly known as oil wheat, jade wheat, brome wheat and wild wheat. It is a food with low sugar, high nutrition and high energy. Oats are cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant, adaptable to soil and self-propagating. Oats are rich in dietary fiber, which can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, facilitate defecation, have low calories, low glycemic index, and reduce blood fat and blood sugar. Oats are also one of the advanced supplements and indispensable dry food in poor areas.
Main value
Among the nine kinds of food that Chinese people eat daily, such as wheat, rice and corn, oats have the highest economic value, which is mainly manifested in its high nutritional, medical and feeding values.
1997 American FDA has recognized oats as functional food, which can lower cholesterol and stabilize blood sugar.
Oat ranks fifth in the "Top Ten Healthy Foods in the World" selected by Time magazine in the United States, and is the only cereal on the list.
β -glucan in oats can slow down the increase of glucose content in blood and prevent obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Oats are rich in dietary fiber, which can clean up intestinal garbage and make people, especially women, like to eat more and more.
nutritive value
According to the comprehensive analysis of the Institute of Health of China Academy of Medical Sciences, naked oats in China are among the best compared with the other eight kinds of grains in terms of crude protein 15.6%, fat 8.5%, heat released by starch, phosphorus, iron, calcium and other elements. The water-soluble dietary fiber in oats is 4.7 times and 7.7 times that of wheat and corn, respectively. Oats are rich in B vitamins, nicotinic acid, folic acid and pantothenic acid, especially vitamin E, which is as high as 15 mg per 100 g oat flour. In addition, oat flour also contains saponins (the main component of ginseng) which are lacking in cereal. Protein has a comprehensive amino acid composition, with the highest content of eight essential amino acids, especially the lysine content of 0.68 g. ..
The porridge cooked with oatmeal is rich in magnesium and vitamin B 1, and also contains phosphorus, potassium, iron, pantothenic acid, copper and fiber, which can lower cholesterol and has auxiliary effects on fatty liver, diabetes and constipation. Uncooked oat bran is rich in magnesium, vitamin B 1, phosphorus and potassium, as well as iron, zinc, folic acid, pantothenic acid and copper. Oatmeal can improve blood circulation and promote wound healing.
Medicinal value
The medical value and health care function of oats in lowering blood pressure and cholesterol, preventing and treating colorectal cancer and heart disease have been recognized by medical circles at home and abroad.
From July 20 1 1 year to July 20 1 year, the expert group of Peking University Health Science Center carried out a scientific research activity in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, which lasted12/day. For the first time in the world, a food was used to intervene diabetes, and fruitful results were achieved.
It also has the same obvious curative effect on secondary hyperlipidemia caused by liver and nephropathy, diabetes and fatty liver. Eating oatmeal for a long time is beneficial to the control of diabetes and obesity.
Feeding value
Oat leaves and straws are juicy and tender, with good palatability. According to Animal Husbandry, naked oat straw contains crude protein 5.2%, crude fat 2.2% and nitrogen-free extract 44.6%, which is higher than that of cereal straw, wheat straw and corn straw. The indigestible fiber is 28.2%, which is 4.9 ~ 16.4% lower than that of wheat, corn and millet straw. It is one of the best forage grasses. Its seeds are high-quality feed for raising young animals, old animals, sick animals, heavy animals, chickens, pigs and other livestock and poultry.
Oats-Supplementing nutrition and controlling appetite
Professor Chen, a nutrition expert, explained that oats, as an ancient food crop, grow in the alpine region at an altitude of1000 ~ 2,700 meters, with the characteristics of high protein and low carbohydrate. At the same time, oats are rich in soluble fiber and insoluble fiber, which can absorb a lot of cholesterol in the human body and excrete it, which conforms to the dietary concept of "overeating" of modern people. Moreover, oats contain soluble fiber with high viscosity, which can delay the emptying of stomach, increase satiety and control appetite.
The diet structure containing oats helps to control energy intake for a long time, and the effect of slowly digested carbohydrates on blood sugar. Oat fiber can also reduce hunger and of course help to lose weight.
curative effect
Rich in nutrients such as starch, protein, fat, B vitamins, nicotinic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid, calcium, iron, etc., it has the effects of benefiting the liver and stomach, caring skin and so on. Oats can also resist bacteria and oxidation, effectively improve human immunity and resist spring flu.
Suitable food
Oat and milk are beneficial to the absorption of protein, dietary fiber, vitamins and various trace elements.
Oats and yam can prolong life, and they are slimming foods for patients with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
Oat and pumpkin benefit the liver and stomach, moisten the intestines and relieve constipation, and lower blood pressure and blood lipid.
get a facial
Oats not only have natural health care function, but also have high beauty value. People have long known how to use oats to treat dry and itchy skin. According to archaeological experts, the ancient Egyptian queen had the habit of bathing with oatmeal.
