This is terrible. A stone stirs up a thousand waves.
People who often drink lemonade question why they often don't know. Wind friends who don't often have gout attacks only listen to doctors saying that they usually drink more soda instead of lemonade.
The most weighty question is-even if lemon juice can reduce uric acid and treat gout, do you have any evidence? What ingredients are at work?
I have to say that these doubts are reasonable, and I feel that the responsibility is great. The road to popular science is far away and it is necessary.
Therefore, I think it is necessary to clarify this issue in today's "Original Articles of TCM Health Preservation" article 75.
Lemon is a small evergreen tree belonging to the genus Citrus in Rutaceae, which is widely loved by people all over the world because of its low-sugar and high-acid aroma. Although it originated in Southeast Asia, it is now the main fruit tree variety cultivated in Europe and America.
Lemon, also known as lemon fruit, foreign lemon, beneficial mother fruit and so on. , with a positive yellow peel surface, commonly known as lemon yellow. The peel is rough and uneven, oval in shape, with different sizes, weighing about 80 grams, thick peel, and the juice yield is 30% to 40%.
Lemon is rich in functional components, including flavonoids, citric acid, flavonoids, vitamin A, volatile oil, dietary fiber, pectin, limonin, vitamin C and minerals.
Lemon contains many minerals, mainly potassium and calcium, as well as sodium, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, magnesium, selenium, iron and copper.
Vitamins are the most abundant nutrients in lemons, especially vitamin C. They also contain a small amount of vitamins B 1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nicotinic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B9 (folic acid) and a very small amount of vitamin A. ..
In view of the long history and wide use of lemon, people have actually studied it in depth and breadth, but there are not many studies on its influence on gout or uric acid, but it is not without it.
Because of the relationship between acid-base and gout and uric acid, after some reasoning and research, citric acid is the first substance to enter the researchers' field of vision.
Citric acid:
A weak acid, widely found in various vegetables and fruits, is called citric acid because it was originally extracted from lemon.
Citric acid in lemon mainly exists in peel and juice, accounting for less than 10% of the dry weight of lemon, and is the most representative acidic substance in lemon.
Some studies believe that citric acid can alkalize urine and assist in the treatment of patients with uric acid stones. The reason is that uric acid crystals mainly exist in acidic environment to form.
The above is the research cognition of domestic scholars. In fact, the Health Center at the University of California, San Diego has reached a similar conclusion. Their research suggests that lemon juice is rich in potassium and citric acid, which can prevent uric acid from forming gout and kidney calculi. Studies have also confirmed that potassium and citric acid can also prevent excessive acid accumulation in the body and create an alkaline body environment, alkalizing the body and blood.
However, the above conclusion was questioned by later studies, because their research conclusion was that citric acid in lemon could not alkalize urine and had no effect on uric acid excreted in the body, and its main function was potassium citrate contained in lemon. We will explain this research in detail in tomorrow's content.
Limonin and coumarin:
There is no direct evidence that limonin and coumarin affect gout or uric acid excretion. But they have antitumor, antibacterial and antiviral effects. The antimutagenic effect seems to be related to gout and uric acid reduction.
Lemon and urinary calculi:
It is not difficult to find that there are some reports that lemon juice has a certain effect on various stones.
Some researchers have found that providing different concentrations of lemon juice to mice can effectively reduce the contents of stones, calcium, phosphorus, urea nitrogen and creatinine in various parts of the kidney. The mechanism may be that lemon juice can improve the filtration rate of glomerulus and the ability of anti-lipid peroxidation.
However, in the study of potassium citrate in patients with hyperuricemia stones abroad, the results confirmed that lemon juice is rich in citrate, which can reduce the concentrations of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate in urine, thus inhibiting the occurrence of urinary calculi.
The researchers also conducted a similar comparative study on lemon juice and orange juice. The results show that lemon juice can inhibit the deposition of calcium oxalate and form citrate-like crystals, while orange juice has no such effect. Therefore, it is considered that potassium citrate in lemon juice plays a role in stones, because orange juice does not contain potassium citrate, but orange juice contains almost the same amount of citric acid.
Is it citric acid or potassium citrate that excretes uric acid in lemon juice? We will explain it in detail tomorrow.
References in this paper (picture from Internet/Invasion): 2065438+June 2006, Master's thesis of Wang Hongjing, Yuehua University of Traditional Chinese Medicine "Study on the Hypouricemic Effect of Citric Acid".
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