Oat contains oat protein, oat peptide, oat β glucan, oat oil and other ingredients. Has the effects of resisting oxidation, increasing skin activity, delaying skin aging, whitening and moisturizing, reducing wrinkles and spots, and resisting allergy. In the United States, Japan, South Korea, Canada, France and other countries, oats are called "family doctor", "plant gold" and "natural beautician".
The soup of oatmeal can be directly applied to the face, or it can be soaked in a compressed mask and applied to the face.
Moisturizing and moistening
Oat β -glucan is a linear unbranched mucopolysaccharide. β-D- glucopyranose units are linked by β-( 1-3) and β-( 1-4) glycosidic bonds to form polymers. Because it contains a large number of hydrophilic groups, oat β -glucan can absorb water or lock water in the stratum corneum of the skin, which has a very good moisturizing effect. In addition, the unique physical and chemical properties of oat β -glucan can give skin a silky texture, giving people a pleasant, comfortable and elegant feeling.
Protein is one of the most important ingredients in oats. Protein can get small peptides and amino acids by enzymolysis. These molecules all contain hydrophilic groups, which can absorb or lock water in the stratum corneum of the skin and have a very good moisturizing effect. Oat protein with high molecular weight can form a film at low concentration, which plays the role of embedding or isolating small molecular substances, and can quickly transport active ingredients or release them at regular intervals, improving hair quality and skin dryness. Protein, peptides and amino acids are also essential nutrients for the growth and development of tissues and cells. Adding these substances into cosmetics can also moisturize the skin, nourish cells and promote the healthy growth and development of skin tissues.
Oats are rich in high-quality oils, mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids. The fat composition and hydration characteristics of oat can emulsify a lot of water in oil and can be used as an effective carrier of epidermal hydration humectant. Oat oil can also form an oil film on the skin surface, which plays a long-term moisturizing role; Unsaturated fatty acids in oat essential oil can soften the skin, nourish and beautify the face, and give people a comfortable skin feeling.
Whitening freckle removing
The color of skin mainly depends on the content of melanin in epidermis. Melanin in the human body is produced by melanocytes. In melanocytes, tyrosine undergoes a series of biochemical reactions under the catalysis of tyrosinase. Tyrosinase is the main rate-limiting enzyme for melanin formation. Inhibition of tyrosinase activity can inhibit the formation of melanin. At the same time, antioxidants can inhibit the biochemical reaction of melanin formation, so they can also reduce the formation of melanin.
Oat extract contains a large number of bioactive components that can inhibit tyrosinase activity, and its inhibitory ability is close to arbutin, a whitening agent commonly used in cosmetics, but the cost of oat extract is much lower than arbutin. In addition, oats contain a lot of antioxidant components, which can effectively inhibit the redox reaction in the process of melanin formation, reduce the formation of melanin, dilute pigmentation and keep the skin fair and beautiful.
Anti-wrinkle and anti-oxidation
Oats contain a lot of antioxidants, and phenolic acids include caffeic acid, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, benzoic acid, vanillic acid, erucic acid, protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, etc. Flavonoids include: 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone; 3', 4', 5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone, 4', 5,7-trihydroxy -3', 5'- dimethoxyflavone, vitamin E, oat anthracamide, etc. These substances can effectively remove free radicals, reduce the damage of free radicals to skin cells, reduce the appearance of wrinkles, fade spots and maintain skin elasticity and luster.
Oat anthracamide, also known as oat alkaloid, is a unique substance of oat. Oat anthracamide not only has the effects of scavenging free radicals and anti-wrinkle, but also has the characteristics of anti-irritation, especially when ultraviolet radiation has adverse effects on the skin, it has the effect of effectively removing skin redness and has excellent nursing effect on allergic skin.
Moisturize hair care
Hair has a certain function of defending and maintaining body temperature, but for human beings, it is more important that hair can be used as a secondary sexual characteristic. The density, quality and cosmetic characteristics of hair greatly affect people's appearance and spiritual temperament. Therefore, hair care products occupy a large proportion in the daily chemical and beauty industries.
The basic component of hair is keratin. Oat protein can form a protective film on the hair surface, lubricate the hair surface and reduce friction, thus reducing the harm of combing to the hair. Oat protein can also provide nutrition and promote healthy hair growth.
The change of hair moisture content has great influence on hair quality and appearance. If the hair absorbs too much water, it will destroy the hydrogen bond between protein in the hair, thus changing the original hairstyle and curl, and even making it difficult to comb. If the hair loses too much water, the hair is too dry, and the static electricity of the hair increases, resulting in messy and floating hair. The protective film formed by oat protein on the hair surface can keep the moisture in the hair relatively stable, thus keeping the hair smooth, supple and shiny.